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Pharmacokinetic Investigation of Commercially Available Edible Marijuana Products in Humans: Potential Influence of Body Composition and Influence on Glucose Control
Ewell, T. R.; Abbotts, K. S. S.; Williams, N. N. B.; Butterklee, H. M.; Bomar, M. C.; Harms, K. J.; Rebik, J. D.; Mast, S. M.; Akagi, N.; Dooley, G. P.; et al. Pharmacokinetic Investigation of Commercially Available Edible Marijuana Products in Humans: Potential Influence of Body Composition and Influence on Glucose Control. Pharmaceuticals, 2021, 14, 817. https://doi.org/10.3390/ph14080817.
Ewell, T. R.; Abbotts, K. S. S.; Williams, N. N. B.; Butterklee, H. M.; Bomar, M. C.; Harms, K. J.; Rebik, J. D.; Mast, S. M.; Akagi, N.; Dooley, G. P.; et al. Pharmacokinetic Investigation of Commercially Available Edible Marijuana Products in Humans: Potential Influence of Body Composition and Influence on Glucose Control. Pharmaceuticals, 2021, 14, 817. https://doi.org/10.3390/ph14080817.
Ewell, T. R.; Abbotts, K. S. S.; Williams, N. N. B.; Butterklee, H. M.; Bomar, M. C.; Harms, K. J.; Rebik, J. D.; Mast, S. M.; Akagi, N.; Dooley, G. P.; et al. Pharmacokinetic Investigation of Commercially Available Edible Marijuana Products in Humans: Potential Influence of Body Composition and Influence on Glucose Control. Pharmaceuticals, 2021, 14, 817. https://doi.org/10.3390/ph14080817.
Ewell, T. R.; Abbotts, K. S. S.; Williams, N. N. B.; Butterklee, H. M.; Bomar, M. C.; Harms, K. J.; Rebik, J. D.; Mast, S. M.; Akagi, N.; Dooley, G. P.; et al. Pharmacokinetic Investigation of Commercially Available Edible Marijuana Products in Humans: Potential Influence of Body Composition and Influence on Glucose Control. Pharmaceuticals, 2021, 14, 817. https://doi.org/10.3390/ph14080817.
Abstract
The purpose of the study was to describe and compare the pharmacokinetics of five commercial edible marijuana products, determine the influence of body composition on pharmacokinetics, and, in light of epidemiology suggesting marijuana may offer diabetes protection, explore the influence of edible marijuana on glucose tolerance. Seven regular users of marijuana self-administered five edible products in a randomized crossover design; each product contained 10mg of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC). 30-minutes following marijuana ingestion, participants imbibed a 75g glucose beverage. Time-to-peak plasma THC concentration ranged between 35 and 90 minutes; maximal plasma THC concentration (Cmax) ranged between 3.2 and 5.5 ng/mL. Differences between products in plasma THC concentration during the first 20-to-30 minutes were detected (P=0.019). Relations were identified between body composition and pharmacokinetic parameters for some products; however, none of these body composition characteristics were consistently related to pharmacokinetics across all five of the products. Edible marijuana had no effect on oral glucose tolerance compared with a marijuana-free control (Matsuda Index; P>0.395). Commercially available edible marijuana products evoke different plasma THC concentrations shortly after ingestion, but do not appear to influence acute glucose regulation. These data may allow marijuana users to make informed decisions pertaining to rates of edible marijuana ingestion and avoid overdose.
Keywords
cannabis; cannabinoid; diabetes; insulin
Subject
Medicine and Pharmacology, Pharmacology and Toxicology
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.