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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.0797.v1

CRYSTAL GROWTH AND SPECTROSCOPY OF Yb2+ DOPED CsI SINGLE CRYSTAL

Dmitriy Sofich, Alexandra Myasnikova, Alexander Bogdanov, Viktorija Pankratova, Vladimir Pankratov, Ekaterina Kaneva, Roman Yu. Shendrik

Subject: Physical Sciences, Condensed Matter Physics Keywords: cesium iodide; ytterbium; luminescence; single crystal; Czochralski method

Online: 13 May 2024 (07:48:17 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201906.0095.v1

Atomic and Molecular Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy of Selected Pharmaceuticals

Pravin Kumar Tiwari, Nilesh K. Rai, Rohit Kumar, Christian G. Parigger, Awadhesh Kumar RAI

Subject: Physical Sciences, Optics And Photonics Keywords: paracetamol; laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy; cyanide; carbon Swan bands; principal component analysis; Raman spectroscopy; Fourier-Transform-infra-red spectroscopy

Online: 11 June 2019 (10:42:58 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201705.0106.v1

Flavonoid and Antioxidant Capacity of Propolis Prediction Usingnear Infrared Spectroscopy

Eddy Betances-Salcedo, Isabel Revilla, Ana M. Vivar-Quintana, M. Inmaculada González-Martín

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: propolis; NIR spectroscopy; flavonoids; antioxidant capacity

Online: 12 May 2017 (05:53:14 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.0143.v1

Development of Potential Slip Surface Identification Model for Active Deep-seated Landslide Sites: A Case Study in Taiwan

Shih-Meng Hsu, Chun-Chia Hsiung, Yu-Jia Chiu, Yi-Fan Liao, Jie-Ru Lin

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: disturbed rock formation; landslide slip surface; hydraulic conductivity; principle component analysis; geological indicators

Online: 3 September 2024 (11:35:27 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.1187.v1

Toward Enhanced Plant Immunity: Unveiling the Role of Brassinosteroids in Abiotic and Biotic Stress Response

Barbara Sawicka*, Piotr Barbaś, Bernadetta Bienia, Dominika Skiba, Piotr Pszczółkowski, Barbara Krochmal-Marczak

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: plant hormones; gene expression; BR functions; antimicrobial actions; immunity mechanisms; plant stress

Online: 21 February 2024 (04:00:51 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.0401.v1

The Effect of Hardwood Veneer Densification on Plywood Density, Surface Hardness, and Screw Withdrawal Capacity

Heikko Kallakas, Tolgay Akkurt, Alexander Scharf, Fred Mühls, Anti Rohumaa, Jaan Kers

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Paper, Wood And Textiles Keywords: veneer; plywood; densification; density; screw withdrawal capacity; Brinell hardness

Online: 7 June 2024 (02:48:36 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0642.v1

Near-Surface Dispersion and Current Observations by Dye, Drifter, and HF Radar in Coastal Water

Keunyong Kim, Tran Thi My Hong, Kyu‐Min Song, Yeong Baek Son, Young-Gyu Park, Geun-Ho Kwak, Jun Myoung Choi

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Remote Sensing Keywords: Surface current; contaminant dispersion; dye; drifter; HF radar

Online: 9 April 2024 (11:51:13 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202103.0330.v1

EndoScreen Chip: Serum Complement C9 Immunoassays Improve Risk Prediction and Early Diagnosis of Esophageal Adenocarcinoma

Julie A. Webster, Alain Wuethrich, Karthik B. Shanmugasundaram, Renee S. Richards, Wioleta M. Zelek, Alok K. Shah, Louisa Gordon, Bradley J. Kendall, Gunter Hartel, B. Paul Morgan, Matt Trau, Michelle M. Hill

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: Barrett’s esophagus; biomarker; surveillance; screening; surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy; SERS; complement component; liquid biopsy; lectin; glycoprotein.

Online: 12 March 2021 (08:03:55 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.0688.v1

Characterization of Micro-threaded Stem Taper Surface of Cementless Hip Endoprostheses

Drago Dolinar, Boštjan Kocjančič, Klemen Avsec, Barbara Šetina Batič, Aleksandra Kocijan, Matjaz Godec, Mojca Debeljak, John T Grant, Timon Zupanc, Monika Jenko

Subject: Engineering, Bioengineering Keywords: total hip arthroplasty; stem micro-threaded taper; taper surface morphology , microstructure , corrosion; Ti implant alloy

Online: 13 May 2024 (04:33:02 CEST)

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We investigated the micro-threaded stem taper surface and the impact on premature failures, aseptic loosening, and infection. We have focused on the fretting, and crevice corrosion of micro-threaded tapers, as well as the characterization of microstructure and surface properties of two new and three retrieved Zweymüller stem tapers of cementless hip endoprostheses selected from a set of 45 stems. The retrievals examined were those in which the sole source of modularity with a metallic component was the head-stem taper interface between the Ti alloy taper stem and the ceramic head. To determine the surface chemistry and microstructures of both new and retrieved hip endoprostheses stem taper titanium alloy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was employed for morphological and microstructural analyses. At the same time, energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) was utilized for characterizing chemical element distribution, and electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD) was used for phase analysis. The micro-threated stem taper’s roughness for different manufacturers was investigated using an optical profilometer. Standard roughness pa-rameters Ra (average surface roughness) and Rz (mean peak to valley height of the roughness pro-file) were used in this investigation.Additionally, profile depth and peak spacing for different samples were investigated. The surface roughness results indicate no significant difference in roughness associated with varying survivorship times, ranging from 3 to 239 months, and across different manufacturers. Electrochemical studies revealed no fretting corrosion in retrieved stem tapers (ceramic head) that prematurely failed due to aseptic loosening after 239 months, infection after 3 months, and low-grade infection after a 32-month lifetime. Therefore, three retrieved ta-pers and two new ones for comparison underwent potentiodynamic measurements in Hank’s so-lution to ascertain the corrosion rate of new and retrieved stem taper surfaces. The results show a low corrosion rate for both new and retrieved samples that failed prematurely due to aseptic loosening. However, the corrosion rate of infected and low-grade infected tapers was higher. In conclusion, our study aligns with existing literature, suggesting that the use of ceramic heads de-creases the problem of taper corrosion and subsequently reduces premature failures in total hip arthroplasty.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.2054.v1

Named Entity Recognition Based on Contrastive Learning and Enhanced Lexicon for Pig Diseases of Chinese Corpus

Cheng Peng, Xiajun Wang, Qifeng Li, Qinyang Yu, Ruixiang Jiang, Weihong Ma, Wenbiao Wu, Rui Meng, Haiyan Li, Heju Huai, Shuyan Wang, Longjuan He

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning Keywords: Chinese Named Entity Recognition; Pig disease; Lexicon enhanced; Contrastive learning

Online: 30 May 2024 (13:41:05 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0331.v1

DAE-GAN: Underwater Image Super-Resolution Based on Degradation-Aware Attention Enhanced Generative Adversarial Network

Miaowei Gao, Zhongguo Li, Qi Wang, Wenbin Fan

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning Keywords: underwater image super resolution; degradation model; generative adversarial network; atten-tion mechanism

Online: 4 April 2024 (17:36:21 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.1751.v1

Optimizing Milling Parameters for Enhanced Machinability of 3D‐Printed Materials: An Analysis of PLA, PETG, and Carbon Fiber Reinforced PETG

Mohamad El Mehtedi, Pasquale Buonadonna, Rayane El Mohtadi, Gabriela Loi, Francesco Aymerich, Mauro Carta

Subject: Engineering, Industrial And Manufacturing Engineering Keywords: 3D printing; PLA; PETG; CF-PETG; milling; burr formation; roughness; ANOVA analysis

Online: 27 May 2024 (12:08:13 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.1548.v1

Design, Development and Application of a Modular Electromagnetic Induction (EMI) Sensor for Near-Surface Geophysical Surveys

Luzian Wolf, Adrian Flores Orozco

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geophysics And Geology Keywords: electromagnetic induction; low induction number; EMI; terrain conductivity meter; geophysics; near-surface survey; agrogeophysics; hydrogeophysics; open hardware.

Online: 23 May 2024 (12:08:33 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202001.0351.v1

A Miniature Fibre-optic Raman Probe Fabricated by Ultrafast Laser Assisted Etching

Calum A. Ross, David G. MacLachlan, Brian Smith, Rainer J. Beck, Jonathan D. Shephard, Nick Weston, Robert R. Thomson

Subject: Physical Sciences, Optics And Photonics Keywords: Optical biopsy; Raman spectroscopy; Micro-optics; Ultrafast laser assisted etching; Femtosecond laser micromaching

Online: 29 January 2020 (10:38:18 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0167.v1

Hydroxyl Spectroscopy of Laboratory Air Laser-Ignition

Christian G. Parigger

Subject: Physical Sciences, Atomic And Molecular Physics Keywords: molecular spectroscopy; diatomic molecules; optical emission spectroscopy; laser induced optical breakdown; hydroxyl; nitrogen second positive; cynaide; atomic spectroscopy; plasma physics; astrophysics

Online: 13 September 2022 (09:59:03 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202206.0339.v1

New Current Oscillator for Electrical Bioimpedance Spectroscopy

David William Cordeiro Marcôndes, Pedro Bertemes-Filho, Aleksander Sade Paterno

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: Current Oscillator; Pyragas Model; Second-Generation Current Carrier; Bioimpedance Spectroscopy

Online: 24 June 2022 (13:45:47 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202111.0425.v1

sub-Hz Differential Rotational Spectroscopy of Enantiomers

Lincoln Satterthwaite, Greta Koumarianou, Daniel Sorensen, David Patterson

Subject: Physical Sciences, Atomic And Molecular Physics Keywords: chirality; microwave spectroscopy; electroweak force; precision measurement; differential spectroscopy; parity violation

Online: 23 November 2021 (14:37:44 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202002.0053.v1

Laser-Plasma Spectroscopy of Hydroxyl with Applications

Christian G. Parigger, Christopher M. Helstern, Benjamin S. Jordan, David M. Surmick, Robert Splinter

Subject: Physical Sciences, Chemical Physics Keywords: plasma diagnostics; molecular spectra; diatomic molecules; plasma spectroscopy; laser spectroscopy; laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy; optical emission spectroscopy; molecular excitation temperature; combustion analysis; astrophysical spectroscopy

Online: 5 February 2020 (03:27:47 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201909.0013.v1

Near-Field IR Orientational Spectroscopy of Silk

Meguya Ryu, Reo Honda, Aina Reich, Adrian Cernescu, Jing-Liang Li, Jingwen Hu, Saulius Juodkazis, Junko Morikawa

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Nanotechnology Keywords: silk; anisotropy; absorbance; retardance

Online: 1 September 2019 (12:56:05 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201810.0452.v1

Solar Neutrinos Spectroscopy with Borexino Phase-II

Lino Miramonti, M. Agostini, K. Altenmueller, S. Appel, V. Atroshchenko, Z. Bagdasarian, D. Basilico, G. Bellini, J. Benziger, D. Bick, I. Bolognino, G. Bonfini, D. Bravo, B. Caccianiga, F. Calaprice, A. Caminata, S. Caprioli, M. Carlini, P. Cavalcante, F. Cavanna, A. Chepurnov, K. Choi, L. Collica, S. Davini, A. Derbin, X.F. Ding, A. Di Ludovico, L. Di Noto, I. Drachnev, K. Fomenko, A. Formozov, D. Franco, F. Gabriele, C. Galbiati, M. Gschwender, C. Ghiano, M. Giammarchi, A. Goretti, M. Gromov, D. Guffanti, C. Hagner, T. Houdy, E. Hungerford, Aldo Ianni, Andrea Ianni, A. Jany, D. Jeschke, V. Kobychev, D. Korablev, G. Korga, T. Lachenmaier, M. Laubenstein, E. Litvinovich, F. Lombardi, P. Lombardi, L. Ludhova, G. Lukyanchenko, L. Lukyanchenko, I. Machulin, G. Manuzio, S. Marcocci, J. Maricic, J. Martyn, E. Meroni, M. Meyer, M. Misiaszek, L. Papp, O. Penek, L. Pietrofaccia, N. Pilipenko, A. Pocar, A. Porcelli, G. Raikov, G. Ranucci, A. Razeto, A. Re, M. Redchuk, A. Romani, N. Rossi, S. Rottenanger, S. Schönert, D. Semenov, M. Skorokhvatov, O. Smirnov, A. Sotnikov, L.F.F. Stokes, Y. Suvorov, R. Tartaglia, G. Testera, J. Thurn, M. Toropova, E. Unzhakov, A. Vishneva, R.B. Vogelaar, F. von Feilitzsch, S. Weinz, M. Wojcik, M. Wurm, Z. Yokley, O. Zaimidoroga, S. Zavatarelli, K. Zuber, G. Zuzel

Subject: Physical Sciences, Particle And Field Physics Keywords: solar neutrinos; neutrino oscillation; Borexino

Online: 19 October 2018 (11:49:06 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201808.0387.v1

FTIR Spectroscopy of the Regulated Asbestos Amphiboles

Giancarlo Della Ventura, Ruggero Vigliaturo, Reto Gieré, Simone Pollastri, Alessandro F. Gualtieri, Gianluca Iezzi

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Environmental Science Keywords: regulated asbestos amphiboles; FTIR spectroscopy, FEG-FESEM, TEM, SAED patterns

Online: 21 August 2018 (16:30:50 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201807.0319.v1

Gallstone Magnesium Distributions from Optical Emission Spectroscopy

Ashok K. Pathak, Nilesh K. Rai, Rohit Kumar, Pradeep K. Rai, Awadhesh K. Rai, Christian G. Parigger

Subject: Physical Sciences, Applied Physics Keywords: laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy; atomic spectroscopy; plasma spectroscopy; laser spectroscopy; physical properties of biomaterials

Online: 18 July 2018 (08:34:46 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201611.0008.v1

Raman and Terahertz Spectroscopic Investigation of Cocrystal Formation Involving Antibiotic Nitrofurantoin Drug and Coformer 4-aminobenzoic Acid

Yong Du, Qiang Cai, Jiadan Xue, Qi Zhang

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pharmacy Keywords: nitrofurantoin; active pharmaceutical ingredient; 4-aminobenzoic acid; cocrystallization; intermolecular interaction; Raman spectroscopy; terahertz spectroscopy

Online: 1 November 2016 (09:54:24 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201703.0018.v1

Enhanced Plant Performance in Cicer arietinum L. due to the Addition of Combination of Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria

María Pérez-Fernández, Valentine Alexander

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: Cicer arietimum; Indole Acetic Acid; Bacillus megaterium; Pseudomonas putida; Mesorhizobium ciceri

Online: 2 March 2017 (16:34:44 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.1064.v1

Optimization of Solid-State Fermentation Process of Radix Ranunculi ternate using Response Surface Method and Study of its Antioxidant, Hypoglycemic Activities

Dingxuan He, Dingyu Duan, Xueyan Lv, Baihui Xiong, Zhuojia Li, Shaojun Zhang, Jing Cai, Xinrong Qiao, Qiong Chen

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Food Science And Technology Keywords: Radix Ranunculus ternate; mixed-strains fermentation; ethanol extract; antioxidant capacity; hypoglycemic activity

Online: 19 February 2024 (12:43:30 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.0926.v1

Effective Unidirectional Wetting of Liquids on Multi-gradient, Bio-inspired Surfaces Fabricated by 3D Printing and Surface Modification

Che-Ni Hsu, Ngoc Phuong Uyen Mai, Po-Yu Chen

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Materials Science And Technology Keywords: gradient wettability; anisotropic wetting; surface modification; water management

Online: 14 May 2024 (09:27:44 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0176.v1

Surface Thermodynamic Properties of 3D/4D Printing Poly Lactic Acid by Inverse Gas Chromatography

Tayssir Hamieh

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Materials Science And Technology Keywords: 3D/4D printing; adhesion; London and polar surface energies; glass transition; enthalpic and entropic Lewis’ s acid– base constants; acid and base surface energies

Online: 4 March 2024 (14:41:53 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0945.v1

Coastal Copper Tailings Dispersal: 3D Mapping And Shoreline Impacts, Particle Migration, Leaching, And Toxicity

W. Charles Kerfoot, Gary Swain, Robert Regis, Varsha K. Raman, Colin N. Brooks, Chris Cook, Molly Reif

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Remote Sensing Keywords: Coastal Mine Tailings, Keweenaw Peninsula, LiDAR 3D Bathymetry, UAS drone studies, Particle Dispersal, Specific Gravity, Copper Concentrations, Buffalo Reef, Mohawkite Arsenic, Toxicity, Daphnia

Online: 15 April 2024 (10:32:22 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.1324.v1

Spatial-Multitemporal Analysis of Heatwaves in Thailand: Discrepancies between In-Situ Air Temperature and Remote Sensing-Derived Land Surface Temperature

Thitimar Chongtaku, Attaphongse Taparugssanagorn, Hiroyuki Miyazaki, Takuji W Tsusaka

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Remote Sensing Keywords: heat wave; heatwaves detection; land surface heatwaves; data gap-filling; machine learning algorithm; random forest regression; spatio-temporal databases; geospatial analysis; air temperature; land surface temperature

Online: 23 February 2024 (08:40:08 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.2161.v1

Plasma Gasification of a Simulated Low-Level Radioactive Waste: Co, Cs, Sr, and Ce Retention Efficiency

Juan Ariel Pullao, Franco Emmanuel Benedetto, Gian Franco Binetti Basterrechea, Leonardo Andrés Neira Poblete, Diana Carolina Lago, Miguel Oscar Prado

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Waste Management And Disposal Keywords: Waste plasma gasification; low-level radioactive waste; volume reduction; vitrification

Online: 26 July 2024 (11:56:31 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201805.0473.v1

Electron Microscopy and Spectroscopy in the Analysis of Friction and Wear Mechanisms

Quanshun Luo

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Surfaces, Coatings And Films Keywords: electron microscopy; energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX); electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS); worn surface analysis; tribofilms

Online: 31 May 2018 (11:27:10 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0126.v1

SkinLiTE: Lightweight Supervised Contrastive Learning Model for Enhanced Skin Lesion Detection and Disease Typification in Dermoscopic Images

Salha M. Alzahrani

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning Keywords: Skin Lesions; Dermoscopic Images; Supervised Contrastive Learning; Skin Disease Classification

Online: 5 March 2024 (02:22:55 CET)

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This study introduces SkinLiTE, a lightweight supervised contrastive learning model, tailored to enhance the detection and typification of skin lesions in dermoscopic images. The core of SkinLiTE lies in its unique integration of supervised and contrastive learning approaches, which leverages labeled data to learn generalizable representations. This approach is particularly adept at handling the complexities and imbalances inherent in skin lesions datasets. The methodology encompasses a two-phase learning process. In the first phase, SkinLiTE utilizes an encoder network and a projection head to transform and project dermoscopic images into a feature space where contrastive loss is applied, focusing on minimizing intra-class variations while maximizing inter-class differences. The second phase freezes the encoder's weights, leveraging the learned representations for classification through a series of dense and dropout layers. The model was evaluated using three datasets from Skin Cancer ISIC 2019-2020, covering a wide range of skin conditions. SkinLiTE demonstrated superior performance across various metrics—accuracy, AUC , and F1 score—particularly when compared with traditional supervised learning models. Notably, SkinLiTE achieved an accuracy of 0.9087 using AugMix augmentation for binary classification of skin lesions. It also showed comparable results with the state-of-the-art approaches of ISIC challenge without relying on external data, underscoring its efficacy and efficiency. The results highlight the potential of SkinLiTE as a significant step forward in the field of dermatological AI, offering a robust, efficient, and accurate tool for skin lesion detection and classification. Its lightweight architecture and ability to handle imbalanced datasets make it particularly suited for integration into Internet of Medical Things environments, paving the way for enhanced remote patient monitoring and diagnostic capabilities. This research contributes to the evolving landscape of AI in healthcare, demonstrating the impact of innovative learning methodologies in medical image analysis.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202105.0715.v1

Raman and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopic Study of Aqueous Thiol-Capped Ag-Zn-Sn-S Nanocrystals

Volodymyr Dzhagan, Oleksandr Selyshchev, Yevhenii Havriliuk, Nazar Mazur, Oleksandra Raievska, Oleksandr Stroyuk, Serhiy Kondratenko, Alexander Litvinchuk, Mikhailo Valakh, Dietrich R.T. Zahn

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Nanotechnology Keywords: colloidal nanocrystals; Ag2ZnSnS4; phonons; Ag-Zn-S; Ag-Sn-S; non-stoichiometry; secondary phase; XPS; FTIR

Online: 31 May 2021 (08:33:21 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.1633.v1

Ultrafast Brain MRI at 3 T for MS: Evaluation of a 51-Second Deep-Learning-Enhanced T2-EPI-FLAIR Sequence

Martin Schuhholz, Christer Ruff, Eva Bürkle, Thorsten Feiweier, Bryan Clifford, Markus Kowarik, Benjamin Bender

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Other Keywords: ultrafast brain MRI; multi-shot EPI; ultrafast FLAIR; deep learning; image acceleration; image enhancement; multiple sclerosis; inflammatory brain lesions

Online: 24 June 2024 (11:37:59 CEST)

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Magnetic resonance (MR) image acquisitions are usually time-consuming, limiting utilization in neuroimaging. For multiple sclerosis (MS) patients, MR imaging plays a major role in drug therapy decision-making. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether an ultrafast, T2-weighted (T2w), deep-learning-enhanced (DL), echo-planar-imaging-based (EPI) fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) sequence (FLAIRUF) that has been targeting neurological emergencies so far might even be an option to detect MS lesions of the brain compared to conventional FLAIR sequences. Therefore, 17 MS patients were enrolled prospectively in this exploratory study. Standard MR protocols and ultrafast acquisitions were conducted at 3 tesla (T), including three-dimensional (3D)-FLAIR, turbo/fast spin echo (TSE)-FLAIR, and FLAIRUF. Inflammatory lesions were grouped by size and location. Lesion conspicuity and image quality were rated on an ordinal five-point Likert scale, and lesion detection rates were calculated. Statistical analyses were performed to compare results. Altogether, 568 different lesions were found. Data indicated no significant differences in lesion detection (sensitivity and positive predictive value [PPV]) between FLAIRUF and axially reconstructed 3D-FLAIR (lesion size ≥ 3 mm × ≥ 2 mm) and no differences in sensitivity between FLAIRUF and TSE-FLAIR (lesion size ≥ 3 mm total). Lesion conspicuity in FLAIRUF was similar in all brain regions except for superior conspicuity in the occipital lobe and inferior conspicuity in central brain regions. Further findings include location-dependent limitations of signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) as well as artifacts such as spatial distortions in FLAIRUF. In conclusion, FLAIRUF could potentially be an expedient alternative to conventional methods for brain imaging in MS patients since the acquisition can be performed in a fraction of time while maintaining good image quality.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.1422.v1

Daptomycin Liposomes Exhibit Enhanced Activity against Staphylococci Biofilms Compared to Free Drug

Foteini Gkartziou, Maria Plota, Charikleia Kypraiou, Iti Gauttam, Kolonitsiou Fevronia, Pavlos Klepetsanis, Iris Spiliopoulou, Sophia G Antimisiaris

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Other Keywords: Daptomycin; liposomes; zeta-potential; bacteriostatic; biofilm; growth inhibition; MRSA; MRSE; Integrity

Online: 26 February 2024 (12:00:24 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.2153.v1

Genome-Wide Association Study Reveals Novel Powdery Mildew Resistance Loci in Bread Wheat

Ramandeep Kaur, Neeraj Kumar Vasistha, Vikas Kumar Ravat, Vinod Kumar Mishra, Sandeep Sharma, Arun Kumar Joshi, Raman Dhariwal

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Plant Sciences Keywords: powdery mildew; wheat; GWAS; FarmCPU; MTAs; candidate genes

Online: 30 September 2023 (05:51:02 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.0013.v1

Surface Characterization of Nanostructured ITO Films of Oxygen Plasma Gas by Magnetron Sputtering for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells Applications

Wittawat Poonthong, Narong Mungkung, Tanes Tanitteerapan, Threerapong Maneepen, Apidat Songruk, Anumut Siricharoenpanich, Somchai Arunrungrusmi, Nat Kasayapanand

Subject: Engineering, Energy And Fuel Technology Keywords: oxygen plasma; ITO films; sputtering method; DSSC devices

Online: 4 June 2024 (02:52:50 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.0738.v2

Application of Surface-Stress Driven Model for Higher Vibrations Modes of Functionally Graded Nanobeams

Giuseppe Lovisi, Luciano Feo, Annavirginia Lambiase, Rosa Penna

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Nanotechnology Keywords: Functionally Graded (FG) Materials; Bernoulli-Euler Nanobeams; Stress-Driven Nonlocal Model; Free Vibration Analysis; Surface Energy Effects; Higher Vibration Modes

Online: 11 January 2024 (12:23:53 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1003.v1

Enhanced Energy Absorption in Bioinspired Combined TPMS-Gyroid and Walled TPMS-Gyroid Lattice Structure Manufactured via Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF)

Dawit Bogale Alemayehu, Masahiro Todoh

Subject: Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Keywords: Keywords; bio-inspired; gyroid lattice, Boolean subtraction; finite element analysis; plastic plateau; densification; energy absorption; relative density; size effect

Online: 18 March 2024 (10:39:43 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.1804.v1

A New Chinese Named Entity Recognition Method for Pig Disease Domain Based on Lexicon Enhanced BERT and Contrastive Learning

Cheng Peng, Xiajun Wang, Qifeng Li, Qinyang Yu, Ruixiang Jiang, Weihong Ma, Wenbiao Wu, Rui Meng, Haiyan Li, Heju Huai, Shuyan Wang, Longjuan He

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning Keywords: pig disease; Chinese named entity recognition; lexicon enhanced BERT; contrastive learning; small sample

Online: 23 July 2024 (16:05:26 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0327.v1

The Therapeutic Trip of Melatonin Eye Drops: From the Ocular Surface to the Retina

Dario Rusciano, Cristina Russo

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Ophthalmology Keywords: melatonin; drug delivery; eye diseases

Online: 6 March 2024 (10:55:34 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.0919.v1

Numerical Investigation of Localized Surface Plasmons in Gold Nanoridges Dimer-on-Mirror

Mohamed El Ghafiani, Adnane Noual, Madiha Amrani, Mohammed Moutaouekkil, El Houssaine El Boudouti

Subject: Physical Sciences, Optics And Photonics Keywords: Localized Surface Plasmons; Gold Nanoridges; Nano-particles-on-mirror; Dimer; Optomechanical Coupling

Online: 13 August 2024 (13:09:10 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0003.v1

A Comparative Analysis of Naïve Exosomes and Enhanced Exosomes with a Focus on the Treatment Potential in Ovarian Disorders

Mohammad Mousaei Ghasroldasht, Farzana Liakath Ali, Hang-Soo Park, Morteza Hadizadeh, Shao Huan Samuel Weng, Allen Huff, Somayeh Vafaei, Ayman Al-Hendy

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Other Keywords: enhanced exosomes; ovarian cancer; polycystic ovary syndrome; poor ovarian reserve; premature ovarian insufficiency

Online: 1 April 2024 (09:53:22 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.1506.v1

Validity of LiPON Conductivity Determined by Impedance Spectroscopy

Alexander Rudy, Alena Novozhilova, Julia Egorova

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Electrochemistry Keywords: ; solid electrolyte; impedance spectroscopy; absorption current; electric double layer; Debye length; drift conductivity ;

Online: 23 April 2024 (09:47:23 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0070.v1

Mechanical Spectroscopy Study of CrNiCoFeMn High Entropy Alloys

Enrico Gianfranco Campari, Angelo Casagrande

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Metals, Alloys And Metallurgy Keywords: high entropy alloys; selective laser melting; microstructure; mechanical properties; damping; Young’s modulus

Online: 6 April 2023 (04:46:33 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202303.0353.v1

Surface Treatment of Biochar—Methods, Surface Analysis and Potential Applications: A Comprehensive Review

Marlena Gęca, Ahmed M. Khalil, Arvind K. Bhakta, Youssef Snoussi, Piotr Nowicki, Małgorzata Wiśniewska, Mohamed M. Chehimi

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Toxicology Keywords: biomass conversion; thermochemical treatment; surface chemical modification; coupling agents; biochar implementation

Online: 20 March 2023 (08:31:16 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.1585.v1

Surface and Mineral Changes of Primary Enamel After Laser Diode Irradiation and Application of Remineralization Agents: A Comparative In Vitro Study

Mihaela-Valentina Cîrdei, Mădălin-Marius Margan, Roxana Margan, Alexandra Ban-Cucerzan, Ion Petre, Iosif Hulka, Razvan Mihai Horhat, Darinca Carmen Todea

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dentistry And Oral Surgery Keywords: low light laser therapy; DIAGNOdent; diode laser; fluoride varnish; casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate; energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX); solubility of dental primary enamel; scanning electron microscope (SEM)

Online: 22 August 2024 (02:54:50 CEST)

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Aim: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the remineralization potential of primary teeth enamel after being exposed to different laser diode therapy. Methods: Ninety-six vestibular primary teeth enamel samples were divided into eight groups (n=12) with varying treatments: control (G1), CPP-ACP-fluoride varnish (G2), diode lasers at 980 nm (G3), 808 nm (G4), 450 nm (G5), 980 nm + CPP-ACP-fluoride varnish (G6), 808 nm + CPP-ACP-fluoride varnish (G7), and 450 nm + CPP-ACP-fluoride varnish (G8). Each sample was assessed using DIAGNOdent® at baseline, post-treatment, and post-pH cycle re-mineralization. SEM imaging was performed before and after treatment and following the pH cycle. Results: The results indicated that the 980 nm and 808 nm diode lasers, both alone and in combination with CPP-ACP-fluoride varnish, either maintained or increased the calcium (Ca) weight percentage (Wt%) in the enamel. The 980 nm diode laser combined with CPP-ACP-fluoride varnish (G6) showed a significant increase in Ca Wt%, suggesting a strong remineralization effect. Similarly, the 808 nm diode laser alone (G4) also promoted a substantial increase in Ca Wt%. In contrast, the 450 nm diode laser, whether applied alone or in combination with CPP-ACP-fluoride varnish, resulted in a lower Ca Wt% and an increase in phosphorus (P) Wt%. Most groups, except for the CPP-ACP-fluoride varnish alone (G2), demonstrated an increase in P Wt%, indicating a complex interaction between laser therapy and enamel remineralization. Conclusions: The combined use of laser therapy with CPP-ACP-fluoride varnish significantly enhanced the remineralization of temporary teeth enamel. The 980 nm diode laser + CPP-ACP-fluoride varnish showed the most pronounced improvement in remineralization, while the 808 nm diode laser alone also effectively increased calcium solubility. These findings suggest that higher wavelength diode lasers, particularly when combined with remineralizing agents, can effectively enhance the mineral content of primary teeth and promote enamel remineralization.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201608.0149.v1

Estimation of Chlorophyll‐a Concentration and Trophic States for an Inland Lake from Landsat 8 OLI Data: A Case of Nalban Lake of East Kolkata Wetland, India

Pulak Patra, Sourabh Kumar Dubey, Raman Kumar Trivedi, Sanjeev Kumar Sahu, Sangram Keshari Rout

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Environmental Science Keywords: landsat 8 OLI; Nalban Lake; East Kolkata Wetland; chlorophyll-a prediction; study points; validation points

Online: 15 August 2016 (13:51:19 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1154.v2

Thermal, Spectroscopy, and Mechanical Properties of Thermodegradable Polymers and Reinforcements: A Green Approach

João J. Melo dos Santos, Evanimek B. Sabino da Silva, Carlos A. Paskocimas

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Nanotechnology Keywords: Nanocellulose; Biodegradability; Sustainability; Additive manufacturing; Functional materials.

Online: 20 November 2023 (14:01:39 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.0931.v1

Rapid Monitoring of Scale Precipitation and Inhibition in Geothermal Fluid Using Optical Fiber Sensor Based on Surface Plasmon Resonance

Ai Hosoki, Kifuyu Sugiura, Takuya Okazaki, Heejun Yang, Hideki Kuramitz, Akira Ueda, Amane Terai

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Sustainable Science And Technology Keywords: Geothermal scale sensor, Optical fiber, Surface plasmon resonance (SPR), Real-time monitoring

Online: 13 August 2024 (13:16:06 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201904.0296.v1

Controlled Surface Wettability by Plasma Polymer Surface Modification

Muzammil Iqbal, Duy Khoe Dinh, Abbas Qasim, Muhammad Imran, Harse Sattar, Aqrab Ul Ahmad

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Surfaces, Coatings And Films Keywords: polymer surfaces; surface wettability; plasma surface modification; tunable surface wettability; pH-responsive

Online: 26 April 2019 (10:35:01 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.0894.v1

Characterization of As-Synthesized PANI/CeO₂ Nanocomposite Films for Enhanced Anti-corrosion Applications

Ahmad Alsaad, Mohannad Al-Hmoud, Taha Rababah, MOHAMMAD MARASHDEH, Mamduh J. Aljaafreh, Sharif Abu Alrub, Ayed M. Binzowaimil, Ahmad Telfah

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Materials Science And Technology Keywords: corrosion protection; protonated polyaniline (PANI); cerium dioxide (CeO₂); optical bandgap energy; electrical conductivity

Online: 16 February 2024 (11:07:27 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201701.0036.v1

Optimization of Ultrasonic-Assisted Extraction by Response Surface Methodology with Maximal Phenolic Yield and Antioxidant Activity from Acer truncatum Leaves

Lingguang Yang, Peipei Yin, Hang Fan, Qiang Xue, Ke Li, Xiang Li, Liwei Sun, Yujun Liu

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Plant Sciences Keywords: Acer truncatum leaves; ultrasonic-assisted extraction; response surface methodology; phenolics; antioxidant activity; UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS

Online: 9 January 2017 (04:16:01 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.0640.v1

Opto-Magnetic Imaging Spectroscopy Based on Hyper Convolution Spectra and Its Applications

Lidija Matija, Branislava Jeftic, Aleksandra Dragicevic, Ivana Stanković, Vlado Antonic, Djuro Koruga

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biophysics Keywords: hyper convolution spectra; epithelial tissues; paramagnetism; diamagnetism; opto-magnetic images; cancer detection; accuracy

Online: 9 November 2023 (14:24:05 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201812.0370.v1

Theoretical Study of Memristor and \\ Time Reversal based\\ Nonlinear Elastic Wave Spectroscopy

Sadataka Furui, Serge Dos Santos

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Nanotechnology Keywords: Memristor, TR-NEWS, HEU, DORT

Online: 31 December 2018 (11:16:18 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1274.v1

ML-Enhanced Live-Video Streaming in Offline MANETs: An Applied Approach

Manuel Jesús-Azabal, Vasco N. G. J. Soares, Jaime Galán-Jiménez

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Computer Networks And Communications Keywords: Mobile Adhoc Networks; Live-video streaming; Artificial Intelligence; Machine Learning; Bluetooth Low Energy; Offline streaming

Online: 21 March 2024 (08:20:22 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1657.v1

Displacement Mapping as a Highly Flexible Surface Texturing Tool for Additively Photopolymerized Components

Robert Bail, Dong Hyun Lee

Subject: Engineering, Industrial And Manufacturing Engineering Keywords: mesh modeling; resin printing; surface finish; random texture; nature-inspired surfaces

Online: 27 March 2024 (08:23:24 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0918.v1

Raman Technology for Process Control: Waste Shells Demineralization to Produce Transparent Polymer Foils Reinforced with Natural Antioxidant, and Calcium Acetate By-Product

Simona Cinta Pinzaru, Iuliana-Cornelia Poplăcean, Karlo Maškarić, Danut-Alexandru Dumitru, Lucian Barbu-Tudoran, Tudor Liviu TĂMAȘ, Fran Nekvapil, Bogdan Neculai

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Biomaterials Keywords: Raman technology; recovery and resource utilization technology; process control; biogenic carbonate waste; chitin; calcium acetate drug; carotenoids.

Online: 15 March 2024 (12:01:12 CET)

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Waste biogenic materials from seafood exploitation are valuable resources of new compounds exploitation within the blue bioeconomy concept. Here, we describe the effectiveness of Raman technology implementation as an in-line tool for demineralization process control of crustaceans or gastropods. We produced transparent chitin polymer foils from three waste crustacean shells (C. sapidus, S. mantis and M. squinado) using a slow, green chemical approach employing acetic acid, and showed the progressive process of biogenic carbonate dissolution and increasing the Raman characteristic signal of chitin, in a time dependence manner. It turned that chitin foils obtaining is species-specific, and the demineralization bath of waste shell mixture can be effectively tracked by Raman spectroscopy, for solvent control and the recovery of the calcium acetate as valuable by-product. Comparatively, calcium acetate drug, a compound widely used in kidney failure diseases, or as additive in nutraceuticals and food industry, has been obtained here, following a green demineralization path of the sea snail Rapana venosa intact shell, assisted by Raman tech-nology, using 9% acetic acid (vinegar) solution for 14 days. To validate the final products identity and quality, The process of waste shells demineralization and the final products of the treatment were investigated using various Raman techniques and technologies, cross-validating the results with FT-IR, XRD and SEM-EDX techniques. NIR Raman spectroscopy revealed chitin bands in a time-dependent manner, while Resonance Raman spectroscopy showed the preservation of ca-rotenoids after two weeks of acetic acid treatment. A hand-held flexible TacticID Raman system with a 1064 nm excitation demonstrated its effectiveness as a rapid, in-line decision making tool during process control and revealed excellent reproducibility of the lab-based instrument signal, suitable for in situ evaluation of the demineralization status and solvent saturation control. The calcium acetate recovered from residual treatment solutions was assessed regarding its hydration status, purity, and suitability as recrystallized material for further use as pharmaceutical product or ingredient in complex formulations.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0354.v1

Advancements in Neurosurgical Intraoperative Histology With Particular Emphasis on Stimulated Raman Scattering (SRS) Microscopy

Ali A. Mohamed, Emma Sargent, Cooper Williams, Zev Karve, Karthik Nair, Brandon Lucke-wold

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Surgery Keywords: deep neural networks; raman histology; digital histopathological assessment, frozen sectioning, cytologic preparations

Online: 4 April 2024 (08:14:59 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0098.v1

Raman Analysis of Deposition Pressure Variations in Nanocomposite SiCN Coatings: A 4-Stage Model

Arnab Bhattacharyya

Subject: Engineering, Metallurgy And Metallurgical Engineering Keywords: Si-C-N; Nanocomposite coatings; crystallization; sputtering; nanomechanical

Online: 1 April 2024 (15:03:28 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202111.0078.v1

GRaVN: A Convolutional Network Approach to Generalised Characterisation of Raman Spectra for Space Exploration

Jon Kissi, Tianqi Xie, Ken McIsaac, Gordon R Osinski, Sean Shieh

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: GRaVN; machine learning; convolutional neural networks; CNN; raman spectroscopy; analogue missions; planetary science; random undersampling; random oversampling; CanMoon

Online: 3 November 2021 (09:24:38 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201904.0066.v1

A Correction Method of Mixed Pesticide Content Prediction in Apple by Using Raman Spectra

Yan Li, Yankun Peng, Jianwei Qin, Kuanglin Chao

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Applied Chemistry Keywords: Raman spectra; mixed pesticides; apple; correction method; rapid; real-time

Online: 5 April 2019 (15:17:24 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.1757.v1

Chemical Bonding of Nanorod Hydroxyapatite to the Surface of Calciumfluoroaluminosilicate Particles for Improvement of Histocompatibility of Glass Ionomer Cement

Sohee Kang, So Jung Park, Sukyoung Kim, Inn-Kyu Kang

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Ceramics And Composites Keywords: bioactivity; calciumfluoroaluminosilicate; glass ionomer cement; histocompatibility; hydroxyapatite; osteoblast

Online: 25 June 2024 (10:23:45 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0803.v1

Feasibility of Using SWIR Transformed Reflectance (STR) in Place of Surface Temperature (Ts) for the Mapping of Irrigated Landcover

Mohammad Abuzar, Kathryn Sheffield, Andy McAllister

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Remote Sensing Keywords: Irrigated landcover; thresholding method; Central Goulburn District

Online: 11 April 2024 (10:03:23 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.1778.v1

Surface Morphology and Human Osteoblast Response of 316L Stainless Steel after Various Surface Treatments

Vincent K. S. Hsiao, Yan-Cheng Lin, Hsi-Chin Wu, Tair-I Wu

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Materials Science And Technology Keywords: 316L stainless steel; immersion corrosion; shot peening; electrochemical corrosion; cell adhesion

Online: 27 September 2023 (04:15:55 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1033.v1

Improved Urban Impervious Surface Mapping Using Multi-Sensor Feature Fusion: A Cross-City Analysis

Muhammad Nasar Ahmad, Fahad Almutlaq, Md. Enamul Huq, George D. Bathrellos, Akib Javed, Fakhrul Islam, Hariklia D. Skilodimou

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Remote Sensing Keywords: Data Fusion; Impervious surface; Landsat 8; LST; Sentinel-1

Online: 12 September 2024 (15:48:22 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201912.0022.v1

Ultrasensitive SERS-Based Plasmonic Sensor with Analyte Enrichment System Produced by Direct Laser Writing

George Pavliuk, Dmitrii Pavlov, Eugeny Mitsai, Oleg Vitrik, Aleksandr Mironenko, Alexander Zakharenko, Sergei A. Kulinich, Saulius Juodkazis, Svetlana Bratskaya, Alexey Zhizhchenko, Aleksandr Kuchmizhak

Subject: Physical Sciences, Optics And Photonics Keywords: direct laser processing; femtosecond laser pulses; superhydrophobic textures; analyte enrichment; plasmonic nanostructures; SERS; medical drugs

Online: 3 December 2019 (11:19:55 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.0905.v1

Enhanced Skin Penetration of Ascorbyl Palmitate Achieved via Liposomal Encapsulation: Tape Stripping Evaluation

Aleksandra Stolić Jovanović, Vanja Tadic, Milica Martinović, Ana Žugić, Ivana Nešić, Stevan Blagojević, Nebojša Jasnić, Tomislav Tosti

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pharmacy Keywords: ascorbyl palmitate; liposomes; cream; emulgel; tape stripping

Online: 13 June 2024 (09:41:27 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.0243.v1

Functionalization of Polypropylene by TiO2 Photocatalytic Nanoparticles: On the Importance of the Surface Oxygen Plasma Treatment

Karolina Zajac, Joanna Macyk, Konrad Szajna, Franciszek Krok, Wojciech Macyk, Andrzej Kotarba

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Surfaces, Coatings And Films Keywords: TiO2; polypropylene; surface functionalization; plasma treatment; nanocomposite; photocatalyst

Online: 2 July 2024 (14:05:28 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.1216.v1

Roles of Micropillar Topography and Surface Energy on Cancer Cell Dynamics

Hoang Huy Vu, Nam-Trung Nguyen, Sharda Yadav, Thi Thanh Ha Nguyen, Navid Kashaninejad

Subject: Engineering, Bioengineering Keywords: superhydrophobic surfaces; micro/nanofabrication; micro pillars array; cell culture; breast cancer cell

Online: 18 June 2024 (11:57:14 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.0631.v2

Harnessing Earnings Reports for Stock Predictions: A QLoRA-Enhanced LLM Approach

Haowei Ni, Shuchen Meng, Xupeng Chen, Ziqing Zhao, Andi Chen, Panfeng Li, Shiyao Zhang, Qifu Yin, Yuanqing Wang, Yuxi Chan

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning Keywords: large language model; quantized low-rank adaptation; instruction fine tuning

Online: 19 August 2024 (09:17:53 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202310.0573.v1

Optical Diffraction Tomography and Raman Confocal Microscopy for the Investigation of Vacuoles Associated with Cancer Senescent Engulfing Cells

Silvia Ghislanzoni, Jeon Woong Kang, Arianna Bresci, Andrea Masella, Koseki J. Kobayashi-Kirschvink, Dario Polli, Italia Bongarzone, Peter T. C. So

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Life Sciences Keywords: microscopy; optical diffraction tomography; Raman spectroscopy; therapy-induced senescence; cell engulfing; vacuole; cancer; cell-in-cell

Online: 10 October 2023 (05:32:15 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202011.0652.v1

Hypersonic Imaging and Emission Spectroscopy of Hydrogen and Cyanide Following Laser-Induced Optical Breakdown

Christian G Parigger, Christopher M Helstern, Ghaneshwar Gautam

Subject: Physical Sciences, Acoustics Keywords: laser–plasma interactions; plasma dynamics and flow; hypersonic flows; optical emission spectroscopy; hydrogen; cyanide; Abel inversion; astrophysics; white dwarf stars

Online: 25 November 2020 (16:23:06 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201701.0051.v1

Investigation of Urbanization Effects on Land Surface Phenology in Northeast China during 2001–2015

Rui Yao, Lunche Wang, Xin Huang, Xian Guo, Zigeng Niu, Hongfu Liu

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Environmental Science Keywords: urbanization; land surface phenology; urban heat island; Northeast China

Online: 10 January 2017 (10:30:26 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.1607.v1

Mechanism of Surface Hydroxylation Acceleration and Laser-Induced Damage Threshold Reduction during Ion Beam Sputtering of Fused Silica

Mingjin Xu, Weibin Wu, Yongsheng Ke, Xiaohong Liu, Yaoyu Zhong, Xiaopeng Gao

Subject: Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Keywords: ion beam sputtering; laser damage; hydroxyl groups; surface hydroxylation; chemical structure defect

Online: 24 April 2024 (14:10:16 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.2045.v1

Characterization of Nile Red-Stained Microplastics through Fluorescence Spectroscopy

Suparnamaaya Prasad, Andrew Bennett, Michael Triantafyllou

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Pollution Keywords: microplastics; fluorescence spectroscopy; Nile Red; pollution monitoring

Online: 25 July 2024 (12:54:42 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.0151.v1

Structural Analyses of Apricot Pectin Polysaccharides by NMR Spectroscopy

Zayniddin Kamarovich Muhidinov, Matlub H. Rahmonov, Abduvaly Jonmurodov, Jamshed Bobokalonov, Lin Shu Liu, Gary Strahan

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Biomaterials Keywords: apricot pectin; NMR spectroscopy; RG-I; HG; RG-II; arabinogalactan; molecular weight; conformation

Online: 4 December 2023 (06:51:18 CET)

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The fine structure of Apricot pectin polysaccharides is discussed from both literature and recent work we have performed. Structural characterization utilized 1D and 2D homo- and hetero-nuclear NMR spectroscopy including results from High Performance Size Exclusion Chromatography (HP-SEC), HP Anion-Exchange Chromatography with Pulsed Amperometric Detection (HPAEC-PAD) and FTIR spectroscopy. The purified pectin fraction (F1AP) was found to be composed of D-galacturonic acid, L-rhamnose, D-arabinose and D-galactose in a 1.0 : 0.1 : 0.36 : 0.12 molar ratio, respectively, which is consistent with a pectin RG-1 branched with arabinogalactan side chain polysaccharides, and has a weight-average molecular weight of approximately 1588.2 kDa. The slope of the hydrodynamic radius versus the molar mass was 0.57, indicating the presence of coil conformations. The results from HPAEC-PAD, HPSEC and NMR spectroscopy (1H, 13C, zTOCSY, HSQC, HSQCTOXY and HMBC) demonstrated that F1AP fine fraction F1AP1, derived from original F1AP, has a backbone of (1→4)-linked -D-galacturonic acid and -L-rhamnopyranosyl residues branched with arabinogalactan of multiply glycosidic linkages of T- α-Araf, 3-α-Araf, 5-α-Araf, T- α -Arap, 2- α-Arap side chains, having methyl and acetylated groups, and has high molecular weights (1945 kDa). While the other F1A6 fraction consists predominately of an HG region of pectin polysaccharides with low molecular weights (117.5 kDa), less aggregated. The F1AP1 polysaccharide was highly viscous and its hydrodynamic radius was 64,3 nm. The exponent b of Rh-Mw (conformation plot) was determined to be 0.48, indicating a compact flexible coil conformation of the macromolecule in solution. However, the F1AP6 fraction of apricot fruits belong to backbone of repeats units of [-(1→4)-α-D-GalpA-1]n – both HG and partly contents RG-II polysaccharides, bearing heterosugar sidechains, including α-Ara, α -Rha and β-Gal residues and adopt more stiffness rod like conformation.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.2081.v1

Viability of ABO Blood Typing with ATR-FTIR Spectroscopy

Alfonso Fernández-González, Álvaro Obaya, Christian Chimeno-Trinchet, Tania Fontanil, Rosana Badía-Laíño

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Analytical Chemistry Keywords: FTIR; ATR-FTIR; Linear Discriminant Analisis; LDA; Naif Bayessian Classifier; NBC; chemometrics

Online: 31 July 2023 (09:49:38 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202302.0430.v1

Cyanide Molecular Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy with Current Databases

Christian Parigger

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: diatomic molecules; cyanide; laser-plasma; data analysis; laser induced breakdown spectroscopy; combustion; time-resolved spectroscopy; spectra fitting program; astrophysics

Online: 27 February 2023 (02:28:52 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202108.0497.v1

Close-range Hyperspectral Spectroscopy Reveals Leaf Water Content Dynamics

Samuli Junttila, Teemu Hölttä, Ninni Saarinen, Ville Kankare, Tuomas Yrttimaa, Juha Hyyppä, Mikko Vastaranta

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Plant Sciences Keywords: leaf water content; hyperspectral spectroscopy; leaf water potential; drought; diurnal cycle; plant water status; relative water content; equivalent water thickness; Dracaena marginate; water stress; leaf water variation

Online: 25 August 2021 (15:00:37 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201911.0028.v1

Hydrogen Sensor Based on Tunable Diode Laser Absorption Spectroscopy

Viacheslav Avetisov, Ove Bjoroey, Junyang Wang, Peter Geiser, Ketil Gorm Paulsen

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Analytical Chemistry Keywords: gas sensor; hydrogen sensor; diode laser; TDLAS; WMS; absorption spectroscopy; laser spectroscopy; hydrogen

Online: 3 November 2019 (18:21:16 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201809.0019.v1

Positron Spectroscopy of Polyvinylidene Fluoride after Helium Ions Irradiation

Roman Laptev, Jinzhe Lyu, Natalya Dubrova

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Polymers And Plastics Keywords: positron annihilation; free volume; crystallinity; XRD; polyvinylidene fluoride; helium ions; absorbed dose; cross-linking; degradation; Braking ability; linear absorption coefficient; Backscatter coefficient; bremsstrahlung

Online: 3 September 2018 (10:48:30 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.0986.v1

Enhanced Medical Data Extraction: Leveraging LLMs for Accurate Retrieval of Patient Information from Medical Reports

Angel M Garcia-Carmona, Maria-Lorena Prieto, Enrique Puertas, Juan-Jose Beunza

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning Keywords: Large Language Models; Langchain framework; Electronic Health Records; Data mining; Model Evaluation; Healthcare; Digitalization

Online: 12 July 2024 (02:58:16 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201910.0213.v1

Quasi Cubic Trigonometric Curve and Surface

Guicang Zhang, Kai Wang

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Computational Mathematics Keywords: Quasi Extended Chebyshev space; optimal normalized totally positive basis; high-order continuity; shape preserving; shape features

Online: 18 October 2019 (11:33:13 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201907.0090.v1

Surface Tension and Viscosity of Blood

Adam Wesołowski, Anna Młynarczak

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biophysics Keywords: surface tension; viscosity; blood

Online: 5 July 2019 (05:08:09 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.1645.v1

Preparation and Characterization of Oxide Nanotubes on Titanium Surface for Use in Controlled Drug Release Systems

Patrycja Osak, Sandra Skwarek, Dariusz Łukowiec, Grzegorz Przeliorz, Bożena Łosiewicz

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dentistry And Oral Surgery Keywords: anodizing; corrosion resistance; drug delivery system; oxide nanotubes; titanium

Online: 24 June 2024 (12:25:01 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202112.0450.v1

Effect of Internal Donors on Raman and IR Spectroscopic Fingerprints of MgCl2/TiCl4 Nanoclusters Determined by Machine Learning and DFT

Maddalena D' Amore, Toshiaki Taniike, Minoru Terano, Anna Maria Ferrari

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Physical Chemistry Keywords: polymerization catalysis; machine learning; nanoclusters; DFT; Raman spectrum; IR spectrum; Lewis bases

Online: 28 December 2021 (14:04:10 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.1133.v1

Development of Aptamer-Based Gold Nanoparticle Lateral Flow Test Strips for Detection of SARS-CoV-2 S Protein on the Surface of Cold Chain Food Packaging

Xiaotong Li, Jiachen Wang, Xiaona Fang, Lianhui Zhao, Zhaofeng Luo, Yiyang Dong

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: SARS-CoV-2; S protein; COVID-19; lateral flow test strips; AuNPs; aptamer

Online: 20 February 2024 (11:55:53 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0664.v1

Antibacterial, Antiviral and anti-biofilm Materials Evaluation Standards from the Viewpoint of Surface Science and Surface Engineering

Hideyuki Kanematsu, Dana M. Barry, Akiko Ogawa, Nobumitsu Hirai, Takeshi Kogo, Risa Kawai, Toshio Kamijo, Hidekazu Miura, Takeshi Hagio, Ryoichi Ichino

Subject: Engineering, Bioengineering Keywords: antibacterial, antiviral, anti-biofilm, ISO

Online: 9 April 2024 (11:25:54 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.1548.v1

Quality Control of Medical Food Using Near Infrared Spectroscopy and Multivariate Calibration Models

Hudson Pimentel Costa, Lívia Paulia Dias Ribeiro, Claudete Fernandes Pereira, Gisele Simone Lopes, Augusto Reinaldo Pimentel Guimarães, João da Silva Oliveira, Maria Socorro Moura Rufino

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Applied Chemistry Keywords: Medical food; NIRS; Quality control

Online: 21 August 2024 (18:14:59 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202207.0312.v1

Rapid Assessment of Lipidomics Sample Purity and Quantity Using Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy

Harley Robinson, Jeffrey Molendijk, Alok K. Shah, Tony Rahman, Gregory J. Anderson, Michelle M. Hill

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: lipids; phospholipids; sphingolipids; triglycerides; FTIR; mass spectrometry; chemical contaminants

Online: 21 July 2022 (08:03:24 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202203.0400.v1

Probing Nuclear Dipole Moments and Magnetic Shielding Constants Through 3-Helium NMR Spectroscopy

Włodzimierz Makulski

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Physical Chemistry Keywords: nuclear magnetic dipole moment; nuclear magnetic shielding; gas-phase NMR

Online: 31 March 2022 (08:00:05 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201807.0324.v1

Time-Resolved Emission Spectroscopy of Atomic and Molecular Species in Laser-Induced Plasma

Christian Parigger, Ghaneshwar Gautam, Christopher M Helstern

Subject: Physical Sciences, Fluids And Plasmas Physics Keywords: laser-induced plasma; atomic and molecular spectroscopy; Abel inversion; hydrogen; cyanogen

Online: 18 July 2018 (09:31:11 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201708.0019.v1

Reconfigurable, Multi-channel and Modular Bioimpedance Spectroscopy System on Field Programmable Gate Arrays

Anis Nurashikin Nordin, Ahmed Al-Hashimi, Amelia Wong Azman

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: Bioimpedance Spectroscopy; Field Programmable Gate Array; Digital Auto Balance Bridge; Multichannel data acquisition;

Online: 4 August 2017 (16:05:29 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.1977.v1

Digital Image Analysis and Multivariate Data Analysis as Tools for the Identification of Microplastics in Surface Waters: The Case of the Vistula River (Central Europe)

Ewa Dacewicz, Ewa Łobos-Moysa, Krzysztof Chmielowski

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Water Science And Technology Keywords: characteristics of microplastics; digital image analysis; shape descriptors; PCA.

Online: 27 June 2024 (15:44:39 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.1856.v1

Accuracy Assessment of Estimated River Water Surface Elevations from Landsat 8 and 9 Imagery among Twenty Water Indices

Feifei Pan

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Remote Sensing Keywords: river water surface elevation; topobathymetric elevation model (TEM); river inundation area-water surface elevation (RIA-WSE) rating curve; Landsat; satellite image classification; the Otsu method; water index; bilinear and cubic resampling methods

Online: 26 June 2024 (10:57:15 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0591.v1

Enhanced Energy Storage Performance and Efficiency in Bi0.5(Na0.8K0.2)0.5TiO3–Bi0.2Sr0.7TiO3 Relaxor Ferroelectric Ceramics via Domain Engineering

Srinivas Pattipaka, Hyunsu Choi, Yeseul Lim, Kwi-Il Park, Kyeongwoon Chung, And Geon Tae Hwang

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: Lead-free ceramic capacitors; Dielectric; Relaxor ferroelectric; Domain engineering; Energy storage

Online: 8 June 2023 (04:52:57 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0046.v1

Buckling Defect Optimization of Constrained Ring Rolling of Thin-Walled Conical Rings with Inner High Ribs Combining Response Surface Method with FEM

Wei Feng, Peng Zhao

Subject: Engineering, Industrial And Manufacturing Engineering Keywords: Aluminum alloy thin wall conical ring with inner high ribs; Constrained ring rolling; Buckling defect optimization; FE simulation; Response surface method

Online: 1 March 2024 (12:04:25 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.0526.v1

Development of a Versatile Lipid Core for Nanostructure Lipid Carriers (NLC) Using Design of Experiments (DoE) and Raman Mapping

Carlos Alberto Rios, Roberta Ondei, Márcia Cristina Breiktreitz

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pharmacy Keywords: Nanostructured Lipid Carriers; Raman Mapping; Design of Experiments; Classical Least Squares

Online: 8 January 2024 (06:27:32 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.1769.v1

TransNeural: An Enhanced-Transformer based Performance Pre-Validation Model for Split Learning Tasks

Guangyi Liu, Mancong Kang, Yanhong Zhu, Qingbi Zheng, Maosheng Zhu, Na Li

Subject: Engineering, Telecommunications Keywords: 6G; digital twin network; transformer; split learning; pre-validation environment

Online: 25 June 2024 (13:51:18 CEST)

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