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Effects of Electronic Cigarette Use on Cardiovascular Disease-related Inflammatory Biomarkers in Smokers with HIV in a Switching Study in the United States
Cioe, P. A.; Lechner, W. V.; Tidey, J. W.; Kahler, C. W. Effects of Electronic Cigarette Use on Cardiovascular-Disease-Related Inflammatory Biomarkers in Smokers with HIV in a Switching Study in the United States. Pharmacoepidemiology, 2023, 2, 106–113. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharma2010010.
Cioe, P. A.; Lechner, W. V.; Tidey, J. W.; Kahler, C. W. Effects of Electronic Cigarette Use on Cardiovascular-Disease-Related Inflammatory Biomarkers in Smokers with HIV in a Switching Study in the United States. Pharmacoepidemiology, 2023, 2, 106–113. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharma2010010.
Cioe, P. A.; Lechner, W. V.; Tidey, J. W.; Kahler, C. W. Effects of Electronic Cigarette Use on Cardiovascular-Disease-Related Inflammatory Biomarkers in Smokers with HIV in a Switching Study in the United States. Pharmacoepidemiology, 2023, 2, 106–113. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharma2010010.
Cioe, P. A.; Lechner, W. V.; Tidey, J. W.; Kahler, C. W. Effects of Electronic Cigarette Use on Cardiovascular-Disease-Related Inflammatory Biomarkers in Smokers with HIV in a Switching Study in the United States. Pharmacoepidemiology, 2023, 2, 106–113. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharma2010010.
Abstract
People with HIV (PWH) experience higher rates of cardiovascular events (CVEs) compared with the general population. A substantial body of evidence supports that select biomarkers of inflammation (soluble CD14 [sCD14], soluble CD163 [sCD163], highly sensitive C-reactive protein [hs-CRP], interleukin-6 [IL-6]), and coagulation (D-dimer) are elevated in PWH and related to increased rates of CVEs. Our previous work showed that smoking compared with nonsmoking was associated with significantly elevated sCD14, a biomarker of monocyte activation. We aimed to explore the effect of electronic cigarette (EC) provision on inflammatory biomarkers in PWH who smoked daily and then switched to an EC. Nineteen PWH were enrolled in a pilot study in which an EC and e-liquid were provided weekly or 8 weeks. Blood specimens for inflammatory biomarker analysis were obtained at baseline (BL) and at week 8. Biomarker levels were high at BL and did not differ significantly at week 8. There were small nonsignificant reductions in sCD163 and CRP levels. Non-significant increases in IL-6, D-dimer and sCD14 levels were also noted. Use of ECs for 8 weeks does not appear to significantly increase or decrease inflammatory biomarker levels in SWH. Further research with larger samples and a control group is needed.
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Received:
20 October 2022
The commenter has declared there is no conflict of interests.
Comment:
QUESTION: WHEN THE STUDY OF ELECTRONIC CIGARETTES ARE WITHIN USAGE ATA HOSPITAL ENVIROMENT ARE THERE SOUND BARRIERS THAT ARE USED TOO DIVIDE THE SOUND OF A EXAMPLE LUNG SUCTION TOO CIGARETTES,. WHAT ABOUT A DISPOSABLE, WHAT COMPARES THE SOUND OF LED BATTERY/HOUSE CIRCUITRY,ATOMIZER/HEATING ELEMENT,CARTRIDGE/MOUTHPIECE, WHAT INSTRUMENTS TELL'S THE DIFFERENCE AN HOW MUCH INFORMATION CAN BE OBTAINED REGARDING ELECTRONIC CIGARETTES.
The commenter has declared there is no conflict of interests.