Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Vaccination Coverage in Ecuador: A Pre- and Post-Pandemic Comparative Analysis

This study examines the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on vaccination coverage in Ecuador, analyzing trends before (2019) and during the pandemic (2020-2021). Using data from the Ministry of Public Health and the National Institute of Statistics and Censuses, the study compares routine childhood vaccination coverage and COVID-19 vaccination efforts. Results indicate a significant decline in routine vaccination coverage during the pandemic, with reductions observed for vaccines such as BCG, pentavalent, pneumococcal, and rotavirus. Furthermore, the study highlights socioeconomic and geographical disparities in COVID-19 vaccine coverage, with vulnerable populations facing challenges in accessing vaccination. In conclusion, the pandemic has negatively impacted routine immunization programs in Ecuador; addressing disparities in access is crucial for improving overall vaccination coverage and public health outcomes.