Review
Version 2
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The Unified Instinct of Top-Down and Bottom-Up Attention
Version 1
: Received: 28 May 2024 / Approved: 29 May 2024 / Online: 29 May 2024 (08:33:48 CEST)
Version 2 : Received: 14 August 2024 / Approved: 15 August 2024 / Online: 15 August 2024 (06:28:27 CEST)
Version 2 : Received: 14 August 2024 / Approved: 15 August 2024 / Online: 15 August 2024 (06:28:27 CEST)
How to cite: Saghravanian, S. J. The Unified Instinct of Top-Down and Bottom-Up Attention. Preprints 2024, 2024051904. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202405.1904.v2 Saghravanian, S. J. The Unified Instinct of Top-Down and Bottom-Up Attention. Preprints 2024, 2024051904. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202405.1904.v2
Abstract
The neural system has limited resources to interact with the environment, and this is where attention comes into play. Attention is a complex process that provides numerous benefits, but there has been a longstanding debate about the mechanisms involved in attentional orientation. Two widely proposed mechanisms are top-down and bottom-up, which relate to the organism's current behavioral goal and the salience of environmental stimuli, respectively. However, distinguishing between these mechanisms can be challenging in both behavioral and neural studies. This review introduces a new conceptualization in which both top-down and bottom-up mechanisms are viewed as aspects of the same process. This unified approach aims to prepare the organism to face stimuli and events based on its prior experiences, immediate (the current task that he/she is aware of), and innate (to be alive) demands.
Keywords
Exogenous Attention; Endogenous Attention; Goal-Directed; Stimulus Driven; Selection; Competition
Subject
Biology and Life Sciences, Behavioral Sciences
Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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