Review
Version 1
Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed
Treatment-Free Remission in Chronic Myeloid Leukaemia: Can We Identify Prognostic Factors?
Version 1
: Received: 24 June 2021 / Approved: 25 June 2021 / Online: 25 June 2021 (08:13:40 CEST)
A peer-reviewed article of this Preprint also exists.
Saifullah, H.H.; Lucas, C.M. Treatment-Free Remission in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia: Can We Identify Prognostic Factors? Cancers 2021, 13, 4175. Saifullah, H.H.; Lucas, C.M. Treatment-Free Remission in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia: Can We Identify Prognostic Factors? Cancers 2021, 13, 4175.
Abstract
Following the development of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI), the survival of patients with chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) drastically improved. With the introduction of these agents, CML is now considered a chronic disease, for some patients. Taking into consideration the side effects, toxicity, and high cost, discontinuing TKIs became a goal for patients with chronic phase CML. Patients who achieved deep molecular response (DMR) and discontinued TKI, remained in treatment-free remission (TFR). Currently, the data from the published literature demonstrate that 40-60% of patients achieve TFR, with relapses occurring within the first six months. In addition, almost all patients who relapsed regained a molecular response upon re-treatment, indicating TKI discontinuation is safe. However, there is still a gap in the understanding the mechanisms behind TFR, and whether there are prognostic factors that can predict the best candidates who qualify for TKI discontinuation with a view to keeping them in TFR. Furthermore, the information about a second TFR attempt and the role of gradual de-escalation of TKI before complete cessation is limited. This review highlights the factors predicting success or failure of TFR. In addition, it ex-amines the feasibility of a second TFR attempt after the failure of the first one, and the current guidelines concerning TFR in clinical practice.
Keywords
Chronic myeloid leukaemia; chronic phase; Tyrosine kinase inhibitor; Treatment free remission; deep molecular response; BCR-ABL.
Subject
Medicine and Pharmacology, Immunology and Allergy
Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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