Version 1
: Received: 12 September 2024 / Approved: 13 September 2024 / Online: 13 September 2024 (09:37:15 CEST)
How to cite:
Murkute*, C.; Sayeed, M.; Pucha-Cofrep, F.; Rojas, G. C.; Homeier, J.; Limberger, O.; Fries, A.; Bendix, J.; Trachte, K. Turbulent Energy and Carbon Fluxes in an Andean Montane Forest - Energy Balance and Heat Storage. Preprints2024, 2024091065. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202409.1065.v1
Murkute*, C.; Sayeed, M.; Pucha-Cofrep, F.; Rojas, G. C.; Homeier, J.; Limberger, O.; Fries, A.; Bendix, J.; Trachte, K. Turbulent Energy and Carbon Fluxes in an Andean Montane Forest - Energy Balance and Heat Storage. Preprints 2024, 2024091065. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202409.1065.v1
Murkute*, C.; Sayeed, M.; Pucha-Cofrep, F.; Rojas, G. C.; Homeier, J.; Limberger, O.; Fries, A.; Bendix, J.; Trachte, K. Turbulent Energy and Carbon Fluxes in an Andean Montane Forest - Energy Balance and Heat Storage. Preprints2024, 2024091065. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202409.1065.v1
APA Style
Murkute*, C., Sayeed, M., Pucha-Cofrep, F., Rojas, G. C., Homeier, J., Limberger, O., Fries, A., Bendix, J., & Trachte, K. (2024). Turbulent Energy and Carbon Fluxes in an Andean Montane Forest - Energy Balance and Heat Storage. Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202409.1065.v1
Chicago/Turabian Style
Murkute*, C., Jörg Bendix and Katja Trachte. 2024 "Turbulent Energy and Carbon Fluxes in an Andean Montane Forest - Energy Balance and Heat Storage" Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202409.1065.v1
Abstract
High mountain rainforests are vital in the global energy and carbon cycle. Understanding the exchange of energy and carbon plays an important role to reflect responses to climate change. In this study, an eddy-covariance (EC) measurement system installed in the high Andean Mountains of South Ecuador was used. As EC measurements are affected by heterogeneous topography and vegetation height, the main objective was to estimate the effect of the sloped terrain and the forest on the turbulent energy and carbon fluxes considering the energy balance closure (EBC) and the heat storage. The results showed that the performance of the EBC was generally good and estimated to be 79.5%. This could be improved when the heat storage effect was considered. Based on the variability of the residuals in the diel modifications in the imbalances were highlighted. Particularly, during daytime residuals were largest (56.9 W/m² on average) with a clear overestimation. At nighttime mean imbalances were rather weak (6.5 W/m²) and mostly positive, while strongest underestimations developed in the transition period to morning hours (down to -100 W/m²). With respect to the Monin-Obukhov stability parameter ((z-d)/L) and the friction velocity (u*) it was revealed that largest overestimations evolved in weak unstable and very stable conditions associated with large u* values. In contrast, underestimation was related to very unstable conditions. The estimated carbon fluxes were independently modelled with a non-linear regression using a light-response relationship and reached a good performance (R²=0.52). All fluxes were additionally examined in the annual course to estimate whether both, energy and carbon fluxes, resembled the microclimatological conditions of the study site. This unique study demonstrated that EC measurements provide valuable insights into land surface -atmosphere interactions and contribute to our understanding of energy and carbon exchanges. Moreover, the flux data provide an important basis to validate coupled atmosphere ecosystem models.
Keywords
energy balance closure; heat storage; carbon fluxes; eddy covariance; Andes Mountains
Subject
Environmental and Earth Sciences, Atmospheric Science and Meteorology
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
