Abstract

This study explores the relationship between thermodynamic principles and the temporal dynamics of brain wave configurations, focusing on the processes underlying thought, sensation, and motor acts. By conceptualizing brain activity as a dynamic system that minimizes free energy, we analyze how energy landscapes govern transitions between cognitive states. Brain wave oscillations, including alpha, beta, theta, and gamma rhythms, are modeled as time-dependent attractors that reflect neural efficiency in processing sensory input and generating motor output. Additionally, we explore the thermodynamic time scales of thought (milliseconds to seconds), sensation (milliseconds), and motor acts (tens to hundreds of milliseconds), revealing how neural systems optimize energy dissipation during these processes. This interdisciplinary approach integrates neural dynamics, thermodynamic laws, and cognitive neuroscience to offer insights into the energetic constraints that shape mental and physical actions.