Measurement Characteristics of the Most Common Used International Physical Activity Questionnaires for Adults Across EU-28 in National Language Versions: Systematic Review and Meta Analysis

This review and meta-analysis (PROSPERO registration number: CRD42020138845) critically evaluates test-retest reliability, concurrent validity and criterion validity of different physical activity (PA) levels of three most-common used international PA questionnaires (PAQs) in national language versions of EU-28: IPAQ-SF, GPAQ, and EHIS-PAQ. In total, 4969 abstracts were read, 287 full-text articles were identified as relvant to the study objectives, and 19 studies were included in the final meta-analysis. The studies’ results and quality were evaluated using the Quality Assessment of Physical Activity Questionnaires (QAPAQ) checklist. Results indicate that only five EU-28 countries validated national language versions of selected PAQs. Meta analysis revealed that assessment of moderate-to-vigourus PA (MVPA) is the most relevant PA level outcome, since no publication bias in any of measurement properties was detected while test-retest reliability was the moderately-high (rw=0.74), and moderate for both criterion (rw=0.41) and concurrent validity (rw=0.72). Reporting of methods and results of the studies was poor with overall moderate risk of bias with total score of 0.43. In conclusion, where only self-reporting is feasible, assessment of MVPA with selected PAQs in EU-28 adult population is recommended for policymaking.