Preprint Article Version 1 This version is not peer-reviewed

Determination of PAH Contamination in Breast Milk Samples from Hungarian Volunteering Mothers, Using HPLC/FLD

Bernard Collins Anditi
ORCID logo ,
Viktória Poór
,
Dénes Szerencsés
,
István Szabó
ORCID logo ,
Mátyás Wahr
,
Anikó Kőnig-Péter
ORCID logo ,
Timea Dergez
*
Version 1 : Received: 26 September 2024 / Approved: 26 September 2024 / Online: 26 September 2024 (16:00:35 CEST)

How to cite: Anditi, B. C.; Poór, V.; Szerencsés, D.; Szabó, I.; Wahr, M.; Kőnig-Péter, A.; Dergez, T. Determination of PAH Contamination in Breast Milk Samples from Hungarian Volunteering Mothers, Using HPLC/FLD. Preprints 2024, 2024092146. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202409.2146.v1 Anditi, B. C.; Poór, V.; Szerencsés, D.; Szabó, I.; Wahr, M.; Kőnig-Péter, A.; Dergez, T. Determination of PAH Contamination in Breast Milk Samples from Hungarian Volunteering Mothers, Using HPLC/FLD. Preprints 2024, 2024092146. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202409.2146.v1

Abstract

(1) Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are hazardous organic compounds with known carcinogenic and toxic properties. Exposure to PAHs occurs through various sources, including diet, inhalation, and skin contact, and they can transfer into breast milk following maternal exposure, potentially endangering breastfeeding infants. (2) This study aimed to determine the PAH content in breast milk samples from 50 Hungarian mothers using high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection (HPLC/FLD). The carcinogenic risk to infants was estimated using the Incremental Life Risk Calculation (IRCL) model. (3) Total PAH concentrations ranged from 0 to 78 ng/mL, with fluorene (5.3 ng/mL), phenanthrene (3.2 ng/mL), and pyrene (2.5 ng/mL) being the most abundant. PAHs were detected in 48 of the 50 samples, with phenanthrene present in 92% of samples. Dibenzo (a,h)anthracene was not detected. (4) Based on IRCL calculations, 10% of the samples were classified as safe, while 88% presented an acceptable carcinogenic risk for infants. Statistical analysis of questionnaires completed by the mothers indicated that factors such as diet, residence, and education may influence PAH levels in breast milk.

Keywords

polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH); HPLC-FLD; breast milk; total PAHs; Incremental Life Risk Calculation (IRCL)

Subject

Biology and Life Sciences, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Download PDF

Comments (0)

We encourage comments and feedback from a broad range of readers. See criteria for comments and our Diversity statement.

Leave a public comment
Send a private comment to the author(s)
* All users must log in before leaving a comment
Views 0
Downloads 0
Comments 0
Get PDF Cite Share 0
Bookmark BibSonomy Mendeley Reddit Delicious
×
Alerts
Notify me about updates to this article or when a peer-reviewed version is published.
We use cookies on our website to ensure you get the best experience.
Read more about our cookies here.