Preprint Review Version 1 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

Mitochondrial Bioenergy in Neural Disease: Huntington and Parkinson

Version 1 : Received: 27 March 2023 / Approved: 28 March 2023 / Online: 28 March 2023 (10:23:10 CEST)

A peer-reviewed article of this Preprint also exists.

Tassone, A.; Meringolo, M.; Ponterio, G.; Bonsi, P.; Schirinzi, T.; Martella, G. Mitochondrial Bioenergy in Neurodegenerative Disease: Huntington and Parkinson. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24, 7221. Tassone, A.; Meringolo, M.; Ponterio, G.; Bonsi, P.; Schirinzi, T.; Martella, G. Mitochondrial Bioenergy in Neurodegenerative Disease: Huntington and Parkinson. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24, 7221.

Abstract

Much evidence suggests a correlation between degeneration and mitochondrial impairment. Typical cases of degeneration can also be observed in physiological phenomena (aging) as well as in neurological neurodegenerative diseases and cancer. All these pathologies have as a common denominator the dyshomeostasis of mitochondrial bioenergy. Even neurodegenerative diseases show a bioenergetics imbalance in their pathogenesis or progression. Huntington's chorea and Parkinson's disease are both neurodegenerative diseases, but while Huntington's disease is a genetic, and progressive disease with early manifestation and severe penetrance, Parkinson's disease is a pathology with a multifactorial aspect. Indeed, there are different types of Parkinson/Parkinsonism. Many forms are early onset diseases linked to gene mutation, others can appear in young adults and senescent only post-injury, and a final group is idiopathic. Huntington's was defined as a hyperkinetic disorder, while Parkinson's is a hypokinetic disorder; but in the middle, there are a lot of similarities as well as neuronal excitability, the loss of striatal function, psychiatric comorbidity, etc. In the review, we would embrace the theories that both diseases start and develop in light of mitochondrial dysfunction. These dysfunctions act on energy metabolism and reduce the vitality of neurons in many different brain areas.

Keywords

movement disorders; mitochondria; energy metabolism; synaptic plasticity; basal ganglia; calcium

Subject

Medicine and Pharmacology, Neuroscience and Neurology

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