Nawal El Saadawi’s groundbreaking novel Two Women in One presents the arduous journey of Bahiah Shaheen, an 18-year-old medical student, as she navigates the complex terrain of self-discovery and self-assertion within the confines of a patriarchal Egyptian society. This comprehensive research paper offers a meticulous textual analysis of Bahiah’s quest for self-realization, illuminating the nuances of El Saadawi’s feminist agenda and the universal struggle of women to forge autonomous identities. Grounded in feminist literary criticism and relevant theoretical frameworks, the study examines Bahiah’s confrontations with patriarchal authority, societal gender norms, and familial expectations. The analysis situates the narrative within the socio-political context of post-colonial Egypt, underscoring the intersections of gender, culture, and national identity. Through a close reading of the text, the paper explores Bahiah’s evolving self-awareness and her interactions with the “other,” highlighting the complexities of female identity formation. The protagonist’s defiant acts of resistance, culminating in her dramatic desertion of an arranged marriage, are analyzed as powerful symbols of her refusal to be subjugated by the patriarchal order. This comprehensive analysis contributes to the scholarly discourse on Nawal El Saadawi’s feminist literature, inviting further exploration of the emancipatory potential of her narratives and their relevance to contemporary feminist movements.