Review
Version 1
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Inflammatory Biomarkers in mTBI
Version 1
: Received: 8 June 2023 / Approved: 8 June 2023 / Online: 8 June 2023 (11:36:44 CEST)
How to cite: Mavroudis, I.; Ciobica, A.; Balmus, I. M.; Luca, A. C. Inflammatory Biomarkers in mTBI. Preprints 2023, 2023060644. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202306.0644.v1 Mavroudis, I.; Ciobica, A.; Balmus, I. M.; Luca, A. C. Inflammatory Biomarkers in mTBI. Preprints 2023, 2023060644. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202306.0644.v1
Abstract
Mild TBI (mTBI) accounts for most TBI cases, the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Despite their high incidence, mTBI pathophysiology remains largely unknown. Recent studies have shown that the inflammatory response is activated early after mTBI and can persist for several weeks or months. However, limited evidence on the utility of inflammatory biomarkers as predictors of clinical outcomes in mTBI was previously provided. Thus, this study aims to provide an overview of the current knowledge on the role of inflammation in the pathogenesis of mTBI and the potential of some inflammatory biomolecules as biomarkers of mTBI. Thus, it was shown that the increase of IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-1β plasma levels could be implicated in the development of the early post-concussion symptoms. On the other hand, the persistence of the increased plasmatic concentrations of IL-10 and IL-8 for as long as six months following the brain injury event could suggest chronic inflammation leading to neuroinflammation and late or persistent symptoms. In this context, our findings showed that the inflammatory biomarkers could be relevant in diagnosing or predicting recovery or long-term outcomes of mTBI.
Keywords
mild traumatic brain injury; post-concussion syndrome; neuroinflammation; pro-inflammatory cytokines; diagnosis; outcomes; recovery.
Subject
Medicine and Pharmacology, Neuroscience and Neurology
Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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