Background: On 1 January 2024, the Noto Peninsula was struck by a 7.6 magnitude earthquake. In the previous article, The food provided in the evacuee shelters proved insufficient in energy and protein for the older adults, 65% of whom visited our emergency clinic. Methods: (1) analyze the amino acid and fatty acid composition of 11 evacuation meals using the "Duplicated Combination" Model, (2) assess the adequacy of the amino acid and fatty acid composition, the digestible essential amino acid score (DIAAS) was calculated and analyzed in relation to the half-life determined by the N-terminal amino acid of the proteins.. Linoleic acid (LA) and alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) levels were compared with EFSA recommendations, (3) The national survey of emergency food stocks in hospitals and social care institutions conducted in Jan, 2024 was analyzed. Results: (1) DIAAS was less than 1.00 for all 11 foods provided and was considered inadequate, (2) the half-life of the protein, whose N-terminal valine has a half-life of 100 hours, must be considered a possible deficiency when living in a shelter for more than a week, (3) LA and ALA levels were less than 40% of EFSA recommended, (4) the nationwide survey found that 80% of people have a 3-day supply and are likely to be energy and protein deficient. Conclusion: Analysis of foods in evacuation shelters after the Noto Peninsula earthquake revealed that the quality of amino acids and fatty acids seem inadequate according to DIAAS and EFSA recommendations. The “Duplicated Combination” Model might be useful to investigate the quality of foods in the shelters.

Little information is available regarding the impacts of dietary energy level on the gut microbiota and metabolites of donkeys. This studied aimed to explore the effects of dietary energy content on growth performance, intestinal microbiome and metabolome of Dezhou donkeys. Thirty-six 9-month-old male Dezhou donkeys were assigned to two groups fed low or high content energy diets (LE or HE). Results showed that donkeys fed HE had improved (P < 0.05) the average daily gain (ADG) and feed efficiency (G/F), compared with those receiving LE diet. Compared to the LE group, feeding HE specially increased the abundances of unidentified_Prevotellaceae (P = 0.02) while decreased the richness of unidentified_Ruminococcaceae (P = 0.05) of donkeys. Compared to LE group, feeding HE diet significantly (P < 0.05) affected the metabolic pathways involving the aspartate metabolism and urea cycle. In addition, the increased bacteria and metabolites in the HE-fed group exhibited a positive correlation with improved growth performance of donkeys. Taken together, feeding HE diet increased the richness of some specific bacteria and upregulated growth-related metabolic pathways, which contributed to the augmented growth performance of donkeys. Thus, it is a recommendable dietary strategy to feed HE diet to fattening donkey for superior production performance and feed efficiency.