The anthropometric features offer an overall image of the nutritional status. The investigated groups were aged 19 and 21. The anthropometric measurements of height and weight were recorded following standard procedures. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the harmonious body development, the nutrition status and the body composition. The evolution of the stature increases until 20 years after which stagnation follows. The body mass index of subjects was found to be normal. The body fat may vary over time in subjects depending on age and gender. Body water and body muscle mass content increased with age. The harmony of body development was assessed by means of the Amar index. Regarding the constitutional index, the women subjects belong to the leptosome type and the male subjects belong to the picnic type. The status of the investigated subjects is within the average stature.

Introduction: Capillary malformation-arteriovenous malformation (CM-AVM; MIM#608354) is caused by germline RASA1 and EPHB4 alterations. RASA1 intralesional second hits have also been reported. Constitutional mosaicism, defined as the presence of a mosaic variant in all cell types of an individual, is detected in clinical practice as mosaic variants in multiple tested samples from one individual or as mosaic variants in blood samples in a disorder affecting another cell/tissue types. Here we report RASA1 constitutional mosaicism in CM-AVM. Subjects and methods: A custom high-throughput sequencing panel was used to search for RASA1 pathogenic variants in blood samples from two unrelated patients with a clinical diagnosis of CM-AVM. An affected tissue sample from one of the patients was also analyzed. Results: Both patients showed different nonsense RASA1 variants in mosaic in blood samples and in the corresponding affected tissue sample from one of the patients. The mosaicism ranged between 7% and 21,5%. Conclusions: We report for the first time the presence of RASA1 constitutional mosaicism in CM-AVM. Constitutional mosaicism has implications for accurate molecular diagnosis and recurrence risk, and helps to explain the great phenotypic variability in CM-AVM.

Constitutions as supreme legal authorities enshrine the principles of taxation which are often used as the guidance to the legislations related to fiscal aspect, requires to be explored critically so as to provide clear understanding on taxation. This article has explored the tax provisions in the constitutions of Ethiopia and Turkey from comparative perspective through the method of doctrinal legal analysis. Both the latest constitution of Turkey and Ethiopia comprise relatively related principles regarding taxation in spite of the disparities of taxation system in these two countries due to the fact that Turkey is a unitary state whereas Ethiopia is federal. In-fact, there are some disparities within these constitutions. For instance, the 1982 Constitution of Turkey specifies the citizens' duties to pay tax and the adjudication system of tax in different way than the Ethiopian 1995 constitution. The Ethiopian constitution enshrines the taxation power in detail among other things in line with the federal system of government.

This article study was developed based on the relationship between access to justice and the instrumentality of the legal process, aiming to assess the effectiveness of the constitutional principle enshrined in Article 5, item XXXV: “the law shall not exclude any injury or threat to a right from the consideration of the Judiciary” (BRAZIL, 2008, p.27). To achieve this goal, the concept of justice was examined, as well as the definition and evolution of access to justice within legal science. In light of these concepts, it became possible to establish a connection between access to justice and the instrumentality of the legal process. This analysis reveals that the State has not yet achieved sufficient efficiency in providing support to its less favored citizens in facilitating access to justice.