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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202012.0333.v1

ATmospheric LIDar (ATLID): European Space Agency Instrument Ready to Measure Aerosols and Thin Clouds in Atmosphere

João Pereira do Carmo, Geraud de Villele, Kotska Wallace, Alain Lefebvre, Kaustav Ghose, Thomas Kanitz, François Chassat, Bertrand Corselle, Thomas Belhadj, Paolo Bravetti

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Atmospheric Science And Meteorology Keywords: LIDAR; UV laser; high spectral resolution; aerosols

Online: 14 December 2020 (13:11:08 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202006.0111.v1

A Novel Family of Quadrupole-Orbitrap Mass Spectrometers for a Broad Range of Analytical Applications

Jan-Peter Hauschild, Amelia Corinne Peterson, Erik Couzijn, Eduard Denisov, Denis Chernyshev, Christian Hock, Hamish Stewart, Ralf Hartmer, Dmitry Grinfeld, Christian Thoeing, Bastian Reitemeier, Arne Kreutzmann, Oliver Lange, Wilko Balschun, Aivaras Venckus, Sebastian Kanngiesser, Alexander Kholomeev, Gregor Quiring, Frank Czemper, Eloy Wouters, Michael Belford, Mathias Mueller, Jens Grote, Tabiwang N. Arrey, Julia Kraegenbring, Kerstin Strupat, Siegrun Mohring, Catharina Crone, Alexander Harder, Aaron Robitaille, Aaron Gajadhar, Khatereh Motamed, Yang Liu, Daniel Lopez Ferrer, Nicolaie Eugen Damoc, Angela Criscuolo, Kristina Srzentic, Ed George, Charles Yang, Ioanna Ntai, Amanda Souza, Andreas Wieghaus, Alexander Makarov

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: Orbitrap mass spectrometry; high resolution; accurate mass

Online: 8 June 2020 (10:17:36 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201910.0137.v1

An Efficient and High-Resolution Topology Optimization Method Based on Convolutional Neural Networks

Liang Xue, Jie Liu, Guilin Wen, Hongxin Wang

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Mathematics Keywords: topology optimization; convolutional neural network; high-resolution

Online: 12 October 2019 (03:56:19 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201903.0126.v4

Developing Bid-Ask Probabilities for High-Frequency Trading

Lester Ingber

Subject: Physical Sciences, Applied Physics Keywords: path integral; financial markets; high-frequency trading

Online: 8 May 2019 (08:47:44 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201806.0308.v1

Irradiance Variability Quantification and Small-Scale Averaging in Space and Time: A Short Review

Gerald M. Lohmann

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Atmospheric Science And Meteorology Keywords: irradiance variability, high-resolution measurements, increment statistics

Online: 19 June 2018 (17:10:06 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201804.0075.v1

High Frequency Acceleration Device Effect on Accelerated Aligner Exchange - A Pilot Study

Thomas Shipley

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dentistry And Oral Surgery Keywords: high frequency; acceleration; vibration; orthodontics; tooth movement

Online: 6 April 2018 (10:57:40 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201803.0080.v1

Are Changes in Physical Work Capacity Induced by High-Intensity Functional Training Related to Changes in Associated Physiologic Measures?

Derek A. Crawford, Nicholas B. Drake, Michael J. Carper, Justin Deblauw, Katie M. Heinrich

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Anatomy And Physiology Keywords: high-intensity functional training; work capacity; performance

Online: 12 March 2018 (05:33:23 CET)

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Working Paper ARTICLE

On the Influence of Control Type and Strain Rate on the Lifetime of 50CrMo4

Max Benedikt Geilen, Josef Arthur Schönherr, Marcus Klein, Dominik Sebastian Leininger, Alexander Giertler, Ulrich Krupp, Matthias Oechsner

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Biomaterials Keywords: ultrasonic cyclic testing; frequency effect; strain rate effect; 50CrMo4; SAE 4150; High Cycle Fatigue; Very High Cycle Fatigue

Online: 21 October 2020 (15:18:48 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201901.0083.v1

Multiparameter Spatiotemporal Anomalies with Some of the Strong Earthquakes (M > 6:0) in 2018 around the World

Azad Rasul

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Remote Sensing Keywords: earthquake; anomaly detection; Google Earth Engine; outliers; interquartile range (IQR); multiparameter; brightness temperature (BT); latent heat flux (LE); land surface temperature; wind speed

Online: 9 January 2019 (11:59:14 CET)

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Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0833.v1

Convenient Preparation, Thermal Properties and X-Ray Structure Determination of 2,3-Dihydro-5,6,7,8-tetranitro-1,4-benzodioxine (TNBD): a Promising High Energy Density Material (HEDM)

Jonas Šarlauskas

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Organic Chemistry Keywords: 1,4-benzodioxane; nitration; nitro derivatives; tetranitro; synthesis; X-ray crystallography; structure; thermal analysis; high energy high density material (HEDM)

Online: 12 April 2024 (08:03:59 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202104.0669.v1

The Possibility of a High-efficiency Wave Power Generation System using Dielectric Elastomers

Seiki Chiba, Mikio Waki, Changqing Jiang, Makoto Takeshita, Mitsugu Uejima, Kohei Arakawa, Kazuhiro Ohyama

Subject: Engineering, Automotive Engineering Keywords: dielectric elastomer; generation; carbon dioxide free; rare earths free; high efficiency; CNT; high power; artificial muscle; actuator; large deformation

Online: 26 April 2021 (13:09:45 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1843.v1

Association Between Temperature and Sunlight Hours with Daily Steps in School-Aged Children over 35 Weeks: Findings from the E-MOVI Study

Eva Rodríguez-Gutiérrez, Ana Torres-Costoso, Estela Jiménez-López, Arthur Eumann Mesas, Valentina Díaz-Goñi, María José Guzmán‐Pavón, Nuria Beneit, Vicente Martínez-Vizcaíno

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Public Health And Health Services Keywords: children; sunlight; temperature; daily steps; physical activity; dose-response analysis

Online: 24 September 2024 (11:21:32 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.1436.v1

Cosmic Entropy Prediction with Extremely High Precision in Rh = ct Cosmology

Espen Haug, Eugene Tatum

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: Bekensten-Hawking entropy; black hole entropy; Hubble sphere; CMB temperature

Online: 19 September 2024 (12:09:23 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.1566.v2

Weather Forecasting Using Machine Learning Techniques: Rainfall and Temperature Analysis

Adil Hussain, Ayesha Aslam, Sajib Tripura, VIneet Dhanawat, Varun Shinde

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning Keywords: rainfall prediction; temperature prediction; ensemble classifier; rain prediction; weather prediction

Online: 13 September 2024 (11:43:09 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.0785.v1

Monitoring and Modeling Urban Heat Patterns in the State of Iowa, USA Utilizing Mobile Sensors and Geospatial Data

Clemir Abbeg Coproski, Bingqing Liang, James T. Dietrich, John DeGroote

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geography Keywords: urban heat patterns; air temperature; LiDAR; mobile sensors; random forest

Online: 10 September 2024 (10:48:49 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.1795.v1

Unified Model for Predicting the Size and Shape Dependent Cohesive Energy and Melting Temperature of Semiconducting Nanomaterials

Gebru Sherka, Habte Berry, Qinfang Zhang

Subject: Physical Sciences, Condensed Matter Physics Keywords: size; shape; packing factor; cohesive energy; melting temperature; semiconductor nanoparticle

Online: 26 August 2024 (06:54:19 CEST)

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Predicting the thermophysical properties of designed materials at the nanoscale is crucial. However, this remains a significant challenge despite numerous efforts by researchers and scientists. This paper presents a unified thermodynamic model to study the size and shape-dependent cohesive energy and the melting temperature of semiconductor nanosolids, including InSb, ZnSe, CdS, and CdSe. The model provides insight into the thermal stability of nanosolid materials by considering the combined impact of size, shape, and packing density. The finding indicates that smaller nanoparticles exhibit a lower cohesive energy than larger ones. Our unified thermodynamic model yields results consistent with experimental values and demonstrates a closer agreement than those from the universal liquid drop model of size-dependent cohesive energy, which includes a shape factor of α = 2/3 for nanowires. According to the results, the melting temperature of nanoparticles drops as their size decreases. Below a diameter of 5 nm, this trend becomes more noticeable. In the nano-scale domain, the nanoparticle's shape also matters greatly. In particular, compared to tetrahedral nanoparticles, nanowires show a lesser reduction in melting temperature. Also, up to a diameter of roughly 10 nm, the melting temperatures of these nanoparticles rise with particle size. The search results show that, especially in the < 5 nm size range, the size and shape of nanoparticles significantly affect their melting point. The models accurately predict the relationship between particle size and melting point for various semiconductor nanomaterials, aligning with experimental findings. Interestingly, the information indicates a potential preference for these nanomaterials to form nanowire structures in the < 5 nm size range. Our research offers helpful insights into the thermophysical properties of these semiconducting materials, which may have significant implications for their use in a diversity of technological applications.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.1103.v1

Climate Induced Temperature Effects on Growth Performance and Fecundity of Hippocampus guttulatus

Jorge Palma, Miguel Correia, Francisco Leitão, José Pedro Andrade

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior And Systematics Keywords: seahorses; Hippocampus guttulatus; temperature; growth; reproduction; oxygen consumption; climate change

Online: 14 August 2024 (17:02:16 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.2186.v1

Mapping the Influence of Olympic Games’ Urban Planning on the Land Surface Temperatures: an Estimation Using Landsat Series and Google Earth Engine

Joan-Cristian Padró, Valerio Della Sala, Marc Castelló-Bueno, Rafael Vicente-Salar

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geography Keywords: Normalized land surface temperature; cloud computing; surface urban heat island

Online: 27 July 2024 (07:30:20 CEST)

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The Olympic Games are a sporting event and a catalyst for urban development in the host city. In this study, we utilized remote sensing and GIS techniques to examine the impact of the Olympic infrastructure on the surface temperature of urban areas. Using Landsat Series Collection 2 Tier 1 Level 2 data, cloud computing, and Google Earth Engine (GEE) methods, this study examines the effects of various Olympic Games facility urban planning in different historical moments and location typologies: monocentric, polycentric, peripheric and clustered Olympic ring. The GEE code applies to the Olympic Games from Paris’24 to Munich’72. However, this paper focuses specifically on the representative cases of Paris’24, Tokyo’20, Rio’16, Beijing’08, Sydney’00, Barcelona’92, Seoul’88, and Montreal’76. The study is not only concerned with obtaining absolute Land Surface Temperatures (LST), but rather the relative influence of mega-event infrastructures on mitigating or increasing the urban heat. As such, locally Normalized Land Surface Temperature (NLST) was utilized for this purpose. In some cities (Paris, Tokyo, Beijing, and Barcelona), it is identified that Olympic planning has resulted in the development of green spaces, creating "green spots" that contribute to lower-than-average temperatures. However, it should be noted that there is a significant variation in temperature within intensely built-up areas, such as Olympic villages and the surrounding areas of the Olympic stadium, which can become “hotspots”. Therefore, it is important to acknowledge that different planning typologies of Olympic infrastructure can have varying impacts on city heat islands, with the polycentric and clustered Olympic ring typologies displaying a mitigating effect. This research contributes to a cloud computing method that can be updated for future Olympic Games or adapted for other mega-events and utilizes a widely available remote sensing data source to study a specific urban planning context.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.0589.v1

Enhancing Sustainability: Brewer's Spent Grain-based Biochar as a Renewable Energy Source and Agriculture Substrate

Romina Zabaleta, Erick Torres, Eliana Sanchez, Rodrigo Torres-Sciancalepore, María Paula Fabani, Germán Mazza, Rosa Rodriguez

Subject: Engineering, Chemical Engineering Keywords: brewer’s spent grain biochar; pyrolysis temperature; bioenergy indices; germination test

Online: 8 July 2024 (08:35:22 CEST)

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Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.0251.v1

Generalized n-dimensional Effective Temperature for Cryogenic Systems in Accelerator Physics

Heetae Kim, Chang-Soo Park

Subject: Physical Sciences, Quantum Science And Technology Keywords: effective temperature; fractional dimension; thermal radiation; cryogenic system; accelerator physics

Online: 2 July 2024 (14:03:02 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.0910.v1

Long-Term Effect of Tillage Systems on the Planosol Physical Properties, CO2 Emissions and Spring Barley Productivity

Aušra Sinkevičienė, Kęstutis Romaneckas, Karolina Jackevičienė, Toma Petrikaitė, Jovita Balandaitė, Rasa Kimbirauskienė

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: soil moisture and temperature; spring barley; CO2 emissions; tillage system

Online: 13 June 2024 (10:55:33 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1333.v1

Prediction of Greenhouse Microclimatic Parameters Using Building Transient Simulation and Artificial Neutral Networks

Olivera Ećim-Đurić, Mihailo Milanović, Aleksandra Dimitrijević Petrović, Zoran Mileusnić, Aleksandra Dragičević, Rajko Miodragović

Subject: Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Keywords: Artificial Neutral Networks; TRNSYS building simulation; greenhouse; temperature; relative humidity

Online: 22 March 2024 (07:26:32 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1101.v1

Hydrogeochemical Characteristics of Earthquake-Related varied-temperature Springs along the Eastern Kunlun Fault Zone, China

Chao Lu, Xiaocheng Zhou, Jiyi Jiang, Jingchao Li, Jing Li, Jing Wu, Xiaoyi Zhu, Jiang Li, Gaoyuan Xing, Shihan Cui

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Other Keywords: varied-temperature water; hydrogeochemistry; isotopes; seismic precursor; Eastern Kunlun Fault

Online: 19 March 2024 (08:53:36 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1010.v1

Fiber Speckle Sensing Scheme By Optical Power Filtering: Performance Analysis For Temperature Measurements

Francisco J. Vélez-Hoyos, Víctor H. Aristizábal-Tique, Jairo C. Quijano-Pérez, Jorge A. Gómez-López, Carlos Trujillo, Jorge Herrera-Ramirez

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: Optical Fiber; Sensor; Speckle; Optical Power; Temperature Measurement; Portable Systems

Online: 18 March 2024 (10:24:39 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.0411.v1

Temperature-Responsive Separation Membrane with High Antifouling Performance For Efficient Separation

Tong Ji, Yuan Ji, Xiangli Meng, Qi Wang

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Polymers And Plastics Keywords: separation membranes; Temperature-responsive; PVDF; PVDF-g-NIPAAm; graphene oxide

Online: 4 January 2024 (11:39:13 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.0201.v1

Improvement in the Hydrogen Storage Properties of MgH2 by Adding NaAlH4

Young Jun Kwak, Myoung Youp Song, Ki-Tae Lee

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Materials Science And Technology Keywords: hydrogen storage; MgH2; NaAlH4; decomposition temperature; hydrogen absorption; release rates

Online: 3 January 2024 (07:45:59 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.2319.v1

Optimization of Thermal Control Design for Aerial Reflective Opto-Mechanical Structure

Yun Zhou, Huilin Wang, Xiaocun Jiang, Xiaozhou Zuo, Ming Chen

Subject: Engineering, Other Keywords: Opto-mechanical structure; Optimized thermal control; Temperature uniformity; Image quality

Online: 29 December 2023 (14:28:07 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.1308.v1

Quality Changes Monitoring of Fresh-Cut Apples during Distribution in Real-Time Cold Chain Systems Application

Andri Jaya Laksana, Jong-Hoon Kim, Jae-Hwan An, Ji-Young Kim

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Other Keywords: Fresh-cut apple; temperature; quality changes; storage; cold chain systems

Online: 18 December 2023 (15:04:56 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.0344.v1

Appraisal of Daily Temperature and Rainfall Events in the Context of Global Warming in South Australia

Federico Ferrelli, Melisa Pontrlli Albisetti, Andrea Soledad Brendel, Andrés Iván Casoni, Patrick Alan Hesp

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Atmospheric Science And Meteorology Keywords: rainfall and temperature trends; climate change; south australia; southern hemisphere

Online: 6 December 2023 (07:27:36 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.0301.v1

Estimation of Land Surface Temperature from CHINESE ZY1-02E IRS Data

Xianhui Dou, Kun Li, Qi Zhang, Chenyang Ma, Hongzhao Tang, Yonggang Qian, Jun Chen, Jinglun Li, Yichao Li, Tao Wang, Feng Wang, Juntao Yang, Xining Liu

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Remote Sensing Keywords: land surface temperature; WVS-based LST method; ZY1-02E IRS

Online: 6 December 2023 (03:21:10 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202310.1330.v1

Seasonal and Inter-Annual Variability in Extreme Temperature and Rainfall Indices in the Semi-Arid Areas of Northern Ethiopia

Abadi Berhane, Teklay Tesfay

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Atmospheric Science And Meteorology Keywords: Rainfall; Mann-Kendall test; Temperature; Spatial interpolation; Temporal variability; Tigray

Online: 20 October 2023 (10:30:19 CEST)

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Ethiopia has been known for its recurrent droughts and poverty due to extreme climate change and variability affecting agricultural production. This study was, therefore, conducted to analyze the seasonal and inter-annual variability in rainfall and temperature v over the past three decades in western Tigray. The study consisted of 34 years of temperature and rainfall data from nine stations in two administrative zones in the western part of Tigray. The climate data was obtained from the National Aeronautic Space Administration (NASA) from 1983 to 2016. Total rainfall, simple daily intensity index, Rx1day and Rx5day, and maximum and minimum temperature, tropical nights, diurnal temperature range, cold spell and warm spell duration indicator values, cold days and cold nights, warm days, and warm nights were analyzed. RClimDex software was employed to analyze the trends and quality control of the extreme rainfall and temperature indices; in addition, the Mann-Kendall test was also used to detect the changes and variability of the variables. The trend analysis showed that there was significant (p<0.05) variability in extreme temperatures, with maximum and minimum temperatures varying from 0.04 to 0.051 0C, and 0.022 to 0.031 0C, respectively. The results also revealed that there was a negative trend in extreme rainfall, with no uniform pattern. The highest and smallest reduction in the annual rainfall was 14.6 mm and 8.4 mm, which were observed at Maygaba and Adigoshu, respectively. More than 60% of the total rainfall was received in July and August throughout the study areas, with the maximum monthly rainfall of 294.2 mm observed at Adiremets. Finally, this study demonstrated that areas in the northwestern and western zones of Tigray were significantly affected by extreme rainfall and temperature variability, which subsequently affected crop yield, natural resources, food security, and the livelihood of the community during the last three decades.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202310.1294.v1

Induction of Antiviral Mechanisms by Interferon-Related Genes in Rock Bream (Oplegnathus fasciatus) Infected with Rock Bream Iridovirus (RBIV)

Myung-Hwa Jung

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: rock bream; rock bream iridovirus; water temperature; virus replication; inteferons

Online: 19 October 2023 (16:43:10 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.0020.v2

Design and Implementation of Remote Controlled High Temperature Short Time (HTST) Pasteurization System for Healthy Milk Production

Mari muthu, Jayakumar j

Subject: Engineering, Chemical Engineering Keywords: HTST pasteurization system; remote control app; level and temperature measurement

Online: 20 September 2023 (09:41:05 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.1445.v1

Experimental Study on Methane Diffusion Characteristics of Different Metamorphic Deformed Coals Based on Counter Diffusion Method

Jiangang Ren, Liang Gao, Zhihui Wen, Hongbo Weng, Jianbao Liu, Runsheng Lv, Yanwei Qu, Zhimin Song, Yongwang Zhang, Bing Li

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geophysics And Geology Keywords: Counter diffusion method; Confining pressure; Gas pressure; Temperature; Diffusion coefficient

Online: 22 August 2023 (02:32:47 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.0647.v1

A Downscaling Method Based on MODIS Product for Hourly ERA5 Reanalysis Land Surface Temperature

Wang Ning, Tian Jia, Shanshan Su, Qingjiu Tian

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Remote Sensing Keywords: Land surface temperature; downscaling; ERA5 reanalysis data; MODIS; temporal alignment

Online: 8 August 2023 (11:19:55 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.1073.v1

Influence of Humidity and Temperature on Mechanical Properties of Corrugated Board – Numerical Investigation

Aram Cornaggia, Tomasz Gajewski, Anna Knitter-Piątkowska, Tomasz Garbowski

Subject: Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Keywords: Corrugated board; humidity; temperature; mechanical properties; numerical homogenization; sensitivity analysis

Online: 17 July 2023 (08:11:45 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.0872.v1

Assessment of Stress Levels in Lactating Cattle: Analyzing Cortisol Residues in Commercial Milk Products in Relation to the Temperature-Humidity Index

Mohammad Ataallahi, Si Nae Cheon, Geun-Woo Park, Eska Nugrahaeningtyas, Jung Hwan Jeon, Kyu-Hyun Park

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: commercial dairy milk product; cortisol residue; stress; temperature-humidity index

Online: 13 July 2023 (12:14:13 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.0151.v1

Optimization of Thermal Energy Harvesting Road Pavement using Sustainable Conductive Material in Malaysia by Numerical Simulation

Nurul Aqilah Razeman, Zarina Itam, Salmia Beddu, Mohd Hafiz Zawawi, Nazirul Mubin Zahari, Agusril Syamsir, Nur Liyana Mohd Kamal, Daud Mohamad, Norizham Abdul Razak

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: Solar pavement; temperature outlet; sustainable piping; energy harvesting; sustainable energy

Online: 4 July 2023 (07:53:54 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.2156.v1

Ultrasonic Velocity and Attenuation of Low Carbon Steel at High Temperatures

Jan Lean Tai, Mohamed Thariq Hameed Sultan, Andrzej Łukaszewicz, Farah Syazwani Shahar, Wojciech Tarasiuk, Jerzy Napiórkowski

Subject: Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Keywords: ultrasonic testing; corrosion; longitudinal wave; non-destructive evaluation; elevated temperature

Online: 29 June 2023 (13:40:49 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.1757.v1

Characteristics and Establishment of Objective Identification Standard and Perdictor of Foehn Winds in Urumqi on the North Slope of Middle Tianshan Mountains of China

Maoling Ayitikan, Xia Li, Qing He, Yusufu Musha, Hao Tang, Shuting Li, Yuting Zhong, Gang Ren

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Atmospheric Science And Meteorology Keywords: Foehn; Wind direction and speed; Potential temperature difference; Identification standard

Online: 26 June 2023 (07:18:25 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0796.v1

Ionic Conductivity of Li6PS5Cl0.5Br0.5 Argyrodite Electrolyte at Different Operating and Pelletizing Pressures and Temperatures

Joshua Dunham, Joshua Carfang, Chan-Yeop Yu, Raziyeh Ghahremani, Rashid Farahati, Siamak Farhad

Subject: Engineering, Energy And Fuel Technology Keywords: All-solid-State Battery; Argyrodite Electrolyte; Li6PS5CL0.5Br0.5; Pelletizing; Pressure; Temperature

Online: 12 June 2023 (08:20:07 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0573.v1

Experimental Investigation of Convective Drying of Ginger Rhizomes Using the Environmental Stress Chambers and Linear Heat Conduction

Joshua Adeniyi Depiver, Sabuj Mallik

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Agricultural Science And Agronomy Keywords: Ginger Rhizomes; Moisture Content; Thermal Conductivity; Forced Convection; Drying Temperature

Online: 8 June 2023 (03:25:06 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.2213.v1

Farmers’ Perception of Climate Change and Its Impacts: A Case Study of Baba Mountain Valleys, Center of Bamyan Province, Afghanistan

Mustafa Hasani, Rajendra Prasad Shrestha

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Environmental Science Keywords: climate change; perception; impacts; temperature; precipitation; agricultural community; Bamyan; Afghanistan

Online: 2 June 2023 (05:05:52 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1584.v1

Prospective Comparative Analysis of Zero-Heat-Flux Thermometer (SpotOn®) Compared with Tympanic Thermometer and Bladder Thermometer in Extremely Aged Patients Undergoing Lower Extremity Orthopedic Surgery

Chunghyun Park, Taeyeun Kim, Soojeong Oh, Yun-Sic Bang

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Anesthesiology And Pain Medicine Keywords: Body temperature; Elderly patient; Orthopedic surgery; Zero-Heat-Flux thermometer

Online: 23 May 2023 (05:32:17 CEST)

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Preprint CONCEPT PAPER | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0372.v1

Impacts of Floating Poly on ESD Protection of Power-managed High-voltage LDMOS Components

Xing Chen Mai, Shen-Li Chen, Hung Wei Chen, Yi Mu Lee

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: breakdown voltage; electric field; floating-poly; lattice temperature; n-LDMOS

Online: 6 May 2023 (04:05:34 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0413.v1

Non-Integer Dimension of Seasonal Land Surface Temperature (LST)

Sepideh Azizi, Tahmineh Azizi

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Geometry And Topology Keywords: Land Surface Temperature; Climate Change; Fractal Geometry; Discrete Wavelet Transform

Online: 17 April 2023 (07:01:24 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202302.0180.v1

Optical Fiber Based Temperature Sensors: A Review

Rahul Kumar Gangawar, Sneha Kumari, Akhilesh Kumar Pathak, Sai Dheeraj Gutlapalli, Mahesh Chand Meena

Subject: Physical Sciences, Optics And Photonics Keywords: Waveguide; photonic crystal; optical fiber; Bragg gratings; temperature; sensor; COVID

Online: 10 February 2023 (04:46:18 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202211.0390.v1

Size-Dependent Cooling Kinetics of A5N Cylindrical Samples

Dilshod Nematov, Isfandiyor Turakhasanov, Ziyovuddin Nizomov

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Metals, Alloys And Metallurgy Keywords: A5N aluminum; Cooling; Convection; Thermal radiation; Size effect; Temperature dependence

Online: 21 November 2022 (11:52:13 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202211.0323.v1

Effects of Heating PLA for Controlling Accelerate Ageing after FFF

José Ygnacio Pastor, Sandra Tarancón, Jaime Orellana-Barrasa

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Polymers And Plastics Keywords: Keywords 1D PLA filaments, mechanical properties, thermal properties, temperature, ageing

Online: 17 November 2022 (03:24:50 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202209.0385.v1

A Review of Thermal Spectral Imaging Methods for Monitoring High-temperature Molten Material Streams

Katarina Grujic

Subject: Physical Sciences, Applied Physics Keywords: spectral imaging; metallurgy; infrared thermography; pyrometry; temperature measurement; flow rate

Online: 26 September 2022 (08:47:38 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202112.0345.v1

Windtech – A Sensory Device for ‘Cold’ Sensation Measurements

Amir Leyli, Hassan Khawaja, Ståle Antonsen, Daniel Swart

Subject: Engineering, Automotive Engineering Keywords: Cold Sensation; Heat Loss; Cold Related Risks; Real Feel Temperature

Online: 21 December 2021 (14:06:58 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202110.0358.v1

In-place Characterization of On-state Voltage for SiC MOSFETs: Controlled Shoot-through vs. Film Heater

Alessandro Soldati, Matteo Dalboni, Roberto Menozzi, Carlo Concari

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: on-state voltage; TSEP; junction temperature; model calibration; pulsed measurements

Online: 25 October 2021 (13:49:04 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202104.0143.v1

Spatiotemporal Response of Vegetation to Rainfall and Temperature fluctuations in the Sahel. Case study in the Forest Reserve of Fina, Mali

Karamoko Sanogo, Birhanu B. Zemadim, Souleymane Sanogo, Ashatu Abdulkadiri, Abdramane BA

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Environmental Science Keywords: NDVI; Rainfall; Air temperature; vegetation response; Fina Forest Reserve; Mali

Online: 5 April 2021 (14:24:12 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202103.0660.v1

Room Temperature Syntheses of ZnO and Its Structure

Domenica Donia, Elvira Maria Bauer, Mauro Missori, Ludovica Roselli, Daniele Cecchetti, Pietro Tagliatesta, Lorenzo Gontrani, Marilena Carbone

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Analytical Chemistry Keywords: ZnO; Room Temperature Synthesis; XRD Characterization UV-Vis reflectance spectroscopy

Online: 26 March 2021 (11:38:42 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202103.0036.v1

Dementia Patient’s Meal Monitoring Systems Using Weight and Temperature Sensors

Ji-Eun Joo, Haewon Hwang, Yujin Jeon, Jaewon Jung, Yu Hu, Sung Min Park

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Immunology And Allergy Keywords: Arduino; Bluetooth; load cell; monitoring system; temperature sensor; weight sensor

Online: 1 March 2021 (17:27:36 CET)

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Working Paper ARTICLE

Remarks on Nonsingular Models as Hayward and Magnetized Black Hole with Rational Nonlinear Electrodynamics

Sergey Il'ich Kruglov

Subject: Physical Sciences, Acoustics Keywords: Magnetically charged black holes; Hawking temperature; ; heat capacity; phase transitions

Online: 16 November 2020 (16:04:52 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202007.0578.v1

CRISPR-Cas12a (Cpf1): A Versatile Tool in the Plant Genome Editing Tool Box for Agricultural Advancement

Anindya Bandyopadhyay, Nagesh Kancharla, vivek javalkote, santanu dasgupta, Thomas Brutnell

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Plant Sciences Keywords: CRISPR; CAS9; CAS12a; NHEJ; Base editing; PAM; Temperature Sensitivity; Agriculture

Online: 24 July 2020 (11:43:03 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202007.0456.v1

Winter is Coming: A Southern Hemisphere Perspective of the Environmental Drivers of SARS-CoV-2 and the Potential Seasonality of COVID-19

Albertus Smit, Jennifer Fitchett, Francois Engelbrecht, Robert Scholes, Godfrey Dzhivhuho, Neville Sweijd

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Epidemiology And Infectious Diseases Keywords: COVID-19; environmental influences; humidity; SARS-CoV-2; seasonality; temperature

Online: 20 July 2020 (07:41:44 CEST)

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SARS-CoV-2 virus infections in humans were first reported in December 2019, the boreal winter. The resulting COVID-19 pandemic was declared by the WHO in March 2020. By July 2020 COVID-19 is present in 213 countries and territories, with over 12 million confirmed cases and over half a million attributed deaths. Knowledge of other viral respiratory diseases suggests that the transmission of SARS-CoV-2 could be modulated by seasonally-varying environmental factors such as temperature and humidity. Many studies on the environmental sensitivity of COVID-19 are appearing online, and some have been published in peer-reviewed journals. Initially, these studies raised the hypothesis that climatic conditions would subdue the viral transmission rate in places entering the boreal summer and that southern hemisphere countries would experience enhanced disease. For the latter, the COVID-19 peak would coincide with the peak of the influenza season, increasing misdiagnosis and placing an additional burden on health systems. In this review, we assess the evidence that environmental drivers are a significant factor in the trajectory of the COVID-19 pandemic, globally and regionally. We critically assessed 42 peer-reviewed and 80 preprint publications that met qualifying criteria. Since the disease has been prevalent for only half a year in the northern, and a quarter of a year in the southern hemisphere, datasets capturing a full seasonal cycle in one locality are not yet available. Analyses based on space-for-time substitutions, i.e. using data from climatically distinct locations as a surrogate for seasonal progression, have been inconclusive. The reported studies present a strong northern bias. Socio-economic conditions peculiar to the ‘Global South’ have been omitted as confounding variables, thereby weakening evidence of environmental signals. We explore why research to date has failed to show convincing evidence for environmental modulation of COVID-19, and discuss directions for future research. We conclude that the evidence thus far suggests a weak modulation effect, currently overwhelmed by the scale and rate of the spread of COVID-19. Seasonally-modulated transmission, if it exists, will be more evident in 2021 and subsequent years.

Working Paper ARTICLE

Determining Role of Air Temperature in Predicting and Controlling COVID-19 Risk Levels Anywhere Anytime Using Multiple Modelling Analyses

Yansong Ren, Sifeng Chen

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; ambient temperature; risk level; mortality

Online: 6 July 2020 (10:25:09 CEST)

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COVID-19 is a pandemic with no cure. There is an urgent need for low-cost interventions. Macroclimate work through affecting microclimate. In many situations, man-made microclimate, such as air conditioning, may override the effect of natural macroclimate in determining SARS-CoV-2 pathogenicity. Ambient temperature (AT) has been roughly associated to SARS-CoV-2 transmission. To translate into a feasible practice in controlling COVID-19 pandemic, in-depth and implementable knowledge of AT role in SARS-CoV-2 transmission should be unveiled. This study aimed to determine if there is a ‘safe’ temperature that is comfortable to human beings while significantly inhibitory for SARS-CoV-2 pathogenicity. Data on monthly new deaths or new cases per million population (MDPM or MCPM) and monthly cumulated days with more cases than the previous day (DI) from March 2 to June 30, 2020 were collected from all 118 countries with population over five million. Monthly average AT negatively correlated with the transmission parameters. A significant decrease in transmission was observed when AT reached above 20 ºC. Monthly average (not average high) AT of countries with MDPM <2, MCPM<10, or DI<=7 was found to be between 24.54 and 26.89 ºC (25.18 ºC on average) with average standard error of 4.81. Thus, average AT <20, 20-25, >25 ºC were considered as high, medium, and low risk AT. Furthermore, MDPM in countries with AT <20 ºC were 80.93, 50.23, 13.52, and 5.05 times of those in countries with AT >25 ºC in March, April, May, and June, respectively. MDPM low-risk rates (<2) in countries with AT >25 ºC were 100, 83.33, 52.73, and 52.46%, respectively. In countries with AT <20 ºC, the trends were opposite. Setting indoor temperature to 25 ºC could decrease the need of social distancing for containing SARS-CoV-2 transmission. Ventilation and sanitizing the air with ultraviolet light in nonbusiness hours may be additionally effective. Cooling indoor temperature too low may be a reason of COVID-19 outbreak in some high AT countries. Authorities and the general population can evaluate COVID-19 risk level and manipulate microclimate to reduce the risk anywhere anytime based on local day average AT.

Working Paper ARTICLE

Evaluation and Analysis of Soil Temperature Data over Poyang Lake Basin, China

Mingjin Zhan, Lingjun Xia, Longfei Zhan, Yuanhao Wang

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Atmospheric Science And Meteorology Keywords: soil temperature; data evaluation; climatology; interannual variation; Poyang Lake Basin

Online: 24 February 2020 (01:38:30 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201911.0285.v1

Modeling the Temperature Distribution During Laser Hardening Process

Amir Mosavi, Fatemeh Salehi, Laszlo Nadai, Szell Karoly, Nima E Gorji

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Mathematics Keywords: laser hardening; temporal-temperature profile; solid phase transformation; heat treatment

Online: 24 November 2019 (14:38:37 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201911.0238.v1

An All-Weather Land Surface Temperature Product Based on MSG/SEVIRI Observations

Joao Paulo A. Martins, Isabel Trigo, Nicolas Ghilain, Carlos Jimenez, Frank-M. Goettsche, Sofia L. Ermida, Folke Olesen, Françoise Gellens-Meulenberghs, Alirio Arboleda

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Environmental Science Keywords: land surface temperature; all-weather; infrared; microwave; surface energy balance

Online: 20 November 2019 (11:12:02 CET)

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Working Paper ARTICLE

Climate during the Last Glacial Maximum in the Northern Sawatch Range, Colorado, USA

Keith A. Brugger, Chester A. Ruleman, Marc W. Caffee, Cody C. Mason

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Geophysics And Geology Keywords: Last Glacial Maximum; paleoclimate; temperature-index model; Sawatch Range; Colorado

Online: 8 September 2019 (15:59:45 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201906.0241.v1

Moisture Estimation in Cabinet Dryer with Thin-Layer Relationships Using Genetic Algorithm and Neural Network

Behzad Maleki, Mahyar Ghazvini, Mohammad Hossein Ahmadi, Heydar Maddah, Shahab Shamshirband

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Applied Mathematics Keywords: cabinet dryer; genetic algorithm; neural network; temperature; air velocity; moisture

Online: 24 June 2019 (10:05:50 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201906.0073.v1

Heat Source Modeling in Selective Laser Melting

Elham Mirkoohi, Daniel E. Seivers, Hamid Garmestani, Steven Y. Liang

Subject: Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Keywords: temperature field; additive manufacturing; selective laser melting; heat source modeling

Online: 10 June 2019 (09:25:58 CEST)

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Selective laser melting is an emerging Additive Manufacturing (AM) technology for metals. Intricate three-dimensional parts can be generated from the powder bed by selectively melting the desired location of the powders. The process is repeated for each layer until the part is built. The necessary heat is provided by a laser. Temperature magnitude and history during SLM directly determine the molten pool dimensions, thermal stress, residual stress, balling effect, and dimensional accuracy. Laser-matter interaction is a crucial physical phenomenon in the SLM process. In this paper, five different heat source models are introduced to predict the three-dimensional temperature field analytically. These models are known as steady state moving point heat source, transient moving point heat source, semi-elliptical moving heat source, double elliptical moving heat source, and uniform moving heat source. The analytical temperature model for all of the heat source models are solved using three-dimensional differential equation of heat conduction with different approaches. The Steady state and transient moving heat source are solved using separation of variables approach. However, the rest of models are solved by employing the Green’s functions. Due to the high magnitude of the temperature in the presence of the laser, the temperature gradient is usually high which has a substantial impact on thermal material properties. Consequently, the temperature field is predicted by considering the temperature sensitivity thermal material properties. Moreover, due to the repeated heating and cooling, the part usually undergoes several melting and solidification cycles, this physical phenomenon is considered by modifying the heat capacity using latent heat of melting. Furthermore, the multi-layer aspect of metal AM process is considered by incorporating the temperature history from the previous layer since the interaction of the layers have an impact on heat transfer mechanisms. The proposed temperature field models based on different heat source approaches are validated using experimental measurement of melt pool geometry from independent experimentations. The detailed explanation of the comparison of models is also provided. Moreover, the effect of process parameters on the balling effect is also discussed.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201904.0288.v1

Effect of Bi₂O₃ Doping on the Mechanical Properties of PbO Ceramic Pellets Used in Lead-Cooled Fast Reactors

Yan Ma, Anxia Yang, Huiping Zhu, Arslan Muhammad, Pengwei Yang, Bokun Huang, Fenglei Niu

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Ceramics And Composites Keywords: Bi2O3; PbO; sintering temperature; mechanical properties; lead–bismuth eutectic alloy

Online: 25 April 2019 (13:05:17 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201904.0129.v1

Factors Affecting Electroplated Semiconductor Material Properties: The Case Study of Deposition Temperature on Cadmium Telluride

Ayotunde A. Ojo, I.M. Dharmadasa

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Surfaces, Coatings And Films Keywords: Electrodeposition; CdTe film; Two-electrode configuration; thin films, electroplating temperature

Online: 10 April 2019 (12:32:29 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201810.0389.v2

UAV Based Crop Water Stress Index for Wetland Habitats as a Meteorological Drought Indicator

Wojciech Ciężkowski, Jacek Jóźwiak, Sylwia Szporak-Wasilewska, Małgorzata Kleniewska, Tomasz Gnatowski, Piotr Dąbrowski, Maciej Góraj, Jan Szatyłowicz, Stefan Ignar, Jaroslaw Chormanski

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Environmental Science Keywords: CWSI, Natura 2000, thermal remote sensing, wetlands, land surface temperature

Online: 23 November 2018 (12:27:52 CET)

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Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints201808.0126.v2

Injury threshold of oral contact with hot foods and method for its sensory evaluation

Dirk W. Lachenmeier, Walter Lachenmeier

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Food Chemistry Keywords: hot foods; temperature; esophageal cancer; thermosensing; sensory thresholds; methodological study

Online: 9 August 2018 (12:50:40 CEST)

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Epidemiological studies indicate an increased risk of cancer from the consumption of very hot foods and beverages. The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) has already recommended threshold values for the maximum drinking temperature of very hot beverages. The contact time and the contact temperature are decisive for the risk of injury when hot media come into contact with human skin. However, measuring the contact temperature is not easily possible in practice. In the present study, a numerical simulation based on the solution of the heat conduction equation was initially used to investigate whether and for what period of time a constant contact temperature is to be expected under oral conditions. For small circular 3-cm food samples (e.g., cooked potatoes) with 2.5 mm thickness in contact with the tongue, the simulation results in a constant contact temperature of 10 s before cooling. With a thickness of 0.5 mm, the contact temperature is only maintained 1 s. Hot beverages, which spread as a thin film and thereby increase their surface area, can therefore be consumed at higher temperatures than solid foods. Furthermore, a simple test technique with a "measuring spoon" was developed. A hot sample is placed on the tongue. Orientating measurements were used to determine which contact temperature was considered to be just comfortable for any period > 10 s and for which period of less than 10 s it was still just bearable. The contact temperature, which was still perceived as tolerable for periods > 10 s, was 46.5 °C. The time spans for the higher contact temperature 48 °C were between 2 and 4 s and for 49 °C between 1 and 2 s. The course of the contact temperatures determined in the experiment over time allows to calculate the corresponding threshold values of consumption temperatures for various foods. Consumption temperatures of about 56 °C for potatoes and 60 °C for cheese are still perceived as tolerable. In view of the fact that the contact temperature is obviously the determining factor for the risk of injury from burns in the oral cavity in addition to the contact time, it makes sense to reference threshold values to the contact temperature rather than to the surface or consumption temperature of a food product, which is current customary practice. If this contact temperature is defined as a threshold value, the surface or consumption temperature for any other food can be calculated.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201807.0452.v1

Performance Analysis of an Intermediate Temperature SOE Test Bench Under CO₂-H₂O Feeding Stream

Petronilla Fragiacomo, Giuseppe De Lorenzo, Orlando Corigliano

Subject: Engineering, Energy And Fuel Technology Keywords: CO/H2 production; intermediate temperature SOEC; SOEC modeling; performance analysis

Online: 24 July 2018 (10:20:27 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201806.0324.v1

Evaluating the Impacts of Ground and Atmospheric Conditions on the Efficiency of Solar Energy System and Its Economic Analysis

Ali Saleh Aziz, Mohammad Faridun Naim Tajuddin, Sanjeevikumar Padmanaban, Lucian Mihet-Popa, Mohd Rafi Adzman, Makbul A. M. Ramli

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: Renewable Energy; solar energy; PV panels slope; azimuth; temperature; albedo

Online: 20 June 2018 (14:22:44 CEST)

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The There are many factors influencing the performance of photovoltaic (PV) systems. Among these factors, temperature and solar radiation are two major parameters that have a large effect on the efficiency of PV systems. The cell temperature of PV panels is related to the ambient temperature while the solar radiation incident on the surface of the PV modules depends on the slope and azimuth of these modules. Furthermore, ground reflectance (albedo) affects the irradiance incident on the PV panel surface, which in turn affects the output of a PV system. Nevertheless, the effects of these factors on the economic performance of the solar PV systems are scarcely reported. This paper presents a complete design of a stand-alone PV/battery system to supply electric power for a mobile base station in Choman, Erbil, Iraq. The effects of different factors on the total electricity produced by PV arrays and its economic performance are simultaneously investigated. HOMER software has been used as a tool for the techno-economic and environmental analysis. As indicated from the simulation results, the PV array capacity and its economic performance are highly affected by the variation of the slope and azimuth. With a base case (albedo of 20% and average annual ambient temperature of 11°C), the best feasible system which is achieved by facing PV due to south with a tilt angle of 40° or 45°, is found to have net present cost (NPC) of 70595 $ and cost of energy (COE) of 0.54 $/kWh. Moreover, the results indicate that increasing the ground reflectance from 10% to 90% results in a 7.2% decrease in the PV array capacity and about 3% decrease in the NPC and COE. On the other hand, increasing the ambient temperature from 0°C to 40°C results in a 19.7% increase in the PV array capacity and an 8.2% increase in the NPC and COE. Furthermore, according to the ambient temperature of Choman, using PV modules with high sensitivity to temperature is found to be an attractive option. Provided simulation performance analysis proves that the studied parameters must be treated well to establish an enabling environment for solar energy development in Iraq.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201804.0266.v1

Differences in Leaf Temperature between Lianas and Trees in the Neotropical Canopy

J. Antonio Guzmán Q., G. Arturo Sánchez-Azofeifa, Benoit Rivard

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Plant Sciences Keywords: gas exchange; leaf canopy temperature; life forms; thermography; woody vines

Online: 20 April 2018 (11:55:08 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201801.0229.v1

The Mid Miocene Climatic Optimum (MMCO) Indication at Low Latitude Sediment Case Study: The Miocene Cibulakan Formation, Bogor Basin

Wahyu Dwijo Santoso, Rubiyanto Kapid, Ben Ikhsan, Moehammad Ali Jambak, Dasapta Erwin Irawan

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Paleontology Keywords: Mid Miocene Climatic Optimum (MMCO); nannoplankton; temperature changes; Cibulakan Formation

Online: 24 January 2018 (18:50:42 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201708.0030.v1

Modeling NDVI Using Joint Entropy Method considering Hydro-Meteorological Driving Factors in the Middle Reaches of Hei River Basin

Zhang Gengxi, Xiaoling Su, Vijay P. Singh, Olusola O. Ayantobo

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Environmental Science Keywords: Joint entropy; NDVI; temperature; precipitation; groundwater depth; Hei River basin

Online: 8 August 2017 (08:42:54 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201612.0010.v1

Environmental Tipping Points for Sperm Motility, Fertilization, and Embryonic Development in the Crown-of-Thorns Starfish, Acanthaster cf. solaris

Ciemon Frank Caballes, Morgan S. Pratchett, Maia L. Raymundo, Jairo A. Rivera-Posada

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: fertilization; cleavage; gastrulation; sperm motility; temperature; salinity; pH; Acanthaster outbreaks

Online: 1 December 2016 (11:01:19 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201608.0118.v1

Uncovering Spatio-Temporal and Treatment-Derived Differences in the Molecular Physiology of a Model Coral-Dinoflagellate Mutualism with Multivariate Statistical Approaches

Anderson Mayfield

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Anatomy And Physiology Keywords: acclimation; coral reefs; endosymbiosis; molecular biology; multivariate statistics; temperature; upwelling

Online: 11 August 2016 (11:03:03 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202304.0105.v1

Machine-Learning Based Modelling of Air Temperature in the Complex Environment of Yerevan City, Armenia.

Garegin Tepanosyan, Shushanik Asmaryan, Vahagn Muradyan, Rima Avetisyan, Azatuhi Hovsepyan, Anahit Khlghatyan, Grigor Ayvazyan, Fabio Dell’Acqua

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Remote Sensing Keywords: urban air temperature; land surface temperature; multiple independent variables; urban heat; remote sensing data; machine learning (ML); ML-driven partial least squares regression (PLSR)

Online: 7 April 2023 (03:34:33 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202409.2005.v1

Research Progress on CoCrCuNi High-Entropy Alloys

Fachang Zhao, Xingming Zhao, Tianzhi Jiang, Honglin Li, Xue Liu, Ziqing Ai, Rongda Zhao, Fufa Wu

Subject: Metals, Alloys And Metallurgy, Chemistry And Materials Science Keywords: high-entropy alloys; CoCrCuNi system; microstructure; mechanical properties

Online: 25 September 2024 (17:59:35 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202408.0179.v1

In-Situ Microstructural Evolution and Precipitate Analysis of High-Nickel Shipbuilding Steel Using High Temperature Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy

Guojin Sun, Zhenggui Li, Qi Wang

Subject: Engineering, Industrial And Manufacturing Engineering Keywords: HTCLSM; Microstructural evolution; Thermal processing; High-nickel steel

Online: 5 August 2024 (05:14:59 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.0815.v1

High-Intensity Laser Therapy in Pain Management of Knee Osteoarthritis

Daniela Poenaru, Miruna Ioana Sandulescu, Claudia Gabriela Potcovaru, Delia Cinteza

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: knee osteoarthritis; high-intensity laser therapy; pain management

Online: 10 July 2024 (05:08:02 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202407.0538.v1

External Load Evaluation in Elite Futsal: Influence of Match Results and Game Location with IMU Technology

Héctor Gadea Uribarri, Carlos Lago-Fuentes, Ainhoa Bores-Arce, Victor Emilio Villavicencio Álvarez, Sergio López-García, Santiago Calero-Morales, Elena Mainer-Pardos

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy And Rehabilitation Keywords: load monitoring; home-advantage; high performance; team sports

Online: 5 July 2024 (13:47:28 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.1150.v1

An Examination of the Very First Polarimetric X-ray Observations of Radio-quiet Active Galactic Nuclei

Frédéric Marin, Vittoria Elvezia Gianolli, Adam Ingram, Dawoon E Kim, Andrea Marinucci, Daniele Tagliacozzo, Francesco Ursini

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: X-ray polarization; high-energy processes; black holes

Online: 17 June 2024 (14:45:19 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202406.0818.v1

Dynamic Analysis of Stool Microbiota of Simmental Calves and Effects of Diarrhea on Their Gut Microbiota

Qianxun Wang, Mula Na, Shiyu Jia, Miao Sun, Song Gao, Shiwei Pan, Wu Dong, Yang Song, Jingfeng Yang

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science And Zoology Keywords: Calf diarrhea; Intestinal flora; High throughput 16S rRNA

Online: 12 June 2024 (09:39:43 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202405.2137.v1

Cross-Species Transmission of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (HPAI) H5N1 Virus in the U.S. Dairy Cattle: A Comprehensive Review

Chithra C. Sreenivasan, Feng Li, Dan Wang

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: high pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI); H5N1; cattle; transmission

Online: 31 May 2024 (12:19:25 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.1669.v1

Shock Absorption Capacity of High-Performance Polymers for Dental Implant Prosthesis: In Vitro Study

Maria Menini, Francesca Delucchi, Francesco Bagnasco, Domenico Baldi, Luigi Canullo, Paolo Setti, Marco Migliorati, Paolo Pesce

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dentistry And Oral Surgery Keywords: dental implants; shock absorption; high-performance polymers; polyetherketoneketone

Online: 23 January 2024 (10:00:15 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.1679.v1

Two Novel Betarhabdovirids Infecting Ornamental Plants and the Peculiar Intracellular Behavior of the Cytorhabdovirus in the Liana Aristolochia gibertii

Pedro Luis Ramos-González, Maria Amelia Vaz Alexandre, Matheus Potsclam-Barro, Lígia Maria Lembo Duarte, Gianluca L. Michea Gonzalez, Camila Chabi-Jesus, Alyne F. Ramos, Ricardo Harakava, Harri Lorenzi, Juliana Freitas-Astúa, Elliot Watanabe Kitajima

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Virology Keywords: rhabdovirus; betanucleorhabdovirus; high-throughput sequencing; virion particles; cytopathology

Online: 23 January 2024 (09:50:15 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.1599.v1

High-Gravity Brewing of Bohemian Lager with Wheat Adjuncts

Tomáš Kinčl, Pavel Dostálek, Jana Olšovská, Rudolf Jung

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Food Science And Technology Keywords: beer; high-gravity brewing; wheat adjuncts; foam; flavour

Online: 23 January 2024 (00:10:15 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.0188.v1

A Novel High Isolation Orthogonally CPW-Fed UWB MIMO Antenna for Future IoT Applications

Muhammad Zahid, Nirman Bhowmike, Zaeem Mazhar, Asma Ejaz, Sultan Shoaib, Yasar Amin

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: CPW; UWB; MIMO; Internet of things; high isolation

Online: 4 January 2024 (03:29:14 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.2312.v1

Spatial and Temporal Dynamics of the Vegetation Cover from the Bijagual Massif, Boyacá, Colombia, during the 1986–2021 Period

Pablo Andrés Gil-Leguizamón, Jaime Francisco Pereña-Ortiz, Daniel Sánchez-Mata, Ángel Enrique Salvo-Tierra, Jorge David Mercado-Gómez, And María Eugenia Morales-Puentes

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Ecology Keywords: high Andean forest; Landsat; landscape metrics; multitemporality; paramo

Online: 29 December 2023 (14:33:48 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.1398.v1

Optimal Conditions for Generation of Runaway Electrons in High Pressure Gases

Victor Tarasenko

Subject: Physical Sciences, Fluids And Plasmas Physics Keywords: runaway electrons; diffuse discharge; high pressure; electron beams

Online: 19 December 2023 (07:11:37 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.1084.v1

Discharge Coefficients of Standard Spillways at High Altitudes

Víctor Rendón, Martí Sánchez-Juny, Soledad Estrella, Marcos Sanz-Ramos, Percy Rucano, Alan Huarca Pulcha

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: Ogee profile; discharge coefficients; atmospheric pressure; high altitude

Online: 14 December 2023 (12:13:44 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202310.1822.v1

MicroAnnot: A Dedicated Workflow for Accurate Microsporidian Genome Annotation

Jérémy Tournayre, Valérie Polonais, Ivan Wawrzyniak, Reginald Florian Akossi, Nicolas Parisot, Emmanuelle Lerat, Fréréric Delbac, Pierre Souvignet, Matthieu Reichstadt, Eric Peyretaillade

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Parasitology Keywords: Microsporidia, Structural annotation, dedicated workflow, high quality annotation.

Online: 30 October 2023 (06:25:15 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202310.1281.v1

Effects of ESC/ESH-Based Written Lifestyle Advice including a Nutraceutical on 24-Hour Blood Pressure in High-Normal Blood Pressure Patients with Low Cardiovascular Risk

Matteo Landolfo, Francesco Spannella, Chiara Poliseno, Adriano Massacesi, Federico Giulietti, Roberto Festa, Enrico Cavazzin, Giulio Sasso, Alberto Mazza, Riccardo Sarzani

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Dietetics And Nutrition Keywords: high-normal BP; hypertension; lifestyle; nutraceuticals; nitrates; beetroot

Online: 20 October 2023 (08:07:43 CEST)

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(1) Background: Lifestyle changes, eventually associated with a nutraceutical, are recommended strategies for managing high-normal blood pressure (BP) patients with low-moderate cardiovascu-lar (CV) risk. Nitrates-enriched products (i.e., red beet extracts) may help reduce BP, exerting vas-oactive properties and enhancing adherence to lifestyle advice. Our study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness in clinical practice of generic written lifestyle advice and a beetroot-based nutraceu-tical prescription based on the 2018 ESC/ESH guidelines on 24-hour BP in a population with high-normal BP and low-moderate CV risk.; (2) Methods: A longitudinal observational study was con-ducted in two ESH hypertension excellence centres on 43 consecutive subjects with high-normal BP based on repeated office BP (OBP) measurements and a low-moderate CV risk. Twenty-four-hour ambulatory BP monitoring (ABPM) was carried out at baseline and three months after ge-neric written ESC/ESH advice for lifestyle changes associated with a nutraceutical containing 500 mg of dry beetroot extract; (3) Results: Mean age 50±11 years, 54% males, 58% overweight/obese, mean OBP 135±3/85±3 mmHg. At baseline, 24-hour BP, daytime BP and night-time BP were 127±7/80±6 mmHg, 131±8/83±6 mmHg and 118±8/70±5 mmHg, respectively, BP profiles compat-ible with hypertension status in some subjects. After a median follow-up of 98 (92-121) days, all BPs, except night-time diastolic BP, were significantly decreased: -3±6/-2±4 mmHg for 24-hour BP, -3.9±6.0/-3.0±4.0 mmHg for daytime BP and -3.3±7.4/-1.3±4.7 mmHg for night-time BP, respec-tively. No significant clinical changes in weight were detected. BP decreased independently of baseline BP level, gender, smoking status and BMI, while a more substantial decrease in BP was observed in older patients; (4) Conclusions: Our pilot study shows for the first time that written generic lifestyle advice based on ESC/ESH hypertension guidelines coupled with a beetroot-based nutraceutical may represent a valid initial non-pharmacological approach in subjects with high-normal BP and low-moderate CV risk even without personalized diet interventions.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202310.0659.v1

High-Level Architecture for Interoperable Digital Twins

Mamadou Kaba Traoré

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Computer Science Keywords: Digital Twin; Smart City; Interoperability; High-Level Architecture

Online: 11 October 2023 (03:32:37 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202310.0544.v1

Multi-Omics Data Integration Reveals Sex-Dependent Hippocampal Programming by Maternal High-Fat Diet during Lactation in Adult Mouse Offspring

Thibaut Gauvrit, Hamza Benderradji, Alexandre Pelletier, Soulaimane Aboulouard, Emilie Faivre, Kevin Carvalho, Aude Deleau, Emmanuelle Vallez, Agathe Launay, Anna Bogdanova, Mélanie Besegher, Stéphanie Le Gras, Anne Tailleux, Michel Salzet, Luc Buée, Fabien Delahaye, David Blum, Didier Vieau

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: Maternal high-fat diet; multiomics; sexual dimorphism; hippocampus

Online: 9 October 2023 (13:18:25 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202310.0352.v1

Evaluation of Cell Rupture Techniques on the Extraction of Proteins from Microalgae Tetradesmus obliquus

César Augusto Sodré da Silva, Karen Vanessa Marimón Sibaja, Sabrina de Ramos Cizilio, José Roberto Miranda Júnior, Rejane de Castro Santana, Marcio Arêdes Martins, Maurício de Oliveira Leite, Eduardo Basílio de Oliveira, Jane Sélia dos Reis Coimbra

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Food Science And Technology Keywords: ball milling; high-pressure homogenization; ultrasonication; cell counting

Online: 9 October 2023 (08:56:51 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.1508.v1

Influence of Demagnetisation on Barkhausen Noise in the High-Strength Low-Alloyed Steel 1100 MC

Martin Pitoňák, Nikolaj Ganev, Katarína Zgútová, Jiří Čapek, Miroslav Neslušan, Karel Trojan

Subject: Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Keywords: high-strength steel; Barkhausen noise; surface heterogeneity; asymmetry

Online: 22 September 2023 (09:17:26 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202308.0315.v1

Simulation Study on the Process of Cleaning Oily Sludge with High-speed Stirring Rotor

Yin Wang, Keqing Li, Jiao Zhao, Xiaojia Tang, Tie Li, Xianmeng Liu, Hao Zhang, Yimin Zhu

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Environmental Science Keywords: COMSOL Multiphysics; High-speed; Stirring rotor; Oily sludge

Online: 3 August 2023 (10:01:49 CEST)

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Preprint ESSAY | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.1367.v1

The Self-Confidence among Those with High Musical Abilities Student

Khalid Hammouri

Subject: Arts And Humanities, Music Keywords: self-confidence; music; musically talented; high musical abilities

Online: 20 July 2023 (04:57:16 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.0523.v1

A Modified Guideline for High-Fidelity Patient Simulation to Improve Student Satisfaction and Self-Confidence in Learning: A Mixed Study

Florence M.F. Wong*, David C.N. Wong

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Nursing Keywords: High-fidelity; simulation; satisfaction; confidence; learning; nursing education

Online: 7 July 2023 (20:03:55 CEST)

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