Version 1
: Received: 29 August 2024 / Approved: 29 August 2024 / Online: 30 August 2024 (10:54:10 CEST)
How to cite:
Pino, O.; Rossi, M.; Malvezzi, M. C. Does Trauma Change the Way Individuals with Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) Deal with Positive Stimuli?. Preprints2024, 2024082189. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202408.2189.v1
Pino, O.; Rossi, M.; Malvezzi, M. C. Does Trauma Change the Way Individuals with Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) Deal with Positive Stimuli?. Preprints 2024, 2024082189. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202408.2189.v1
Pino, O.; Rossi, M.; Malvezzi, M. C. Does Trauma Change the Way Individuals with Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) Deal with Positive Stimuli?. Preprints2024, 2024082189. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202408.2189.v1
APA Style
Pino, O., Rossi, M., & Malvezzi, M. C. (2024). Does Trauma Change the Way Individuals with Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) Deal with Positive Stimuli?. Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202408.2189.v1
Chicago/Turabian Style
Pino, O., Maurizio Rossi and Matteo Charles Malvezzi. 2024 "Does Trauma Change the Way Individuals with Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) Deal with Positive Stimuli?" Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202408.2189.v1
Abstract
(1) Background: although current theories of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) had focused on depressed mood and intrusion, the mechanism through which depression increases the risk of PTSD remains unclear. Research has concentrated on the hyper-active negative valence system (NVS) (e.g., increased fear and threat responses), but a significant role for hypo-active positive valence system (PVS) (e.g., less neural activation towards rewards) was conceivable. (2) Methods: To investigate the implicit processing in a refugee’s sample, ratings of arousal, dominance, and valence for 60 IAPS pictures (positive, neutral, and negative) were collected from 42 individuals with probable PTSD, and 26 trauma-exposed individuals (M age = 28.49 years, SD = ± 7.78). (3) Results: ANOVAs revealed a main group effect (η2p = 0.379) on arousal, dominance, and valence dimensions, and pictures’ categories (η2p = 0.620). Participants with PTSD responded to unpleasant images with enhanced arousal and lower valence ratings compared with individuals without PTSD. Moreover, arousal ratings were negatively correlated with valence (r = - 0.709, p < 0.01). (4) Conclusions: Our findings supported evidence according to which PTSD origins a state of maladaptive hyperarousal and difficulties in regulating emotions. Positive stimuli are considered less pleasant providing evidence for a complementary involvement of NVS and PVS in PTSD development.
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
