Isha, I.; Ali, S.; Khalid, A.; Naseer, I. A.; Raza, H.; Chang, Y.-C. Bioremediation of Smog; Current Trends and Future Perspectives. Preprints2024, 2024082031. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202408.2031.v1
APA Style
Isha, I., Ali, S., Khalid, A., Naseer, I. A., Raza, H., & Chang, Y. C. (2024). Bioremediation of Smog; Current Trends and Future Perspectives. Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202408.2031.v1
Chicago/Turabian Style
Isha, I., Hassan Raza and Young-Cheol Chang. 2024 "Bioremediation of Smog; Current Trends and Future Perspectives" Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202408.2031.v1
Abstract
Air pollution has become one of the biggest problems throughout the world. Smog has a severe effect on the pulmonary and circulatory systems, which causes a significant number of deaths globally. Therefore, the remediation of air pollutants to maintain ecosystem processes and functions and to improve human health is a crucial problem confronting mankind today. This review aims to discuss the health effects of smog on humans. This review will also focus on the bioremediation of air pollution (smog) using bacteria, fungi, phytoremediation, nanotechnology, and phylloremediation (using plants and microbes). Phyllo-remediation is the most effective technology for removing air pollution naturally. The future perspective presents a great need to produce an ecosystem where microbes, plants, and nanoparticles synergistically control smog. In addition, further advancements would be needed to modify the genetic makeup of microbes and plants. Biotechnological approaches like CRISPR-Cas9 can be applied to the editing and cutting specific genes responsible for the bioremediation of VOCs, NOx, SOx, and harmful hydrocarbons. The extracted genes can then be expressed in biologically modified microorganisms and plants for enhanced bioremediation of smog.
Keywords
Bioremediation; microbes; smog; air pollution; nanoremediation; phylloremediation
Subject
Environmental and Earth Sciences, Environmental Science
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
