Preprint Article Version 1 This version is not peer-reviewed

Photocatalytic Degradation of Methyl Orange and Metoprolol by Novel Ternary Photocatalyst TiO2-ZnO/g-C3N4 under UV and Visible Light

Version 1 : Received: 29 October 2024 / Approved: 30 October 2024 / Online: 31 October 2024 (11:28:10 CET)

How to cite: González-Vázquez, M. Y.; Carrillo-Martínez, C. J.; Pinedo-Escobar, J. A.; Escalante-García, I. L.; Martínez, A. S.; González-Rodríguez, L. M.; Cancino-Trejo, F.; Gomez-Solis, C.; Araiza, D. G. Photocatalytic Degradation of Methyl Orange and Metoprolol by Novel Ternary Photocatalyst TiO2-ZnO/g-C3N4 under UV and Visible Light. Preprints 2024, 2024102481. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202410.2481.v1 González-Vázquez, M. Y.; Carrillo-Martínez, C. J.; Pinedo-Escobar, J. A.; Escalante-García, I. L.; Martínez, A. S.; González-Rodríguez, L. M.; Cancino-Trejo, F.; Gomez-Solis, C.; Araiza, D. G. Photocatalytic Degradation of Methyl Orange and Metoprolol by Novel Ternary Photocatalyst TiO2-ZnO/g-C3N4 under UV and Visible Light. Preprints 2024, 2024102481. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202410.2481.v1

Abstract

Novel ternary photocatalyst TiO₂-ZnO/g-C₃N₄ was synthesized via a ball milling-assisted sol-gel method and its photocatalytic performance was tasted in photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange (MO) and metoprolol (MTP) under UV and Visible light. The samples were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), UV-visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV-Vis DRS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and nitrogen physisorption. Optical measurements confirmed that the combination of TiO₂, ZnO, and g-C₃N₄ extended the visible light absorption to 2.63 eV. SEM and FTIR revealed correct coupling between the three semiconductors, and hole density analysis suggested a synergistic effect reducing charge recombination. Additionally, reuse tests demonstrated the chemical stability of the material. In terms of pollutant degradation, the TiO₂-ZnO/g-C₃N₄ composite efficiently removed 97.75% of MO under UV-LED light and 98.57% under visible light in 300 minutes. Similarly, MTP degradation test reached 86.42% and 86.08% under UV-LED and visible light, respectively, after 300 minutes. These results highlight the material's potential for environmental applications, particularly in contaminant removal through photocatalysis.

Keywords

Emerging pollutants; metoprolol; heterojunction; photocatalysis; zinc oxide; titanium dioxide; graphitic carbon nitride

Subject

Chemistry and Materials Science, Chemical Engineering

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