Preprint Review Version 1 This version is not peer-reviewed

Pancreatic Morphology, Immunology and the Pathogenesis of Acute Pancreatitis

Tudorel Mihoc
ORCID logo ,
Silviu Constantin Latcu
* ,
Cosmin-Ciprian Secasan
,
Vlad Dema
,
Alin Adrian Cumpanas
,
Mircea Selaru
,
Catalin Alexandru Pirvu
,
Andrei Paul Valceanu
ORCID logo ,
Flavia Zara
,
Cristina-Stefania Dumitru
,
Dorin Novacescu
,
Stelian Pantea
ORCID logo
Version 1 : Received: 15 October 2024 / Approved: 15 October 2024 / Online: 15 October 2024 (20:39:39 CEST)

How to cite: Mihoc, T.; Latcu, S. C.; Secasan, C.-C.; Dema, V.; Cumpanas, A. A.; Selaru, M.; Pirvu, C. A.; Valceanu, A. P.; Zara, F.; Dumitru, C.-S.; Novacescu, D.; Pantea, S. Pancreatic Morphology, Immunology and the Pathogenesis of Acute Pancreatitis. Preprints 2024, 2024101226. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202410.1226.v1 Mihoc, T.; Latcu, S. C.; Secasan, C.-C.; Dema, V.; Cumpanas, A. A.; Selaru, M.; Pirvu, C. A.; Valceanu, A. P.; Zara, F.; Dumitru, C.-S.; Novacescu, D.; Pantea, S. Pancreatic Morphology, Immunology and the Pathogenesis of Acute Pancreatitis. Preprints 2024, 2024101226. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202410.1226.v1

Abstract

Acute pancreatitis is a complex inflammatory disorder with significant morbidity and mortality. This review aims to integrate current knowledge of pancreatic morphology and immunology with the pathogenesis of acute pancreatitis, providing a comprehensive understanding of this critical condition. We conducted an extensive literature review, synthesizing data from recent studies and authoritative sources on pancreatic anatomy, histology, immunology, and the pathophysiology of acute pancreatitis. We also incorporated epidemiological data, clinical features, diagnostic criteria, and prognostic factors. The pancreas exhibits a complex morphology with intricate interactions between its exocrine and endocrine components. Its unique immunological landscape plays a crucial role in maintaining homeostasis and orchestrating responses to pathological conditions. In acute pancreatitis, disruption of intracellular calcium signaling leads to premature enzyme activation, triggering a cascade of events including mitochondrial dysfunction, ATP depletion, and release of pro-inflammatory mediators. This process can escalate from localized inflammation to systemic complications. The interplay between pancreatic morphology, immune responses, and pathophysiological mechanisms contributes to the varied clinical presentations and outcomes observed in acute pancreatitis. Understanding the intricate relationships between pancreatic morphology, immunology, and the pathogenesis of acute pancreatitis is crucial for developing more effective diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. This integrated approach provides new insights into the complex nature of acute pancreatitis and may guide future research directions in pancreatic disorders.

Keywords

acute pancreatitis biology; gross anatomy; pancreatic histology; inflammation and immunology; diagnostics; histopathology; biomarkers; drug discovery; epidemiology and etiology; embryology

Subject

Medicine and Pharmacology, Gastroenterology and Hepatology

Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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