Seki, T.; Ohshima, S.; Komatsu, S.; Yamada, S.; Kashiwagi, H.; Goto, Y.; Tsuda, B.; Kanno, A.; Yasuda, A.; Kuno, H.; Tsuji, N.M.; Shiina, T.; Kametani, Y. Coccomyxa subellipsoidea KJ Components Enhance the Expression of Metallothioneins and Th17 Cytokines during Human T Cell Activation. Microorganisms2024, 12, 741.
Seki, T.; Ohshima, S.; Komatsu, S.; Yamada, S.; Kashiwagi, H.; Goto, Y.; Tsuda, B.; Kanno, A.; Yasuda, A.; Kuno, H.; Tsuji, N.M.; Shiina, T.; Kametani, Y. Coccomyxa subellipsoidea KJ Components Enhance the Expression of Metallothioneins and Th17 Cytokines during Human T Cell Activation. Microorganisms 2024, 12, 741.
Seki, T.; Ohshima, S.; Komatsu, S.; Yamada, S.; Kashiwagi, H.; Goto, Y.; Tsuda, B.; Kanno, A.; Yasuda, A.; Kuno, H.; Tsuji, N.M.; Shiina, T.; Kametani, Y. Coccomyxa subellipsoidea KJ Components Enhance the Expression of Metallothioneins and Th17 Cytokines during Human T Cell Activation. Microorganisms2024, 12, 741.
Seki, T.; Ohshima, S.; Komatsu, S.; Yamada, S.; Kashiwagi, H.; Goto, Y.; Tsuda, B.; Kanno, A.; Yasuda, A.; Kuno, H.; Tsuji, N.M.; Shiina, T.; Kametani, Y. Coccomyxa subellipsoidea KJ Components Enhance the Expression of Metallothioneins and Th17 Cytokines during Human T Cell Activation. Microorganisms 2024, 12, 741.
Abstract
Coccomyxa subellipsoidea KJ (C-KJ) is a green alga with unique immunoregulatory characteristics. Here, we investigated the mechanism underlying the modification of T cell function by C-KJ components. The water-soluble extract of C-KJ was fractionated into protein (P) and sugar (S) fractions [acidic (AS), basic (BS), and neutral (NS)]. These fractions were used for the treatment of peripheral blood mononuclear cells stimulated with toxic shock syndrome toxin-1. Transcriptome analysis revealed that both P and AS enhanced the expression of the genes encoding metallothionein (MT) family proteins, inflammatory factors, and T helper (Th) 17 cytokine and suppressed that of those encoding Th2 cytokines in stimulated T cells. The kinetics of MT1 and MT2A gene expression showed a transient increase in MT1 and maintenance of MT2A mRNA after T cell stimulation in the presence of AS. The kinetics of Th17-related cytokine secretion in the early period were comparable to those of MT2A mRNA. Furthermore, our findings revealed that static, a STAT-3 inhibitor, significantly suppressed MT2A gene expression. These findings suggest that the expression of MTs is involved in the immune regulatory function of C-KJ components, which is partially regulated by Th17 responses, and may help develop innovative immunoregulatory drugs or functional foods.
Biology and Life Sciences, Immunology and Microbiology
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