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Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Immunotherapy Treatment: Now, Next, and Beyond
Version 1
: Received: 8 May 2023 / Approved: 9 May 2023 / Online: 9 May 2023 (09:03:11 CEST)
A peer-reviewed article of this Preprint also exists.
Aureli, A.; Marziani, B.; Venditti, A.; Sconocchia, T.; Sconocchia, G. Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Immunotherapy Treatment: Now, Next, and Beyond. Cancers 2023, 15, 3346. Aureli, A.; Marziani, B.; Venditti, A.; Sconocchia, T.; Sconocchia, G. Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Immunotherapy Treatment: Now, Next, and Beyond. Cancers 2023, 15, 3346.
Abstract
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a blood cancer that primarily affects children but also adults. It is due to the malignant proliferation of lymphoid precursor cells that invade the bone marrow and can spread to extramedullary sites. ALL is divided into B cell (85%) and T cell lineages (10 to 15%); rare cases are associated with the natural killer (NK) cell lineage (<1%). To date, the survival rate in children with ALL is excellent while in adults continues to be poor. Despite the therapeutic progress, there are subsets of patients that still have high relapse rates after chemotherapy or hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) and an unsatisfactory cure rate. Hence, the identification of more effective and safer therapy choices represents a primary issue. In this review, we will discuss novel therapeutic options including bispecific antibodies, antibody-drug conjugates,chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-based therapies, and other promising treatments for both pediatric and adult patients.
Keywords
ALL; immunotherapy; antibody-drug conjugate; CAR-based therapies, targeted therapies
Subject
Medicine and Pharmacology, Oncology and Oncogenics
Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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