Version 1
: Received: 2 November 2024 / Approved: 4 November 2024 / Online: 4 November 2024 (09:20:54 CET)
How to cite:
BIELECKA-KOWALSKA, N. P.; LEWKOWICZ, N. How Fish and Shark-Derived Oils Affect Antiviral Immune Response – a Narrative Review. Preprints2024, 2024110164. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202411.0164.v1
BIELECKA-KOWALSKA, N. P.; LEWKOWICZ, N. How Fish and Shark-Derived Oils Affect Antiviral Immune Response – a Narrative Review. Preprints 2024, 2024110164. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202411.0164.v1
BIELECKA-KOWALSKA, N. P.; LEWKOWICZ, N. How Fish and Shark-Derived Oils Affect Antiviral Immune Response – a Narrative Review. Preprints2024, 2024110164. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202411.0164.v1
APA Style
BIELECKA-KOWALSKA, N. P., & LEWKOWICZ, N. (2024). How Fish and Shark-Derived Oils Affect Antiviral Immune Response – a Narrative Review. Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202411.0164.v1
Chicago/Turabian Style
BIELECKA-KOWALSKA, N. P. and NATALIA LEWKOWICZ. 2024 "How Fish and Shark-Derived Oils Affect Antiviral Immune Response – a Narrative Review" Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202411.0164.v1
Abstract
Abstract: Background/Objectives: For years, research has been conducted on the relationship between anti-inflammatory diets and the incidence and risk of various diseases. In recent years, much attention has been paid to the beneficial effects of fish oil (FO) or shark liver oil (SLO) consumption, which is increasingly being used clinically. Health benefits of FO have been asso-ciated mainly with omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs), but also alkylglycerols (AKGs) and squalene. n-3 PUFAs, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), the main components of FO, have been shown interfere with host immunity, but also various stages of viral infection, particularly viral entry and replication. Methods: In this narrative review we tried to answer the question on the role of n-3 PUFAs, AKGs and squalene in modulation of antiviral response based on the available literature from 2001 to 2023, starting from in vitro and ex vivo studies through animal studies coming up to the human studies. Conclusions: In general, DHA and EPA have an inhibitory effect on the activation of both innate and adaptive immune cells, while squalene and AKGs were shown to enhance antimicrobial and antitumor immune response.
Medicine and Pharmacology, Dietetics and Nutrition
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
