Solid-state Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy has become an invaluable tool for elucidating the structural, dynamic, and compositional properties of chemical compounds across various fields, from organic and inorganic chemistry to materials science. This review summarizes recent advancements in solid-state NMR techniques, including high-field NMR, magic-angle spinning (MAS), and multidimensional approaches, which have significantly enhanced spectral resolution and sensitivity. The review explores applications in studying crystalline and amorphous compounds, probing atomic-level structure, and investigating molecular dynamics critical to catalysts, polymers, pharmaceuticals, and complex hybrid materials. Additionally, it highlights the synergy between solid-state NMR and other characterization methods, such as X-ray diffraction and electron microscopy, which together provide a comprehensive understanding of material properties. Concluding with an outlook on future developments, this review underscores solid-state NMR’s growing impact on molecular and materials characterization.