Preprint Article Version 2 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

Modeling the Enhanced-Efficacy and Curing-Depth of Photo-Thermal Dual Polymerization in Metal (Fe) Polymer Composites for 3D Printing

Version 1 : Received: 28 January 2022 / Approved: 31 January 2022 / Online: 31 January 2022 (11:03:52 CET)
Version 2 : Received: 5 February 2022 / Approved: 7 February 2022 / Online: 7 February 2022 (12:52:53 CET)

A peer-reviewed article of this Preprint also exists.

Lin, J.-T.; Lee, Y.-Z.; Lalevee, J.; Kao, C.-H.; Lin, K.-H.; Cheng, D.-C. Modeling the Enhanced Efficacy and Curing Depth of Photo-Thermal Dual Polymerization in Metal (Fe) Polymer Composites for 3D Printing. Polymers 2022, 14, 1158, doi:10.3390/polym14061158. Lin, J.-T.; Lee, Y.-Z.; Lalevee, J.; Kao, C.-H.; Lin, K.-H.; Cheng, D.-C. Modeling the Enhanced Efficacy and Curing Depth of Photo-Thermal Dual Polymerization in Metal (Fe) Polymer Composites for 3D Printing. Polymers 2022, 14, 1158, doi:10.3390/polym14061158.

Abstract

This article presents, for the first time, the efficacy and curing depth analysis of photo-thermal dual polymerization in metal (Fe) polymer composites for 3D printing of a 3-component (A/B/M) system based on the proposed mechanism of our group, in which the co initiators A and B are Irgacure-369, and charge-transfer complexes (CTC), respectively; and the monomer M is filled by Fe. Our formulas show the depth of curing (Zc) is an increasing function of the light intensity, but a decreasing function of the Fe and photoinitiator concentrations. Zc is enhanced by the additive [B] which produces extra thermal radical for polymerization under high temperature. The heat (or temperature) increase in the system has two components : (i) due to the light absorption of Fe filler, and (ii) heat released from the exothermic photopolymerization of the monomer. The heat is transported to the additive (or co-initiator) [B] to produce extra radical R' and enhance the monomer conversion function (CF). The Fe filler leads to temperature increase, but also limits the light penetration leading to lower CF and Zc, which could be overcome by the additive initiator [B] in thick polymers. Optimal Fe for maximal CF and Zc are explored theoretically.

Keywords

photo-polymerization kinetics; monomer conversion; metal composited; enhancement effects; curing depth; 3D printing; addative manufacturing

Subject

Chemistry and Materials Science, Applied Chemistry

Comments (1)

Comment 1
Received: 7 February 2022
Commenter: Jui-Teng Lin
Commenter's Conflict of Interests: Author
Comment: equations (2), (5), (11), (12) are updated to oncldue the oxygen inhibition effects and a time-dependent rate factor k'(t). Figs. 2 to 4  and Sects. 3.3 to 3.5 are revised accordingly.
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