Preprint Article Version 1 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

Development of a Rapid Detection Method for Ethylene Glycol and Glycolic Acid in Feline Samples: A Response to Increasing Antifreeze Poisoning Incidents in Korea

HyunYoung Chae
,
Jae Won Byun
,
Go-Eun Shin
ORCID logo ,
Kyunghyun Lee
,
Ah-Young Kim
ORCID logo ,
Bok-Kyung Ku
ORCID logo ,
Md Akil Hossain
ORCID logo ,
Tae-Wan Kim
,
JeongWoo Kang
* ORCID logo
Version 1 : Received: 20 September 2024 / Approved: 20 September 2024 / Online: 21 September 2024 (06:15:31 CEST)

How to cite: Chae, H.; Byun, J. W.; Shin, G.-E.; Lee, K.; Kim, A.-Y.; Ku, B.-K.; Hossain, M. A.; Kim, T.-W.; Kang, J. Development of a Rapid Detection Method for Ethylene Glycol and Glycolic Acid in Feline Samples: A Response to Increasing Antifreeze Poisoning Incidents in Korea. Preprints 2024, 2024091653. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202409.1653.v1 Chae, H.; Byun, J. W.; Shin, G.-E.; Lee, K.; Kim, A.-Y.; Ku, B.-K.; Hossain, M. A.; Kim, T.-W.; Kang, J. Development of a Rapid Detection Method for Ethylene Glycol and Glycolic Acid in Feline Samples: A Response to Increasing Antifreeze Poisoning Incidents in Korea. Preprints 2024, 2024091653. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202409.1653.v1

Abstract

Recently, cases of antifreeze poisoning in companion animals, particularly cats, have surged in the Republic of Korea. Ethylene glycol (EG), the toxic primary component of antifreeze, is metabolized into glycolic acid (GA), leading to severe conditions such as metabolic acidosis and acute renal failure. Traditional detection methods, although effective, are often time-consuming owing to complex sample preparation. This study involved a novel analytical method utilizing GC-MS for EG and LC-MS/MS for GA detection, which streamlined the detection process by eliminating the need for derivatization. The method was validated for accuracy and reliability, enabling the rapid and precise identification of EG and GA in biological samples. The study also included the successful application of this method in a case where initial exposure to antifreeze was not apparent, which highlighted the effectiveness of this method in diagnosing poisoning even in cases where clinical history is unclear. The development of this rapid diagnostic approach addresses the urgent need for the efficient detection of antifreeze poisoning, improving animal welfare and supporting forensic investigations.

Keywords

Antifreeze poisoning; Ethylene glycol; Glycolic acid; Rapid determination method

Subject

Chemistry and Materials Science, Analytical Chemistry

Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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