The Indissociable Triad: Vascular Impairment, Muscle Atrophy, and Cognitive Decline

Enzo Pereira de Lima; Masaru Tanaka; Caroline Barbalho Lamas; Karina Quesada; Claudia Rucco P. Detregiachi; Adriano Cressoni Araújo; Elen Landgraf Guiguer; Virgínia Maria Cavallari Strozze Catharin; Marcela Vialogo Marques de Castro; Edgar Baldi Junior; Bruna Fidencio Rahal Ferraz; Vitor Cavallari Strozze Catharin; Lucas Fornari Laurindo; Sandra Maria Barbalho

doi:10.20944/preprints202408.0728.v1

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preprints.org > medicine and pharmacology > neuroscience and neurology > doi: 10.20944/preprints202408.0728.v1 (registering DOI)

Preprint Review Version 1 This version is not peer-reviewed

The Indissociable Triad: Vascular Impairment, Muscle Atrophy, and Cognitive Decline

Enzo Pereira de Lima

Masaru Tanaka

^* ,

Caroline Barbalho Lamas

Karina Quesada

Claudia Rucco P. Detregiachi

Adriano Cressoni Araújo

Elen Landgraf Guiguer

Virgínia Maria Cavallari Strozze Catharin

Marcela Vialogo Marques de Castro

Edgar Baldi Junior

Bruna Fidencio Rahal Ferraz

Vitor Cavallari Strozze Catharin

Lucas Fornari Laurindo

Sandra Maria Barbalho

Version 1 : Received: 9 August 2024 / Approved: 9 August 2024 / Online: 12 August 2024 (15:58:14 CEST)

How to cite: de Lima, E. P.; Tanaka, M.; Lamas, C. B.; Quesada, K.; Detregiachi, C. R. P.; Araújo, A. C.; Guiguer, E. L.; Catharin, V. M. C. S.; de Castro, M. V. M.; Junior, E. B.; Ferraz, B. F. R.; Catharin, V. C. S.; Laurindo, L. F.; Barbalho, S. M. The Indissociable Triad: Vascular Impairment, Muscle Atrophy, and Cognitive Decline. Preprints 2024, 2024080728. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202408.0728.v1 de Lima, E. P.; Tanaka, M.; Lamas, C. B.; Quesada, K.; Detregiachi, C. R. P.; Araújo, A. C.; Guiguer, E. L.; Catharin, V. M. C. S.; de Castro, M. V. M.; Junior, E. B.; Ferraz, B. F. R.; Catharin, V. C. S.; Laurindo, L. F.; Barbalho, S. M. The Indissociable Triad: Vascular Impairment, Muscle Atrophy, and Cognitive Decline. Preprints 2024, 2024080728. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202408.0728.v1

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MDPI and ACS Style

de Lima, E. P.; Tanaka, M.; Lamas, C. B.; Quesada, K.; Detregiachi, C. R. P.; Araújo, A. C.; Guiguer, E. L.; Catharin, V. M. C. S.; de Castro, M. V. M.; Junior, E. B.; Ferraz, B. F. R.; Catharin, V. C. S.; Laurindo, L. F.; Barbalho, S. M. The Indissociable Triad: Vascular Impairment, Muscle Atrophy, and Cognitive Decline. Preprints 2024, 2024080728. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202408.0728.v1

APA Style

de Lima, E. P., Tanaka, M., Lamas, C. B., Quesada, K., Detregiachi, C. R. P., Araújo, A. C., Guiguer, E. L., Catharin, V. M. C. S., de Castro, M. V. M., Junior, E. B., Ferraz, B. F. R., Catharin, V. C. S., Laurindo, L. F., & Barbalho, S. M. (2024). The Indissociable Triad: Vascular Impairment, Muscle Atrophy, and Cognitive Decline. Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202408.0728.v1

Chicago/Turabian Style

de Lima, E. P., Lucas Fornari Laurindo and Sandra Maria Barbalho. 2024 "The Indissociable Triad: Vascular Impairment, Muscle Atrophy, and Cognitive Decline" Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202408.0728.v1

Abstract

The triad of vascular impairment, muscle atrophy, and cognitive decline represents critical age-related conditions that significantly impact health. Vascular impairment disrupts blood flow, precipitating muscle mass reduction seen in sarcopenia and the decline of neuronal functions characteristic of neurodegeneration. Our limited understanding of the intricate relationships within this triad hinders accurate diagnosis and effective treatment strategies. This review ana-lyzes the interrelated mechanisms that contribute to these conditions, with a specific focus on ox-idative stress, chronic inflammation, and impaired nutrient delivery. The aim is to understand the common pathways involved and to suggest comprehensive therapeutic approaches. Vascular dysfunctions hinder the circulation of blood and the transportation of nutrients, resulting in sar-copenia characterized by muscle atrophy and weakness. Vascular dysfunction and sarcopenia have a negative impact on physical function and quality of life. Neurodegenerative diseases exhibit comparable pathophysiological mechanisms that affect cognitive and motor functions. Preventive and therapeutic approaches encompass lifestyle adjustments, addressing oxidative stress, in-flammation, and integrated therapies that focus on improving vascular and muscular well-being. Better understanding of these links can refine therapeutic strategies and yield better patient out-comes. This study emphasizes the complex interplay between vascular dysfunction, muscle de-generation, and cognitive decline, highlighting the necessity for multidisciplinary treatment ap-proaches. Advances in this domain promise improved diagnostic accuracy, more effective thera-peutic options, and enhanced preventive measures, all contributing to a higher quality of life for the elderly population.

Keywords

vascular diseases; vascular atrophy; cognitive dysfunction; neurodegenerative diseases; oxidative stress; inflammation; aging; insulin resistance; nutrients; comorbidity

Subject

Medicine and Pharmacology, Neuroscience and Neurology

Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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