Version 1
: Received: 4 November 2024 / Approved: 5 November 2024 / Online: 5 November 2024 (14:32:20 CET)
How to cite:
Islam, M. M.; Jung, D. E.; Shin, W. S.; Oh, M. H. Colistin Resistance Mechanism and Management Strategies of Colistin-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii Infections. Preprints2024, 2024110337. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202411.0337.v1
Islam, M. M.; Jung, D. E.; Shin, W. S.; Oh, M. H. Colistin Resistance Mechanism and Management Strategies of Colistin-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii Infections. Preprints 2024, 2024110337. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202411.0337.v1
Islam, M. M.; Jung, D. E.; Shin, W. S.; Oh, M. H. Colistin Resistance Mechanism and Management Strategies of Colistin-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii Infections. Preprints2024, 2024110337. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202411.0337.v1
APA Style
Islam, M. M., Jung, D. E., Shin, W. S., & Oh, M. H. (2024). Colistin Resistance Mechanism and Management Strategies of Colistin-Resistant <em>Acinetobacter baumannii</em> Infections. Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202411.0337.v1
Chicago/Turabian Style
Islam, M. M., Woo Shik Shin and Man Hwan Oh. 2024 "Colistin Resistance Mechanism and Management Strategies of Colistin-Resistant <em>Acinetobacter baumannii</em> Infections" Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202411.0337.v1
Abstract
The emergence of antibiotic-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (A. baumannii) is a pressing threat in clinical settings. As the last line of defense, colistin is currently widely used to treat multidrug-resistant A. baumannii. Unfortunately colistin-resistant phenotypes in A.baumannii isolates have also been reported, highlighting the desperate need to develop alternative medications to address these serious bugs. To resist colistin, A. baumannii has developed several mechanisms. These include the loss of outer membrane lipopolysaccharide (LPS) due to mutation of LPS biosynthetic genes, modification of lipid A (a constituent of LPS) structure through the addition of phosphoethanolamine (PEtN) moieties to the lipid A component by overexpression of chromosomal pmrCAB operon genes and eptA gene, or acquisition plasmid-encoded mcr genes through horizontal gene transfer. Other resistance mechanisms involve alterations of outer membrane permeability through porins, expulsion of colistin by efflux pumps and heteroresistance. In response to the rising threat of colistin-resistant A. baumannii, researchers have developed various treatment strategies, including antibiotic combination therapy, adjuvants to potentiate antibiotic activity, repurposing existing drugs, antimicrobial peptides, nanotechnology, photodynamic therapy, CRISPR/Cas and phage therapy. While many of these strategies have shown promise in vitro and in vivo, further clinical trials are necessary to ensure their efficacy and widen their clinical applications. Ongoing research is crucial to identify optimal therapeutic strategies for managing colistin-resistant A. baumannii. This review explores the genetic mechanisms underlying colistin resistance and assesses potential treatment options for this challenging pathogen.
Keywords
Colistin; antibiotic resistant; A. baumannii; mutation; lipid A
Subject
Medicine and Pharmacology, Epidemiology and Infectious Diseases
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
