Preprint Article Version 1 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

Understanding the Ge@GeO2-C Composite Anode via a Simple High-Energy Ball-Milling Process for Li-Ion Batteries

Version 1 : Received: 9 January 2024 / Approved: 10 January 2024 / Online: 10 January 2024 (11:08:27 CET)

How to cite: Han, J.; Kim, H. W. Understanding the Ge@GeO2-C Composite Anode via a Simple High-Energy Ball-Milling Process for Li-Ion Batteries. Preprints 2024, 2024010787. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202401.0787.v1 Han, J.; Kim, H. W. Understanding the Ge@GeO2-C Composite Anode via a Simple High-Energy Ball-Milling Process for Li-Ion Batteries. Preprints 2024, 2024010787. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202401.0787.v1

Abstract

To address the limitations of the current anodes of Li+-ion batteries (LIBs), a Ge/GeO2/Carbon (Ge@GeO2-C) composite was designed by introducing a high-energy ball-milling process for advanced LIBs. Ge@GeO2-C is prepared and characterized by XPS, XRD, SEM, and TEM, which facilitate synthesis and provide controllability with respect to milling time. Interestingly, as the ball-milling time increased, the proportion of metallic Ge increased during the carbon thermal reduction reaction. The electrochemical characteristics of Ge@GeO2-C are assessed using differential capacity analysis (dQ/dV) and galvanostatic charge-discharge techniques to confirm its viability as an anode material in LIBs. The results demonstrated decent initial and secondary capacities of approximately 1800 mAh g-1 (for the first cycle) and 838 mAh g-1 (for the second cycle) at a rate of C/60 by the reaction between Ge and the Li-Ge complex. Furthermore, postmortem characterization was performed to gain an understanding of the material, suggesting future prospects for advanced LIBs.

Keywords

Li+ ion batteries; Ge anode; Alloy

Subject

Chemistry and Materials Science, Electrochemistry

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