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Decoding the Roles of Astrocytes and Hedgehog Signaling in Medulloblastoma
Version 1
: Received: 10 June 2021 / Approved: 11 June 2021 / Online: 11 June 2021 (10:23:14 CEST)
A peer-reviewed article of this Preprint also exists.
Duarte, T.T.; Teixeira, S.A.; Gonzalez-Reyes, L.; Reis, R.M. Decoding the Roles of Astrocytes and Hedgehog Signaling in Medulloblastoma. Curr. Oncol. 2021, 28, 3058-3070. Duarte, T.T.; Teixeira, S.A.; Gonzalez-Reyes, L.; Reis, R.M. Decoding the Roles of Astrocytes and Hedgehog Signaling in Medulloblastoma. Curr. Oncol. 2021, 28, 3058-3070.
Abstract
The molecular evolution of medulloblastoma is more complex than was previously imagined as emerging evidence suggests that multiples interactions between the tumor cells and components of the tumor microenvironment (TME) are important for tumor promotion and progression. The identification of several molecular networks within the TME, which interact with tumoral cells, has provided new clues to understand the tumorigenic roles of many TME components as well as potential therapeutic targets. In this review, we discuss the most recent studies regarding the roles of astrocytes in supporting the sonic hedgehog (SHH)–activated medulloblastoma molecular subgroup, and provide an overview of medulloblastoma progression through SHH expression and signal transduction mechanisms into the complex tumor microenvironment. In addition, we highlight the associations between tumor and stromal cells as possible prognostic markers and new therapeutic strategies.
Keywords
medulloblastoma; tumor progression; tumor microenvironment; tumor-associated astrocytes; hedgehog signaling; tumor-astrocytes cross talk
Subject
Medicine and Pharmacology, Immunology and Allergy
Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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