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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202011.0608.v1

The Impact of Utility-Scale Photovoltaics Plant on Near Surface Turbulence Characteristics in the Barren Areas

Junxia Jiang, Xiaoqing Gao, Chen Bolong

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Atmospheric Science And Meteorology Keywords: large-scale photovoltaic plants; M-O similarity theory; roughness; stability; turbulence intensity

Online: 24 November 2020 (09:46:14 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202010.0626.v1

Partial Derivative Approach to the Change of Scale Formula for the Function Space Integral

Young Sik Kim

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Algebra And Number Theory Keywords: function space; function space integral; partial derivative approach; change of scale formula

Online: 30 October 2020 (08:08:24 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201811.0448.v1

Ultra Low Temperature Process Effects on Micro-Scale Abrasion of Tool Steel AISI D2

Sílvio José Gobbi, Vagner João Gobbi, Gustavo Reinke

Subject: Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Keywords: Micro-Scale Abrasion; Ultra Low Temperature Process (ULTP) Tool Steel AISI D2;

Online: 19 November 2018 (10:32:44 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201811.0199.v1

An Efficient Method to Learn Overcomplete Multi-Scale Dictionaries of ECG Signals

David Luengo, David Meltzer, Tom Trigano

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: electrocardiogram (ECG); LASSO; overcomplete multi-scale dictionary construction; signal representation; sparse inference

Online: 8 November 2018 (10:12:45 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201810.0332.v1

A Specific Large-Scale Pressure Gradient Forcing for Computation of Realistic 3D Wind Fields Over a Canopy at Stand Scale

Francois Pimont, Jean-Luc Dupuy, Rodman Linn, Jeremy Sauer

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Atmospheric Science And Meteorology Keywords: Ekman balance - Forest canopy – Large-eddy simulation – Large-scale pressure gradient - Streaks

Online: 15 October 2018 (18:19:27 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201809.0094.v1

Marketing Arrangements Used by Small Scale Bean Farmers in Kenya: What Needs to Change for Sustainable Trade Volumes?

Simon Wanjala P.O., David Karanja, scholastica Wambua, George Otiep, Collins Odhiambo, Eliud Birachi

Subject: Business, Economics And Management, Marketing Keywords: Small-scale bean farmers, marketing arrangements, formal and informal marketing, intensification models

Online: 5 September 2018 (11:30:25 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201808.0464.v1

Post-partum Depression in Mothers of Children under 2 years in Military Barracks in Lagos, Nigeria

Alero Ann Roberts, Chisa Mariam Nworka, Esther Oluwakemi Oluwole, Ezekiel Sofela Oridota

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Psychiatry And Mental Health Keywords: Postpartum depression, Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale, general help-seeking, mothers, military barracks

Online: 27 August 2018 (14:59:46 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201804.0296.v1

Study on the Construction of Landscape Ecological Classification System for Large-Scale Coal-Power Base in Semi-Arid Steppe Region

Zhenhua Wu, Shaogang Lei, Zhengfu Bian

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Environmental Science Keywords: semi-arid steppe region; large-scale coal-power base; landscape ecological classification

Online: 23 April 2018 (12:48:59 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202105.0141.v2

Effectiveness of Health Education Given To Prevent Back Pain In Women: Pre- And Post-Test Study

Elizabeth Olubunmi Babalola

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Orthopedics And Sports Medicine Keywords: low back pain; women; exercise; physical activity; health education; Oswestry Disability Index; Back Pain Functional Scale; ergonomics

Online: 10 May 2021 (14:07:50 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.1447.v1

Fracture Rate and Causes of Ceramic Crown Fracture: A Systematic Literature Review

Han Chao Chang, Grace S. Chiu, Ting-Hsun Lan

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dentistry And Oral Surgery Keywords: fracture; chipping; Newcastle–Ottawa Scale; endocrown; veneered fixed dental prosthesis; monolithic lithium disilicate (LS2); all-ceramic single crown

Online: 19 December 2023 (15:58:30 CET)

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To determine the fracture rate of ceramic crowns and causes of ceramic crown failure, this study used keywords—namely “endocrown,” “veneered fixed dental prosthesis,” “monolithic lithium disilicate (LS2),” and “all-ceramic single crown”—to search for articles published in English from 2005 to 2023 in the PubMed electronic database. Rather than using the Boolean logic algorithm between MESH terms and keywords, we accurately calculated the numbers of final clinically tracked cases with crown fractures from the contents of articles. The titles and abstracts of many related articles focused on implant or abutment fracture, while crown fracture was investigated and mentioned only in the main texts of the articles. Our studies included those crowns as well as having more complete data collection. Our search yielded 228, 93, 404, and 358 articles for the keywords “endocrown,” “veneered fixed dental prosthesis,” “monolithic lithium disilicate (LS2),” and “all-ceramic single crown,” respectively. We used the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale (NOS) to assess article quality, and our inclusion criteria were randomized controlled trials (RCT) and cohort study articles involving more than 3 years of follow-up and more than 20 cases. After reviewing, 16 high-quality articles were selected for analysis. The 4.4% crown fracture rate recommended on the basis of most clinical results was achieved in only 6 of the 16 articles. In these 6 articles, the researchers concluded the following reasons that may cause the crown fractures: the thickness of the veneer ceramic material; the connector dimensions; pontic span of the fixed prosthesis; the type of cement; the treatment of the ceramic surface before luting. Other articles inferred that the computer-aided design libraries that were insufficient for the creation of appropriate anatomically supported frameworks for prostheses with ceramic veneers; the thermal expansion coefficient and fracture toughness of the framework material did not match those of the veneer ceramic, resulting in an insufficient area supporting the ceramic veneer then leads to premature crown failure after a long period chewing. The future prospective for material developing could focus on solving those problems and have better clinical results.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202205.0155.v1

Rolling Bearing Fault Diagnosis based on Multiscale Permutation Entropy and SOA-SVM

Xi Zhang, Hongju Wang, Mingming Ren, Mengyun He, Lei Jin

Subject: Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Keywords: whale optimization algorithm; variational mode decomposition; seagull optimization algorithm; support vector machine; multi-scale permutation entropy; fault diagnosis

Online: 12 May 2022 (03:49:42 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202104.0099.v1

Enhancing Business Schools’ Pedagogy on Sustainable Business Practices and Ethical Decision-Making

Kathleen Rodenburg, Kelly MacDonald

Subject: Business, Economics And Management, Accounting And Taxation Keywords: New Ecological Paradigm; Ethical Orientation Scale; ethical decision making; Values driven leadership; eco consciousness; deontological; teleological; anthropocentrism; ecocentrism

Online: 5 April 2021 (11:24:06 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201904.0246.v2

Mathematical Models for Possible Roles of Oxytocin and Oxytocin Receptors in Autism

Mark Gottlieb

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: Oxytocin, Oxytocin Receptor, Autism, Nepsys Scale, MAST Immune System Disease, Dendritic Spines, Magnocellular Neurons, Desensitization, Labor, Down Regulation

Online: 23 April 2019 (11:12:19 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.1051.v9

Energy Renormalization in a Berry Geometrical Phase: Low-Energy Perturbations of the Strong Interaction and the QCD Mass Gap

Mark Gibbons

Subject: Physical Sciences, Particle And Field Physics Keywords: Berry geometrical phase; dual superconductivity; scale- and gauge-invariance; hyperbolic curvature; strong gravity; renormalization; QCD mass gap

Online: 18 April 2024 (14:04:58 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202301.0448.v1

The Impact of Event Scale – Revised: Examining its cutoff scores among Arab psychiatric patients and healthy adults within the context of COVID-19 as a collective traumatic event

Amira M. Ali, Saeed Abdullah Al-Dossary, Abdulaziz Mofdy Almarwani, Maha Atout, Rasmieh Al-Amer, And Abdulmajeed A. Alkhamees

Subject: Social Sciences, Psychology Keywords: Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R)/post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD); cutoff point/cutoff score; psychiatric patients/the general public/healthy adults; psychometric evaluation/criterion validity; Coronavirus Disease-19/COVID-19; Arabic version/Arab/Saudi Arabia

Online: 25 January 2023 (05:02:13 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201910.0227.v1

Lagrangian Drifter to Identify Ocean Eddy Characteristics

Peter C. Chu, Chenwu Fan

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Oceanography Keywords: lagrangian drifter; rafos floats; empirical model decomposition (emd); deterministic-stochastic emd; intrinsic mode function (imf); eddy radial scale; eddy velocity scale; eddy rossby number; eddy-current kinetic energy ratio

Online: 19 October 2019 (16:41:37 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201908.0059.v1

The Effect of Recreation in a Snow-Covered Forest Environment on the Psychological Relaxation of Young Females

Ernest Bielinis, Adrian Łukowski, Aneta Omelan, Sergii Boiko, Norimasa Takayama

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Forestry Keywords: deciduous forest; female; forest bathing; forest therapy; Positive and Negative Affect Schedule; Profile of Mood States; Restorative Outcome Scale; restoration; Shinrin-Yoku; snow covered forest; Subjective Vitality Scale; winter

Online: 5 August 2019 (08:56:32 CEST)

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Forest recreation can be successfully conducted for the purpose of psychological relaxation, as has been proven in previous scientific studies. During the winter in many countries, when snow cover occurs frequently, forest recreation (walking, relaxation, photography, etc.) is common. Nevertheless, whether forest therapy conducted in a forest environment with a snow cover will also have a positive effect on psychological indicators remains unknown. Furthermore, male subjects frequently participate in forest therapy experiments, whereas females are rarely involved. Thus, in this study, the effectuality of forest recreation during winter and with snow cover was tested on 32 young females. For these reasons, the experiment involved 15-minute periods of relaxation in a forest environment or in an urban environment, in addition to a pre-test under indoor conditions. Four psychological questionnaires (POMS, PANAS, ROS, SVS) were administered to participants before and after interventions. Results showed that participants’ levels of negative mood, as measured by different aspects of the POMS questionnaire (tension-anxiety, anger-hostility, depression-dejection, confusion, fatigue), decreased after exposure to the forest environment. In contrast, both tension-anxiety and anger-hostility increased in the urban environment. The indicator of negative affect from the PANAS questionnaire also increased after exposure to the urban environment, whereas the indicator of positive affect based on PANAS was higher in the forest environment than in the urban environment. Restorativeness and subjective vitality exhibited higher values after exposure to the forest environment in comparison to those from the control and pre-test. The changes in these indicators demonstrates that forest recreation in the snow during winter can significantly increase psychological relaxation in young females, as well as showing that recreation can be successfully conducted under these winter conditions.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201905.0357.v1

Collision Space-Time. Unified Quantum Gravity. Gravity is Lorentz Symmetry Break Down at the Planck Scale

Espen Haug

Subject: Physical Sciences, Quantum Science And Technology Keywords: Quantum gravity, granular matter, Lorentz symmetry break down at the Planck scale, Heisen- berg uncertainty break down at the Planck scale, indivisible particles, gravity and Lorentz symmetry break down.

Online: 29 May 2019 (16:31:56 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202310.0063.v1

Diagnostic Assessment in Wet and Dry Seasons of Simple Weirs Constructed by Small-scale Farmers in the Northern Region Provinces of Zambia

Alex Lushikanda KABWE, Masahiro HYODO, Hidehiro OGATA, Yoshihiro SAGAWA, Yoshinao ADACHI, Masayuki ISHII

Subject: Engineering, Other Keywords: ingle-line weir; small-scale irrigation; river diversion; rural areas; up-stream wa-ter level; emerging farmers

Online: 2 October 2023 (09:52:52 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202211.0367.v1

Self-Efficacy for Sustainable Gender Equality Practice in STEM Teacher Education in Spain and Greece

Cristina Miralles-Cardona, Ioanna Kitta

Subject: Social Sciences, Education Keywords: Sustainable gender equality; self-efficacy; gender mainstreaming; STEM higher education; STEM student teachers’ perceptions; scale validation, Spain, Creece

Online: 21 November 2022 (03:38:01 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.1698.v1

Intravenous Lipid Emulsions in Anticonvulsants' Toxicity

Simeonka Dimitrova Dimitrova, Stela Toshkova Dragomanova, Gabriela Krasimirova Kehayova

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pharmacology And Toxicology Keywords: intravenous lipid emulsion; acute intoxication; antiepileptics; antidote; Glasgow Coma Scale scores; QT interval

Online: 25 April 2024 (16:52:46 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.0041.v1

Refracted Gravity Solutions from Small to Large Scales

Valentina Cesare

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: modified gravity; dark matter; galaxy dynamics; acceleration scale; scaling relations; galaxy clusters; cosmology

Online: 1 February 2024 (12:55:19 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.0139.v1

LP-based Row Generation using Optimization-based Sorting Method for Solving Budget Allocation with a Combinatorial Number of Constraints

Aphisak Witthayapraphakorn, Sasarose Jaijit, Peerayuth Charnsethikul

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Computational Mathematics Keywords: row generation; sorting method; linear programming; large-scale problem; budget allocation; capital budgeting

Online: 2 November 2023 (08:44:38 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.0646.v1

Multi-Scale Recursive Identification of Urban Functional Areas Based on Multi-Source Data

Ting Liu, Gang Cheng, Jie Yang

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geography Keywords: Urban Functional Area; CA-RFM Model; Multi-scale recursive recognition; POI quantitative identification

Online: 9 August 2023 (02:45:19 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.1842.v1

MSTPose: Learning Enriched Visual Information with Multi-Scale Transformers for Human Pose Estimation

Chengyu Wu, Xin Wei, Shaohua Li, Ao Zhan

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning Keywords: human pose estimation; multi-scale transformer; coordinate attention; one-dimensional coordinate vector regression

Online: 27 June 2023 (03:11:38 CEST)

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Preprint SHORT NOTE | doi:10.20944/preprints202112.0201.v5

Wood Burial May Be a Leading Candidate for Carbon Sequestration

Kai Xu

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Environmental Science Keywords: Carbon sequestration; Elemental stoichiometry; Energy use efficiency; First principles; Sequestration scale; Sequestration time

Online: 9 January 2023 (01:14:28 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202208.0391.v1

Workplace Assessment Scale: Pilot Validation Study

Eileen Huang, Nicole E. Edgar, Sarah E. MacLean, Simon Hatcher

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Psychiatry And Mental Health Keywords: scale design; reliability; validity; first responders; mental health; workplace; occupational stress; humiliation; betrayal

Online: 23 August 2022 (03:50:00 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202207.0013.v1

Inorganic Powders Prepared from Fish Scales

Tatiana V. Safronova, Viktor I. Vorobyov, Natalia R. Kildeeva, Tatiana B. Shatalova, Otabek U. Toshev, Yaroslav Yu. Filippov, Artem O. Dmitrienko, Olga Т. Gavlina, Olga P. Chernega, Elena V. Nizhnikova, Marat M. Akhmedov, Konstantin A. Lysenko

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Biomaterials Keywords: fish scale powder; high-speed grinding; heat treatment; hydroxyapatite; magnesium whitlockite; nanosized grain

Online: 1 July 2022 (10:05:25 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202203.0355.v1

Scaled-Up Multi-Needle Electrospinning Process Using Parallel Plate Auxiliary Electrodes

Étienne J. Beaudoin, Maurício M. Kubaski, Mazen Samara, Ricardo J. Zednik, Nicole R. Demarquette

Subject: Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Keywords: electrospinning; multi-needle electrospinning; scale-up; auxiliary electrodes; nanofibers; non-woven membranes; PVDF

Online: 28 March 2022 (07:52:48 CEST)

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Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints202101.0499.v1

Integrated Machian Model of a Light Speed Rotating Universe

Satya Seshavatharam U.V, Lakshminarayana S

Subject: Physical Sciences, Acoustics Keywords: Mach's Universe; Planck scale; Cosmic Angular velocity; Galactic applications; shortened radius; shortened age;

Online: 25 January 2021 (13:46:20 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202010.0335.v1

Reflection Symmetry Axes Localization Framework for Object Intelligent Perception based on Salient Symmetry Feature

Kaichao Wu, Yuan Qi, Yuanju Ma, Cheng Liu, Dazhi Jiang

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Computer Science Keywords: Object perception; Reflection symmetry; Saliency Symmetry Model; Isotropic symmetry operator; Multi-scale implementation

Online: 15 October 2020 (16:32:18 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201812.0100.v1

On the Application of Massive MIMO Systems to Machine Type Communications

Felipe A. P. de Figueiredo, Fabbryccio A. C. M. Cardoso, Ingrid Moerman, Gustavo Fraidenraichz

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: Large-scale antenna systems, 5G networks, machine type communications, channel estimation, linear detection

Online: 10 December 2018 (12:38:34 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1448.v1

Multi-Sensor Soil Probe and Machine Learning Modeling

Sabine Grunwald, MOF Murad, Stephen Farrington, Woody Wallace, Daniel Rooney

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: digital twin, digital soil mapping, soil sensors, multi-sensor system, digital soil core, machine learning, artificial intelligence, soil properties, scale

Online: 18 September 2024 (15:49:20 CEST)

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We present a data-driven, in situ proximal multi-sensor digital soil mapping approach to develop digital twins for multiple agricultural fields. A novel Digital Soil CoreTM (DSC) Probe was engineered that contains seven sensors, each of a distinct modality, including sleeve friction, tip force, dielectric permittivity, electrical resistivity, soil imagery, acoustics, and visible and near-infrared spectroscopy. The DSC System integrates components the DSC Probe, DSC software, and deployment equipment to sense soil characteristics at a high vertical spatial resolution (mm scale) along in situ soil profiles up to a depth of 120 cm in about 60 sec. The DSC Probe in situ proximal data are harmonized into a data cube providing vertical high-density knowledge associated with physical-chemical-biological soil conditions. In contrast, conventional ex situ soil samples derived from soil cores, soil pits, or surface samples analyzed using laboratory and other methods are bound by substantially coarser spatial resolution and multiple compounding errors. Our objective was to investigate the effects of mismatched scale between high-resolution in situ proximal sensor data and coarser resolution ex situ soil laboratory measurements to develop soil prediction models. Our study was conducted in central California soil in almond orchards. We collected DSC sensor data and spatially co-located soil cores that were sliced into narrow layers for laboratory-based soil measurements. Partial Least Squares Regression (PLSR) cross-validation was used to compare results testing four data integration methods. Method A reduced the high-resolution sensor data to discrete values paired with layer-based soil laboratory measurements. Method B used stochastic distributions of sensor data paired with layer-based soil laboratory measurements. Method C allocated the same soil analytical data to each one of the high-resolution multi-sensor data within a soil layer. Method D linked the high-density multi-sensor soil data directly to crop responses (crop performance and behavior metrics) bypassing costly laboratory soil analysis. Overall, the soil models derived from Method C outperformed Methods A and B. Soil predictions derived using Method D were most cost-effective for directly assessing soil-crop relationships, making this method well-suited for industrial-scale precision agriculture applications.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201806.0349.v2

A Scale at 10 MeV, Gravitational Topological Vacuum, and Large Extra Dimensions

Ufuk Aydemir

Subject: Physical Sciences, Particle And Field Physics Keywords: MacDowell-Mansouri formalism; Bjorken-Zeldovich scale; Gauss-Bonnet term; Einstein-Cartan formalism; Big Bang Nucleosynthesis; cosmological constant; Kodama wavefunctions

Online: 2 August 2018 (08:57:01 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.1971.v1

Small-scale marine fishers’ possession of fishing vessel and its impact to their net income level: A Case Study in Takalar District, South Sulawesi Province of Indonesia

Ahmad Imam Muslim, Miho Fujimura, Tsuji Kazunari, Muslim Salam

Subject: Business, Economics And Management, Economics Keywords: Small-scale fisher, Fishers’ boat, Net income level of fishers, Row boat, Outboard motor boat, Motor boat

Online: 28 July 2023 (11:44:35 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201811.0534.v1

Saint Venant and Navier-Stokes Models for Tsunami Simulations

Camille Journeau, Kévin Pons, Richard Marcer

Subject: Engineering, Marine Engineering Keywords: tsunami; CFD; Saint Venant (SV) model; Adaptive Mesh Refinement (AMR); large scale propagation; 3D Navier-Stokes (NS) model; coastal impact

Online: 22 November 2018 (04:43:54 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.0146.v1

Full-scale Assessment of Seismic and Wind Load Performance in the Design of a Flexible Solar-Shading Double-Skin Façade

José Pérez-Fenoy, Carlos Rivera-Gómez, Jorge Roa-Fernández, Carmen Galán-Marín

Subject: Engineering, Architecture, Building And Construction Keywords: Double skin façade; Permeable cable-supported façade; Ceramic masonry façade; Full-scale wind and earthquake testing; Impact testing

Online: 2 November 2023 (10:33:32 CET)

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Working Paper ARTICLE

Our Peculiar Motion Inferred from Number Counts of Mid Infra Red AGNs and the Discordance Seen with the Cosmological Principle

Ashok K. Singal

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: active galactic nuclei surveys; cosmic background radiation; large-scale structure of universe; solar system peculiar motion; cosmological principle

Online: 22 March 2021 (11:58:59 CET)

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According to the Cosmological Principle the Universe is isotropic and no preferred direction would be seen by an observer that might be stationary with respect to the expanding cosmic fluid. However, because of observer’s partaking in the solar system peculiar motion, there would appear in some of the observed properties of the Cosmos a dipole anisotropy, which could in turn be exploited to determine the peculiar motion of the solar system. The dipole anisotropy in the Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation (CMBR) has given a peculiar velocity vector 370 km s−1 along l=264∘,b=48∘. However, some other dipoles, for instance, from the number counts, sky brightness or redshift distributions in large samples of distant Active Galactic Nuclei (AGNs), have yielded values of the peculiar velocity many times larger than that from the CMBR, though surprisingly, in all cases the directions agreed with the CMBR dipole. Here we determine our peculiar motion from a sample of 0.28 million AGNs, selected from the Mid Infra Red Active Galactic Nuclei (MIRAGN) sample comprising more than a million sources. From this, we find a peculiar velocity, which is more than four times the CMBR value, although the direction seems to be within ∼2σ of the CMBR dipole. A genuine value of the solar peculiar velocity should be the same irrespective of the data or the technique employed to estimate it. Therefore, such discordant dipole amplitudes, might mean that the explanation for these dipoles, including that of the CMBR, might in fact be something else. But, the observed fact that the direction in all cases, is the same, though obtained from completely independent surveys using different instruments and techniques, by different sets of people employing different computing routines, might nonetheless indicate that these dipoles are not merely due to some systematics, otherwise why would they all be pointing along the same direction. It might instead suggest a preferred direction in the Universe, implying a genuine anisotropy, which would violate the Cosmological Principle, the core of the modern cosmology.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201810.0629.v1

Multiscale Hydro-Meteorological Factors Variations and Its Links to Large-Scale Atmospheric Circulation Systems in the Source Region of Yangtze River

Jian Tang, Hui-Qun Cao

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Atmospheric Science And Meteorology Keywords: hydro-meteorological factors; large-scale atmospheric circulation systems; South Asia monsoon; streamflows; source region of the Yangtze River

Online: 26 October 2018 (11:52:13 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201709.0098.v2

A Conversion Method to Determine Regional Vegetation Cover Factor from Standard Plots based on Large Sample Theory and TM Images: A Case Study in the Eastern Farming-pasture Ecotone of Northern China

Degen Lin, Yuan Gao, Yaoyao Wu, Peijun Shi, Huiming Yang, Jing’ai Wang

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Remote Sensing Keywords: farming-pasture ecotone; TM image; remote sensing; vegetation cover factor; scale conversion; land use; high resolution image

Online: 21 September 2017 (16:33:49 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202301.0314.v1

Relationships between Serum Interleukin-6, Radiographic Severity and WOMAC Index in Patients with Primary Knee Osteoarthritis

Shereen Elwan, Faisal Mohammed Hilal, Ahmed Bashawyah, Antonella Paladini, Nema Soliman, Martina Rekatsina, Abdallah El-Sayed Allam, Yu-Ting Tai, Jui-An Lin, Giustino Varrassi, Riham Ahmed

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: Interleukin-6; primary knee osteoarthritis; Visual analogue scale; Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index; WOMAC; Kellegren-Lawrence score

Online: 18 January 2023 (01:58:20 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202212.0570.v1

Adaptive Multi-Scale Fusion of Image Deblurring Networks for Drone and Aerial Remote Sensing Object Detection

Baoyu Zhu, Qunbo Lv, Zheng Tan

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Remote Sensing Keywords: Drone and Aerial Remote Sensing; Image Deblurring; Generative Adversarial Networks; Multi-Scale; Image blur level; Object Detection; Deep Learning

Online: 30 December 2022 (04:45:12 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202005.0400.v1

What is the Real Shape of the Hubble Diagram, z = H₀*D or z+1= e^H0*t? Analysis of the SN1a Supernovae and Gamma Ray Burst Redshift/Magnitude Data including the High Redshift Range up to z = 8.1

Laszlo Marosi

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: galaxies; distances and redshift; high redshift; stars; Gamma ray bursts; individual; supernovae; individual; cosmology; distance scale; observations

Online: 24 May 2020 (19:07:56 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201702.0002.v1

Tests and Problems of the Standard Model in Cosmology

Martin Lopez-Corredoira

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: Cosmology; Observational cosmology; Origin, formation, and abundances of the elements; dark matter; dark energy; superclusters; large-scale structure of the Universe

Online: 1 February 2017 (16:06:52 CET)

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Preprint DATASET | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1183.v1

S-LIGHT: Synthetic Dataset for the Separation of Diffuse and Specular Reflection Images

Sangho Jo, Ohtae Jang, Chaitali Bhattacharyya, Minjun Kim, Taeseok Lee, Yewon Jang, Haekang Song, Hyeokmin Kwon, Saebyeol Do, Sungho Kim

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning Keywords: Single Image based Deep Learning Model, Specular Highlight Removal, Reflection Removal, Synthetic Dataset, Multi-Scale Normalized Cross Correlation (MS-NCC)

Online: 21 November 2023 (10:00:38 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.2344.v1

Pre-Dam Vltava River Valley—A Case Study of 3D Visualization of Large-scale GIS Datasets in Unreal Engine

Michal Janovský

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geography Keywords: Game engine; Unreal Engine; large-scale landscape visualization; GIS data; procedural modeling; CityEngine; Vitruvio

Online: 29 July 2024 (16:09:12 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1230.v1

Wafer-Scale Characterization of 1692-Pixel-Per-Inch Blue Micro-LED Arrays with an Optimized ITO Layer

Eun-Kyung Chu, Eun Jeong Youn, Hyun Woong Kim, Bum Doo Park, Ho Kun Sung, Hyeong-Ho Park

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Materials Science And Technology Keywords: micro-light-emitting diode; indium tin oxide; wafer-scale characterization; high pixel per inch

Online: 20 March 2024 (13:17:30 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0972.v1

Thermodynamical Metrics in General Relativity Theory

Espen Haug

Subject: Physical Sciences, Theoretical Physics Keywords: Thermodynamics, metrics, General relativity, Hawking temperature, CMB temperature, Planck scale, black holes.

Online: 18 March 2024 (10:34:13 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.1076.v1

Comparison of Cold Pool Characteristics of Two Distinct Gust Fronts over Bohai Sea Bay in China

Changyi Xu, Xian Xiao

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Atmospheric Science And Meteorology Keywords: Gust fronts (GFs); Cold pool; Vertical wind shear; Meso-γ-scale vortices (MVs); VDRAS

Online: 15 January 2024 (04:34:21 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202310.1577.v1

HRFNet: A Novel Hierarchical Rich-scale Fusion Network for Remote Sensing Semantic Segmentation

Haoxue Zhang, Gang Xie

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Computer Vision And Graphics Keywords: High Resolution; Remote Sensing Image; Convolutional Neural Network; Attention Mechanism; Hierarchical Rich-scale Fusion

Online: 27 October 2023 (12:14:39 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202310.0395.v1

On the fractional derivative duality in some transforms

Manuel Duarte Ortigueira, Gabriel Bengochea

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Mathematics Keywords: Liouville derivative; scale derivative; Hadamard derivative; Laplace transform; Mellin transform; Z transform; Fourier transform

Online: 9 October 2023 (15:13:50 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.1664.v1

Analysis of Price Influencing Factors of Small-Scale Agricultural Products Based on Network Perspective

Lifang Fu, Huaxu Zhang

Subject: Business, Economics And Management, Econometrics And Statistics Keywords: small-scale agricultural products; price affecting factors; text analysis; sentiment analysis; TVP-VAR model

Online: 26 September 2023 (08:16:34 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.1076.v1

Hybrid Post-processing on GEFSv12 Reforecast for Summer Maximum Temperature Ensemble Forecasts on Extended Range Time Scale over Taiwan

Murali Nageswara Rao Malasala, Yuejian Zhu, Vijay Tallapragada, Meng-Shih Chen

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Atmospheric Science And Meteorology Keywords: deep learning; Ensemble Forecast; GEFSv12; extended range time scale; Hybrid Postprocessing; maximum temperature; Taiwan

Online: 18 September 2023 (05:48:44 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202210.0131.v1

Adversarial Patch Attack on Multi-Scale Object Detection for Remote Sensing Image

Yichuang Zhang, Yu Zhang, Jiahao Qi, Kangcheng Bin, Hao Wen, Ping Zhong

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Computer Vision And Graphics Keywords: Adversarial examples; Remote sensing images; Universal adversarial patch; Object detection; Joint optimization; Scale factor.

Online: 11 October 2022 (02:34:23 CEST)

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Working Paper ARTICLE

Reassessing Dust's Role in Forming the CMB

Fulvio Melia

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: cosmic microwave background; cosmological parameters; cosmology: observations; cosmology: redshift; cosmology: theory; large-scale structure

Online: 14 June 2020 (16:16:26 CEST)

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Working Paper ARTICLE

Period Doubling Phenomenon as the Origin of Electron Properties

Ari Lehto

Subject: Physical Sciences, Atomic And Molecular Physics Keywords: period doubling; electron structure; elementary charge; electron magnetic moment; fine structure constant; Planck scale; Standard Model

Online: 20 August 2020 (04:08:27 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202004.0302.v1

From Local to Global: A Transfer Learning-Based Approach for Mapping Poplar Plantations at Large Scale

Yousra Hamrouni, Éric Paillassa, Véronique Chéret, Claude Monteil, David Sheeren

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Environmental Science Keywords: active learning; poplar plantations; spatial transfer; sentinel-2; large scale; image classification; random forest

Online: 17 April 2020 (15:05:54 CEST)

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Reliable estimates of poplar plantations area are not available at the French national scale due to the unsuitability and low update rate of existing forest databases for this short-rotation species. While supervised classification methods have been shown to be highly accurate in mapping forest cover from remotely sensed images, their performance depends to a great extent on the labelled samples used to build the models. In addition to their high acquisition cost, such samples are often scarce and not fully representative of the variability in class distributions. Consequently, when classification models are applied to large areas with high intra-class variance, they generally yield poor accuracies. In this paper, we propose the use of active learning (AL) to efficiently adapt a classifier trained on a source image to spatially distinct target images with minimal labelling effort and without sacrificing classification performance. The adaptation consists in actively adding to the initial local model, new relevant training samples from other areas, in a cascade that iteratively improves the generalisation capabilities of the classifier, leading to a global model tailored to different areas. This active selection relies on uncertainty sampling to directly focus on the most informative pixels for which the algorithm is the least certain of their class labels. Experiments conducted on Sentinel-2 time series showed that when the same number of training samples was used, active learning outperformed passive learning (random sampling) by up to 5% of overall accuracy and up to 12% of class F-score. In addition, and depending on the class considered, the random sampling required up to 50% more samples to achieve the same performance of an active learning-based model. Moreover, the results demonstrate the suitability of the derived global model to accurately map poplar plantations among other tree species with overall accuracy values up to 14% higher than those obtained with local models. The proposed approach paves the way for national-scale mapping in an operational context.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201806.0266.v1

Improved Collecting Line Current Protection Scheme against Large-scale Wind Generators Tripping off

Wei Jin, Yuping Lu, Tao Huang

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: Collecting line current protection (CLPC); coordination protection; large-scale WGs trip-off; risk indicator

Online: 18 June 2018 (13:48:38 CEST)

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There have been several cases of large-scale wind generators (WGs) tripping off caused by untimely fault removing in recent years. Currently, the discoordination between the box-type transformer fuse protection (BTFP) and two-section collecting line current protection (CLCP) brings a security risk to wind farm. In order to ensure the selectivity, the first section (Sec-I) CLCP should be set a enough interval that is longer than the fuse melting time, and another interval is set for the Sec-II CLCP, which weakens the speed of the CLCP. When a fault occurs on the collecting line, there is no doubt that WGs cannot work too long in abnormal operation, which may cause WGs to be placed off the grid. For a power system with high penetration of wind power, large-scale WGs tripping off will cause a great power shortage, and affect the stability of the power system. The selectivity and sensitivity of the CLCP is analyzed in detail to make the CLCP speed better. Considering the fault ride-through ability of WGs, the fault clear time is an important factor to lead to large-scale WGs tripping off. Two main works are done in this paper. The first is to accelerate the speed of the Sec-I CLCP though reducing the protection zone. Another one is introduce the risk assessment module into the CLCP, which not only improve the speed of the CLCP but also ensure the safety of the wind farm during faults. According to the deference in trip-off causes of WGs, the matching functions are created to assess the trip-off risk of WGs on the spot. In the case of fault, the trip-off risk indicators of WGs are timely updated to data sharing center and open to the CLCPs. The set of risk indicators is divided into several subsets according to the risk range. The dynamic changes of the subsets during fault help to improved CLCP scheme. This scheme can accelerate protection speed based on the increasing risk of large-scale WGs tripping off in wind farms. Compared with traditional CLCP, this approach can make the CLCP combines selectivity and speed better based on the analysis of the ride- through ability of WGs.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201711.0049.v1

Influence of Perceptual Range on Perceived Restoration

Moohan Kim, Jae-Hyuck Lee, Woo-Yeong Joo

Subject: Arts And Humanities, Architecture Keywords: spatial perception; Perceived Restorativeness Scale; urban greening; cognitive mapping; environmental restorative effect; perceptual range

Online: 8 November 2017 (03:11:06 CET)

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Working Paper REVIEW

Ten Golden Rules for Reforestation to Optimise Carbon Sequestration, Biodiversity Recovery and Livelihood Benefits

Alice Di Sacco, Kate Hardwick, David Blakesley, Pedro H. S. Brancalion, Elinor Breman, Loic Cecilio Rebola, Susan Chomba, Kingsley Dixon, Stephen Elliott, Godfrey Ruyonga, Kirsty Shaw, Paul Smith, Rhian J. Smith, Alexandre Antonelli

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Forestry Keywords: Afforestation; Climate change mitigation; Ecological Restoration; Forest landscape restoration; Large-scale tree planting; Natural regeneration; Nature-based solutions; Stakeholders participation

Online: 5 September 2020 (08:01:43 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202007.0200.v2

Light Speed Expansion and Rotation of a Very Dark Machian Universe Having Internal Acceleration

U.V.S. Seshavatharam, S. Lakshminarayana

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: Planck scale; Machian universe; Speed of light; Galactic dark matter; Galactic visible mass; Galactic visible mass density; Cosmic anisotropy; Galactic internal acceleration; Cosmic graviton wavelength

Online: 12 July 2020 (14:20:12 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201904.0105.v1

Weighing Cosmological Models with SNe Ia and GRB Redshift Data

Rajendra P. Gupta

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: galaxies; supernovae; GRB; distances and redshifts; cosmic microwave background radiation; distance scale; cosmology theory; cosmological constant; Hubble constant; general relativity; TMT

Online: 9 April 2019 (11:38:12 CEST)

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Many models have been proposed to explain the intergalactic redshift using different observational data and different criteria for the goodness-of-fit of a model to the data. The purpose of this paper is to examine several suggested models using the same supernovae Ia data and gamma-ray burst (GRB) data with the same goodness-of-fit criterion and weigh them against the standard

Λ

CDM model. We have used the redshift – distance modulus (

z - μ

) data for 580 supernovae Ia with

0.015 \leq z \leq 1.414

to determine the parameters for each model, and then use these model parameter to see how each model fits the sole SNe Ia data at

z = 1.914

and the GRB data up to

z = 8.1

. For the goodness-of-fit criterion, we have used the chi-square probability determined from the weighted least square sum through non-linear regression fit to the data relative to the values predicted by each model. We find that the standard ΛCDM model gives the highest chi-square probability in all cases albeit with a rather small margin over the next best model - the recently introduced nonadiabatic Einstein de Sitter model. We have made (

z - μ

) projections up to

z = 1096

for the best four models. The best two models differ in

μ

only by 0.328 at

z = 1096

, a tiny fraction of the measurement errors that are in the high redshift datasets.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.0236.v2

God’s Certainty-Uncertainty Principle versus Heisenberg’s Uncertainty Principle: A Possible Path to Unification of Gravity and Quantum Mechanics

Espen Haug

Subject: Physical Sciences, Theoretical Physics Keywords: Heisenberg’ s uncertainty principle; general relativity; quantum gravity; quantum mechanics; Compton wavelength; de Broglie wavelength; Planck scale

Online: 19 September 2024 (03:17:24 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201907.0268.v1

Development of Technology of Release of Iron and Its Oxidic Connections from Dump Steel-Smelting Slag

Sokhibjon Turdaliyevich Matkarimov, Anvar Abdullayevich Yusupkhodjayev, Bakhriddin Berdiyarov Berdiyarov

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Metals, Alloys And Metallurgy Keywords: slag; metallurgical dust; rolling scale; tails of dressing-works; iron; magnetite; fusion mixture; melting; arc steel-smelting furnace; production efficiency

Online: 24 July 2019 (09:06:41 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.1660.v1

Environmental-Socioeconomics Factors and Technology Adoption: Empirical Evidence from Small-scale Salt Farmers in Improving Technical Efficiency in Madurese Coastal Area, East Java, Indonesia

Campina Illa Prihantini, Nuhfil Hanani, Syafrial Syafrial, Rosihan Asmara

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Sustainable Science And Technology Keywords: geomembrane; data envelopment analysis; adoption of production technology; propensity score matching; small-scale solar saltworks; Madurese coastal area; Indonesia

Online: 27 May 2024 (10:55:45 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.0566.v1

Prognostic Value of a New Tool (the 3d/3d+) for Pre-dicting 30-Day Mortality in Emergency Department Patients Aged 75 Years and Older

Dolors Garcia-Pérez, Anabelén Vena-Martínez, Laura Robles-Perea, Teresa Roselló-Padullés, Joan Espaulella-Panicot, Anna Arnau

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Emergency Medicine Keywords: Emergency department; Elderly; Geriatric assessment; Frailty; Frailty transitions; Mortality; Clinical Frailty Scale; Identification of Seniors at Risk screening tool.

Online: 8 September 2023 (13:00:05 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202208.0176.v1

Psychometric Evaluation of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale 8-items (DASS-8)/DASS-12/DASS-21 among Italian and Swiss Family Caregivers of Patients with Dementia

Amira Ali, Rana Ali Alameri, Amin Omar Hendawy, Rasmieh Al-Amer, Ghada Shahrour, Esraa M. Ali, Abdulmajeed A. Alkhamees, Nashwa Ibrahim, Bothaina Hussein Hassan

Subject: Social Sciences, Psychology Keywords: psychological distress/anxiety/depression; dementia; Alzheimer’s disease; Parkinson’s disease; short form of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale 21; Depression Anxiety Stress Scale 8-items; factor structure; psychometric properties; structural validity; validation; measurement invariance; old age/elders/elderly; informal; family caregivers; spouse; adult children

Online: 9 August 2022 (08:44:11 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.1330.v1

Propagation of a Partially Coherent Bessel—Gaussian Beam in a Uniform Medium and Turbulent Atmosphere

Igor Lukin, Vladimir P. Lukin

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Atmospheric Science And Meteorology Keywords: singular optics; Bessel—Gaussian beams; vortex beams; diffraction-free beams; partial coherence; Gaussian Shell-model; propagation; coherence degree; integral coherence scale

Online: 21 May 2024 (17:21:58 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202012.0758.v4

The Dirac Electron Consistent with Proper Gravitational and Electromagnetic Field of the Kerr-Newman Solution

Alexander Burinskii

Subject: Physical Sciences, Particle And Field Physics Keywords: Kerr-Newman black hole; Compton scale; Dirac equations, fermionic string; frame dragging; Wilson loop; Heisenberg picture; Schrodinger picture; Kerr-Schild coordinates

Online: 15 March 2021 (16:10:02 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.1525.v1

Validity evidence for using the Situational Motivation Scale to assess pre-clerkship medical student motivation.

Brian Wasicek, Douglas McHugh

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Other Keywords: Medical students; motivation; situational motivation scale; SIMS validity evidence; undergraduate medical education; pre-clerkship curriculum

Online: 23 May 2024 (09:50:45 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.1310.v1

Large-Scale Solar Potential Analysis as a Use Case of Urban Digital Twins

Evgeny Shirinyan, Dessislava Petrova-Antonova

Subject: Engineering, Architecture, Building And Construction Keywords: 3D city model; urban digital twin; solar radiation analysis; CAD tool application at city scale

Online: 20 May 2024 (20:16:53 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0136.v1

Integrating Genome-Scale Metabolic Models with Patient Plasma Metabolome to Study Endothelial Metabolism In Situ

Fernando Silva-Lance, Isabel Montejano-Montelongo, Eric Bautista, Lars K. Nielsen, Pär I. Johansson, Igor Marin de Mas

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: Metabolic Network Analysis; Genome-Scale Metabolic Models; Exo-Metabolomics Integration; Sampling Algorithms; Endothelial Cell Metabolism

Online: 4 March 2024 (14:02:11 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202310.1702.v1

Research on the Shock Environment Characteristics of Marine Diesel Engine Based on a Large Floating Impact Platform

Yu Zhang, Jun Li, Chun hui Zhang, Wei Chen, Zhi peng Du, Xiao bin Li

Subject: Engineering, Marine Engineering Keywords: large-scale floating shock platform (LFSP); shock environments; underwater explosion; marine diesel engines; shock spectra

Online: 26 October 2023 (11:40:15 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202310.1180.v1

Piloting Bioethanol Production from Source-Separated Food Waste Boosts TRL

Fotis Chatzimaliakas, Diogenis Christianides, Dimitris Malamis, Sofia Mai, Elli Maria P. Barampouti

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Waste Management And Disposal Keywords: Source-separated kitchen waste; Simultaneous saccharification and fermentation; Bioethanol yield; Pilot-Scale; Fresh food waste

Online: 22 October 2023 (09:05:10 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202310.0774.v1

Comparative Study of Two Commercial Brain Volumetry Software: Assessing Medial Temporal Lobe Atrophy

Jimin Kim, Se Won Oh, Jee-Young Kim, Regina EY Kim, Donghyeon Kim

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: Alzheimer’s disease; volumetry software; MRI; medial temporal lobe atrophy; Scheltens’ scale; NeuroQuant®; Aqua®

Online: 12 October 2023 (05:35:02 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202310.0329.v1

Marine Cultural Target Detection for Underwater Robotics Based on Deep Aggregation Network with Deformation Convolution

Yutuo Yang, Wei Liang, Daoxian Zhou, Yinlong Zhang, Gaofei Xu

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Robotics Keywords: autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV); underwater target detection; deformable convolution; multi-scale deep aggregation; attention mechanism

Online: 6 October 2023 (11:51:19 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.1174.v1

ENN: Hierarchical Image Classification Ensemble Neural Network for Large-Scale Automated Detection of Potential Design Infringement

Chan Jae Lee, Seong Ho Jeong, Young Yoon

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning Keywords: Design Right Infringement; Deep Learning; Ensemble Learning; Image Classification; Object Detection; Large-Scale Detection System

Online: 19 September 2023 (03:03:46 CEST)

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This paper presents a two-stage hierarchical neural network using image classification and object detection algorithms as key building blocks for a system that automatically detects a potential design right infringement. This neural network is trained to return the Top-N original design right records that highly resemble the input image of a counterfeit. Design rights specify the unique aesthetic characteristics of a product. Due to the rapid change of trends, new design rights are continuously generated. This work proposes an Ensemble Neural Network (ENN), an artificial neural network model that aims to deal with a large amount of counterfeit data and design right records that are frequently added and deleted. At first, we performed image classification and objection detection learning per design right using the existing models with a proven track record of high accuracy. The distributed models form the backbone of the ENN and yield intermediate results aggregated at a master neural network. This master neural network is a deep residual network paired with a fully connected network. This ensemble layer is trained to determine the sub-models that return the best result for a given input image of a product. In the final stage, the ENN model multiples the inferred similarity coefficients to the weighted input vectors produced by the individual sub-models to assess the similarity between the test input image and the existing product design rights to see any sign of violation. Given 84 design rights and the sample product images taken meticulously under various conditions, our ENN model achieved average Top-1 and Top-3 accuracies of 98.409% and 99.460%, respectively. Upon introducing new design rights data, a partial update of the inference model was done an order of magnitude faster than the single model. ENN maintained a high level of accuracy as it scaled out to handle more design rights. Therefore, the ENN model is expected to offer practical help to the inspectors in the field, such as the customs at the border that deal with a swarm of products.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.0762.v1

Burden of Care of Family Caregivers for People Diagnosed with Serious Mental Disorders in a Rural Health District in Kwa-Zulu-Natal, South Africa

Jabulile Thembelihle Ndlovu, Kebogile Elizabeth Mokwena

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public Health And Health Services Keywords: Zarit Burden Interview scale; burden of care; home care giving; severe mental illness; rural setting

Online: 10 August 2023 (05:32:21 CEST)

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Jabulile Ndlovu1 and Kebogile Mokwena1, 2 1 Department of Public Health, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, Pretoria, South Africa 2 Research Chair in Substance abuse and population Mental Health, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, Pretoria, South Africa Corresponding author: jabulilendlovu5@gmail.com Abstract An estimated 6% of the world population has serious mental illness, with one in four families having a member with some form of psychiatric disorder, who are mostly cared for by their relatives within a family setting. Although caregiving in a home setting is reported to be associated with significant mental distress, the burden of such distress is rarely measured. The purpose of this study was to quantify the burden of care among family caregivers of relatives with serious mental disorders, as well as to explore possible association between the caregiver burden of care and a range of caregiver and Mental Health Care User (MHCU) variables in a rural district in Kwa-Zulu Natal, South Africa. The Zarit Burden Interview (ZBI) scale was used to collect data from 357 caregivers, and STATA 14 was used to analyze data. The ages of the sample ranged from 18 to 65, with a mean of 50.29, and the majority (86%) were female and unemployed (83%). The ZBI scores ranged from 8 to 85, with a mean of 41.59. The majority (91%) tested positive for caregiver burden of care, which ranged from mild to severe. Using the Pearson Chi-square test of association (p=0.05), variables that were significantly associated with the burden of care were clinically related (caregiver self-reported depression, MHCU diagnosis, recent relapse of the MHCU), socio-economic (caregiver family monthly income, MHCU disability grant status and MHCU employment status) and socio-demographic (MHCU gender and MHCU level of education). The prevalence of burden of care is high and severe, and scarcity of resources in families and communities contribute to the high burden of care in these rural communities.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0780.v1

A Lightweight Detection Algorithm for Unmanned Surface Vehicles Based on Multi-Scale Feature Fusion

Lei Zhang, Xiang DU, Renran Zhang, Jian Zhang

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning Keywords: unmanned surface vehicle; multi-scale feature; lightweight detection algorithm; dynamic head; coordinate convolution; YOLOv7-tiny

Online: 12 June 2023 (07:09:57 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0536.v1

Wave Behavior Characteristics of Elastically Supported Fluid-Conveying Carbon Nanotubes under the Influence of Magnetic Fields

Qian Deng, Ming Li, Liufei Lv

Subject: Physical Sciences, Other Keywords: Fluid conveying carbon nanotubes; Timoshenko beams; Small-scale effects; Magnetic flux; Non-local strain gradients

Online: 7 June 2023 (10:39:43 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0094.v1

Sustainable Metabolic Engineering Design Development Employing a Complex Objective Function

Reinis Muiznieks, Elina Dace, Egils Stalidzans

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biology And Biotechnology Keywords: economic sustainability; environmental sustainability; social sustainability; genome scale metabolic model; metabolic engineering; growth coupled production

Online: 3 May 2023 (04:32:50 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202206.0249.v1

Validation of the Cooling Model for TMCP Processing of Steel Sheets with Oxide Scale by Industrial Experiment Data

Emmanuil Beygelzimer, Yan Beygelzimer

Subject: Engineering, Industrial And Manufacturing Engineering Keywords: rolled flat products; accelerated cooling; temperature; mathematical model; oxide scale; Ther-mo-Mechanical Controlled Process

Online: 17 June 2022 (05:14:37 CEST)

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Working Paper REVIEW

Machine Learning of Spatial Data

Behnam Nikparvar, Jean-Claude Thill

Subject: Social Sciences, Geography, Planning And Development Keywords: spatial machine learning; spatial dependence; spatial heterogeneity; scale; spatial observation matrix; learning algorithm; deep learning

Online: 6 August 2021 (14:18:55 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202106.0569.v1

Effects of Clinical Characteristics on Sleep Quality in Patients with Chronic Temporomandibular Disorders

Yeon-Hee Lee, Q-Schick Auh, Jung-Sub An, Tae Kim

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dentistry And Oral Surgery Keywords: Sleep quality; Chronic pain; Temporomandibular disorder; Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index; STOP-Bang; Epworth Sleepiness Scale

Online: 23 June 2021 (11:11:14 CEST)

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Objectives: This study aimed to investigate and compare sleep quality between patients with chronic temporomandibular disorder and healthy controls, and to analyze the association of sleep quality with disease characteristics, obstructive sleep apnea risk factors, and excessive daytime sleepiness. Methods: Chronic temporomandibular disorder patients (n=503) and 180 age- and sex-matched healthy controls were included, who completed well-organized clinical report and answered questions on sleep quality (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index), sleep apnea risk factors (STOP-Bang questionnaire), and excessive daytime sleepiness (Epworth sleepiness scale). Results: Mean global Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index scores were significantly higher in the patients (6.25±2.77) than in healthy controls (6.25±2.77) (p<0.001). Poor sleep was significantly more prevalent in the patient group (56.9%) than in healthy controls (22.2%) (p<0.001). Compared with healthy controls, chronic temporomandibular disorder patients had a higher likelihood of obstructive sleep apnea. (STOP-Bang total score ≥3; 7.2% vs. 16.1%; p<0.01) and higher excessive daytime sleepiness (Epworth sleepiness scale score ≥10; 12.8% vs. 19.7%; p<0.05). Age (odds ratio=2.551; p<0.001), female sex (odds ratio=1.885; p=0.007), total Epworth sleepiness scale score (odds ratio=1.839; p=0.014), and headache attributed to temporomandibular disorder (odds ratio=1.519; p=0.049) were the most powerful predictors of poor sleep (global Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index score ≥5) in chronic temporomandibular disorder patients. Conclusion: Chronic temporomandibular disorder patients had sleep quality impairment. Various factors, including peripheral and central factors, affect the patient's sleep quality. Therefore, in addition to sleep quality and sleep-related problems, the underlying central mechanism for poor sleep quality should be assessed when treating chronic temporomandibular disorder patients.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202105.0282.v2

Design Optimization of Centrifugal Microfluidic "Lab-on-a-Disc" Systems towards Fluidic Larger-Scale Integration

Jens Ducrée

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Software Keywords: centrifugal microfluidics, Lab-on-a-Disc, large-scale integration, reliability, tolerances, band width, packing density

Online: 8 June 2021 (12:07:35 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202012.0409.v1

Personalized Biometrics of Physical Pain Agree with Its Psychological Perception by Participants with Sensory Over Responsivity

Jihye Ryu, Tami Bar-Shalita, Yelena Granovsky, Irit Weissman-Fogel, Elizabeth B. Torres

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: EEG; pain biometrics; stochastic analyses; micro-movements spikes; sensory over responsivity; standardized scale; personalized pain

Online: 16 December 2020 (13:19:42 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202010.0298.v2

Cosmic Ray Extremely Distributed Observatory

Piotr Homola, Dmitriy Beznosko, Gopal Bhatta, Łukasz Bibrzycki, Łukasz Bratek, Michalina Borczyńska, Nikolay M. Budnev, Dariusz Burakowski, David Edwin Alvarez-Castillo, Kevin Almeida Cheminant, Aleksander Ćwikła, Punsiri Dam-o, Niraj Dhital, Alan Duffy, Piotr Głownia, Krzysztof Gorzkiewicz, Dariusz Góra, Alok C. Gupta, Zuzana Hlávková, Martin Homola, Joanna Jałocha, Robert Kamiński, Michał Karbowiak, Marcin Kasztelan, Renata Kierepko, Marek Knap, Péter Kovács, Szymon Kuliński, Bartosz Łozowski, Marek Magryś, Mikhail V. Medvedev, Justyna Mędrala, Jerzy W. Mietelski, Justyna Miszczyk, Alona Mozgova, Antonio Napolitano, Vahab Nazari, Y. Jack Ng, Michał Niedźwiecki, Cristina Oancea, Bogusław Ogan, Gabriela Opiła, Krzysztof Oziomek, Maciej Pawlik, Marcin Piekarczyk, Bożena Poncyljusz, Jerzy Pryga, Matías Rosas, Krzysztof Rzecki, Jilberto Zamora-Saa, Katarzyna Smelcerz, Karel Smolek, Weronika Stanek, Jarosław Stasielak, Slawomir Stuglik, Jolanta Sulma, Oleksandr Sushchov, Manana Svanidze, Kyle Tam, Arman Tursunov, José-M. Vaquero, Tadeusz Wibig, Krzysztof W. Woźniak

Subject: Physical Sciences, Nuclear And High Energy Physics Keywords: cosmic rays; cosmic ray ensembles; extensive air showers; large scale cosmic ray correlations; CREDO Collaboration

Online: 15 October 2020 (16:13:43 CEST)

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Preprint SHORT NOTE | doi:10.20944/preprints202005.0287.v1

The Impacts of COVID-19 to Small Scale Fisheries in Tun Mustapha Park, Sabah, Malaysia; What Do We Know So Far?

Joannie Jomitol, Adam J. Payne, Sarmalin Sakirun, Mohd. Omar Bural

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Aquatic Science Keywords: COVID-19; small scale fisheries; artisarnal fishers; coastal communities; marine protected area; Malaysia; fisheries; impacts

Online: 17 May 2020 (08:46:10 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201803.0010.v1

The Effect of Propeller Scaling Methodology on the Performance Prediction

Stephan Helma, Heinrich Streckwall, Jan Richter

Subject: Engineering, Marine Engineering Keywords: propeller scale effects; propeller open-water efficiency; surface roughness; equivalent profile; strip method; betai method

Online: 1 March 2018 (15:58:14 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201802.0165.v1

The Importance and Effectiveness of Carotid Endarterectomy in Ischaemic Stroke or TIA with Significant Carotid Stenosis

Muhammad Shohel Almamun, Mobashshereen Khan

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: Cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leuco encephalopathy (CADASIL); Carotid Endarterectomy (CEA); Modified Rankin Scale (MRS); Computed Tomography(CT); Tissue plasminogen activator (tPA); Diffusion weighted Imaging (DWI); Recognition of Stroke in the Emergency Room (ROSIER) scale; Magnetic resonance Imaging (MRI); Internal Carotid Artery (ICA)

Online: 26 February 2018 (11:46:47 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202001.0266.v1

Wave and Hydrodynamic Processes in the Vicinity of a Rubble-mound, Permeable, Zero-freeboard Breakwater

Theofano Koutrouveli, Athanassios Dimas

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: rubble-mound; zero-freeboard; porous-media; immersed-boundary; level-set; Smagorinsky subgrid scale model; wave reflection; wave transmission; wave overtopping; wave setup

Online: 23 January 2020 (14:43:47 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.1717.v1

Outcomes of Active Middle Ear Implants: Speech Perception and Quality of Life

Marzouqi Salamah, Athair Alradhi, Farid Alzhrani, Medhat Yousef

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Otolaryngology Keywords: ; Active middle ear implants; Pure Tone Average; Speech Reception Threshold; Speech Discrimination Score; Speech Spatial and Qualities of Hearing scale

Online: 24 July 2024 (14:46:42 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.1203.v1

Computational Thinking Measurement of CS University Students

Raquel Hijón-Neira, Celeste Pizarro, John French, Daniel Palacios-Alonso, Emre Çoban

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Computer Science Keywords: Computational Thinking; Programming; Performance-based assessment platform; Interactive web app; Evaluation methods; Psychometric scale; Students evaluation

Online: 20 May 2024 (10:11:12 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.1531.v1

An Evaluation of the Primary Causative Factors Affecting Durability of Flow Diversion Simple Weirs in Muchinga Province in Zambia

Alex Lushikanda KABWE, Masahiro HYODO, Hidehiko OGATA, Yoshihiro Sagawa, Yoshinao ADACHI, Masayuki ISHII

Subject: Engineering, Other Keywords: farmer-led small-scale irrigation; operation and maintenance; catchment characteristics; durability assessment; local material; farmer perception

Online: 23 April 2024 (17:59:45 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.0371.v1

Is Entropy a Force of Nature?

Martin Johnson

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: dark energy
cosmic background radiation
dark ages
large-scale structure of the Universe

Online: 7 February 2024 (03:37:23 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1856.v1

Effects of Anthropogenic Activities on Sardinella maderensis (Lowe, 1838) Fisheries in Coastal Communities of Ibeju-Lekki, Lagos, Nigeria

Temitope Adewale, Denis Aheto, Isaac Okyere, Olufemi Soyinka, Samuel Dekolo

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Environmental Science Keywords: Small-scale fisheries; anthropogenic threats; Sardinella maderensis; land use change; Nigeria; remote sensing; pollution

Online: 29 November 2023 (06:32:38 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.0401.v1

Influence of Comorbidities on Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Outcomes: Risk Prediction of Acute Exacerbations Using the Cumulative Illness Rating Scale (Cirs)

Domenico Di Raimondo, Edoardo Pirera, Chiara Pintus, Riccardo De Rosa, Martina Profita, Gaia Musiari, Gherardo Siscaro, Antonino Tuttolomondo

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Aging Keywords: Comorbidity; Multimorbidity; Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease; COPD; Cumulative Illness Rating Scale; acute exacerbation of COPD (AECOPD)

Online: 7 November 2023 (10:33:41 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202302.0299.v1

Using Ensemble Convolutional Neural Network to Detect Deepfakes Using Periocular Data

David Johnson, Xiaohonh Yuan, Kaushik Roy

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Computer Science Keywords: deepfake detection; CNN; deep neural network; computer vision; scale invariant feature transform; histogram of oriented gradients

Online: 17 February 2023 (06:51:37 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202202.0277.v2

Research on Mechanical Braking Model of Cows Knee Joint

Meng Liu, Kexin Meng, Shuli Mei, Ruyi Xing

Subject: Physical Sciences, Mathematical Physics Keywords: Dairy cow; Lyapunov exponent; bio-mechanical model; Nonlinear dynamics; gait; Weight scale; Three-link model; Fractals

Online: 24 February 2022 (09:57:02 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202108.0389.v1

Task-Adaptive Embedding Learning with Dynamic Kernel Fusion for Few-Shot Remote Sensing Scene Classification

Pei Zhang, Guoliang Fan, Chanyue Wu, Dong Wang, Ying Li

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning Keywords: remote-sensing classification; scene classification; few-shot learning; meta-learning; vision transformers; multi-scale feature fusion

Online: 18 August 2021 (14:29:29 CEST)

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