Abstract: Agriculture in Europe needs to progress towards a new business system, where sustainable agricultural practices are the driving force behind this business. These sustainable practices will contribute to Europe's climate neutrality by 2050. Carbon farming has practices that help to sequester CO2 in the soil and mitigate CO2 from the atmosphere. Increasing SOC (Soil organic carbon) in soil through carbon farming practices will promote soil quality and fertility, which is essential for soil ecosystem services protection. This study aims to identify new proposals, such as technical and policy instruments, that help promote carbon farming practices through a bibliometric analysis of carbon farming, as there is a gap in bibliometric review studies on carbon farming in the scientific literature. The bibliometric analysis results showed that the principal common terms include “carbon farming,” “carbon sequestration, “climate change” and "Australia” and there is a lack of terms related with carbon credit market and adaptation from farmers. Australia is the country with the most published carbon farming documents. Carbon farming aims to be an eco-agrosystem to be broadly embraced by farmers.

Abstract: The motivation for investigating the issues presented in this article stemmed from a discovery that resulted from using the magnetic flux quantum, that combine the Planck's constant and the Elementary charge. It led to a new relationship between the combined expressions, it reviled that the mass of the electron is associated with the magnitude of the square of the magnetic flux quantum. Also, It revile a novel significance of the vacuum permittivity constant (in SI units), that relies also on an analogy to the kinetic theory of gases. By using the concept of the nucleus motion around the center of mass shared with the electron in the Hydrogen atom, along with defineing the orbital angular momentum of the proton at the trajectory around the center of mass, yield a velocity of the proton at this trajectory, and also a new physical constant which fulfill a similar role like the fine structure constant. The new constant yield results for the proton and neutron masses and their radii. Another aspect presented in a briefly way, demonstrates the connection between the square of the magnetic flux quantum through the Bohr radius that provides a novel significance of the wave function in the atom. This paper presents also a new perspective on the internal structure of the proton and neutron with their quarks, and on the origin of the weak force bosons associated with this internal structure. The proton, neutron and all baryons consist of two energy levels on which the Up and Down quarks are in orbit, and a third energy level that equal to ~ 80 [Gev], that plays a central role in the decay process via the weak force. The results are in full accordance with the results published by NIST CODATA 2018 that I’ve used, validating the results.

Abstract:

Diabetes mellitus is a serious chronic disease whose main characteristic is hyperglycemia (increased blood glucose), accompanied by changes in lipid and protein metabolism. For individuals with diabetes mellitus, physical activity provides significant benefits and is an essential tool for metabolic management. Daily step counting, measured with AI support through wearable devices, can be an important metric of physical activity for the prevention and treatment of this disease if performed regularly and respecting a minimum daily amount. Objective: To investigate the association between daily steps and diabetes and to determine what minimum amount should be performed daily for a protective effect in participants of the Longitudinal Study of Adult Health. Methods: The study was cross-sectional and participants from the 2nd segment (2016-2018) were analyzed, with a sample of 12,636 participants. The dependent variable was diabetes, assessed by laboratory tests, and the independent variable was daily steps counting, assessed by accelerometry. The associations between the dependent and independent variables were analyzed using logistic regression. The odds ratio with 95% CI was estimated. Results: An association was found between daily steps and diabetes (OR = 0.76, CI = 0.70-0.83), in addition to the cutoff point of 6,880 with area under the ROC curve = 0.58 (CI = 0.57-0.59). Conclusion: Based on the results found in this study, we can conclude that the number of daily steps has a protective effect against diabetes, especially in men and women with abdominal obesity and in men with moderate/vigorous leisure-time physical activity.

Abstract: Inter-row mulching with reflective film (RF) has been increasingly adopted in cool-climate vineyards to improve light availability and promote grape ripening. This study investigated the effects of ground-reflected light on the flavoromic profiles of wine grape berries (Vitis vinifera L.) over two consecutive vintages (2020–2021) in the Beijing Fangshan region of Eastern China, an area characterized by high precipitation and limited sunlight during ripening. Physicochemical analyses showed that RF treatment significantly increased total soluble solids (TSS) and decreased titratable acidity (TA) at harvest. Targeted metabolomic analyses using HPLC–MS and GC–MS identified 21 flavonoids and 35 volatile compounds responsive to altered light conditions. RF treatment markedly enhanced the accumulation of anthocyanins and flavonols, especially malvidin-based derivatives, and increased terpene and norisoprenoid concentrations, while C6/C9 compounds were more abundant in control berries. Multivariate analysis revealed that PC1 was mainly associated with anthocyanin accumulation, clearly separating RF-treated samples, whereas PC2 reflected differences in flavonols and flavan-3-ols, with higher flavonols under RF and higher skin- and seed-derived flavan-3-ols in controls. Overall, these findings demonstrate that ground-reflected light plays a critical role in modulating grape flavor composition and provides practical guidance for improving fruit quality in suboptimal climatic regions.

Abstract: Gears are important components in mechanical transmission, and monitoring their health is crucial for the safe operation of equipment. Since defects that occur during operation are mainly located on the gear surface and can be captured by industrial cameras, conditions are conducive to machine vision online inspection. Currently, research on vision-based online detection methods for gear surface defects is limited, and traditional image decomposition methods (such as Bidimensional Empirical Mode Decomposition, BEMD) are inefficient, which restricts the detection speed of the system. The Bidimensional Local Characteristics-Scale Decomposition (BLCD)proposed by Dongxu improves detection efficiency. However, the issues of boundary effect and mode mixing still exist. In response to the boundary effect and mode mixing issues that arise in the bidimensional image decomposition process using the BLCD method, corresponding improvements are proposed. First, based on the principle of boundary effects, an adaptive image extension method based on the probability density of edge extremum points is proposed. Then, referring to methods that solve mode mixing in the EMD approach, three techniques are proposed: Bidimensional Ensemble Local Characteristic-scale Decomposition (BELCD), Bidimensional Complementary Ensemble Local Characteristic-scale Decomposition (BCELCD), and Bidimensional Complete Ensemble Local Characteristic-scale Decomposition with Adaptive Noise (BCELCDAN). BELCD uses multiple white noises with a mean of 0 to mask the interference present in the signal, obtaining a more accurate envelope. BCElCD uses dual complementary noise (such as two sets of perfectly anti-correlated positive and negative noise sequences) instead of single noise. Through the symmetry of the noise, precise cancellation of the noise is achieved during the ensemble averaging process after multiple decompositions.And after BCElCDAN decomposes a first-order IMF component, it immediately performs an averaging cancelation of complementary noise on that component, and then decomposes the next order based on the residual signal, preventing noise from transferring between different order modes and improving the purity of each IMF component. Denoising and detection effectiveness comparison experiments are conducted on gear surface defects. Experimental results show that the improved BLCD method is more practical in terms of denoising and detection.

Abstract: We formulate and benchmark an operational timescale—the quantum information copy time— that quantifies how fast a localized bias in an initial many-body state becomes remotely certifiable by measurements restricted to a distant receiver region. The definition is intrinsically information-theoretic: for a fixed distinguishability threshold η ∈ (0, 1), the copy time τcopy(A → B; η) is the earliest time at which the reduced states on B become distinguishable with advantage at least η, measured by trace distance and equivalently by the optimal Helstrom measurement. We present (i) a minimal theorem that isolates which inputs are genuinely nontrivial (locality, conservation laws, and an explicit receiver observable class), and (ii) a controlled hydrodynamic closure in which the copy time is governed by a second-moment spectral susceptibility that couples the receiver advantage to the slowest transport mode. We then provide reproducible exact-diagonalization benchmarks in the XXZ chain that (a) extract finite-size transport diagnostics with conservative uncertainty quantification and (b) delimit failure modes in integrable and near-integrable regimes. TEBD/MPS calculations are included only as qualitative cross-checks (Supplementary File S1) and are not used to support asymptotic scaling claims. Finally, we situate these results inside the broader QICT program, where locality-preserving quantum cellular automata (QCA) and code-subspace constraints motivate using copy-time distances as primitives for an operational geometry; we keep this outlook explicitly conjectural and separate from the proved/validated statements.

Abstract:

High-performance athletes operate in demanding environments requiring simultaneous coordination of multiple cognitive and motor tasks. This study developed a novel dual-task protocol combining continuous visuomotor tracking with discrete attentional vigilance to investigate temporal dynamics of dual-task interference in young athletes. Thirty-six participants from interceptive and static sports performed the dual-task paradigm while behavioral performance metrics were continuously recorded. Adapting event-related potential methodology to behavioral data, we computed Event-Related Behavioral Potentials (ERBPs) to characterize time-locked performance changes. Results revealed a significant Dual-Task Effect (DTE) with distinct temporal components: an early perceptual interference phase around 450 ms post-stimulus and a later decision-execution phase extending to 1400 ms. Friedman tests confirmed significant performance differences across temporal windows (\( \chi^2 \)(4) = 85.32, p < 0.001), with performance returning to baseline by 1500 ms. The ERBP analysis enabled quantification of DTE amplitude, latency, and duration—providing novel metrics for continuous assessment of cognitive-motor interference. Target events elicited pronounced performance degradation compared to non-target events (peak difference: 10.5 px, latency difference: 350 ms), indicating sensitivity to decision-making processes beyond motor execution. Exploratory comparisons between sport groups revealed trends suggesting differential interference patterns, though no significant between-group differences emerged. These findings demonstrate that ERBP analysis offers a powerful framework for dissecting temporal dynamics of dual-task performance, with implications for understanding attentional resource allocation in high-demand environments and potential applications in sports training and cognitive assessment.

Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) are now routine writing tools across various domains, intensifying questions about when text should be treated as human-authored, artificial intelligence (AI)-generated, or collaboratively produced. This rapid review aimed to identify cue families reported in empirical studies as distinguishing AI from human-authored text and to assess how stable these cues are across genres/tasks, text lengths, and revision conditions. Following PRISMA guidelines, we searched four online databases for peer-reviewed English-language empirical articles (1 January 2022–1 January 2026). After deduplication and screening, 40 studies were included. Evidence converged on five cue families: surface, discourse/pragmatic, epistemic/content, predictability/probabilistic, and provenance cues. Surface cues dominated the literature and were the most consistently operationalized. Discourse/pragmatic cues followed, particularly in discipline-bound academic genres where stance and metadiscourse differentiated AI from human writing. Predictability/probabilistic cues were central in detector-focused studies, while epistemic/content cues emerged primarily in tasks where grounding and authenticity were salient. Provenance cues were concentrated in watermarking research. Across studies, cue stability was consistently conditional rather than universal. Specifically, surface and discourse cues often remained discriminative within constrained genres, but shifted with register and discipline; probabilistic cues were powerful yet fragile under paraphrasing, post-editing, and evasion; and provenance signals required robustness to editing, mixing, and span localization. Overall, the literature indicates that AI–human distinction emerges from layered and context-dependent cue profiles rather than from any single reliable marker. High-stakes decisions, therefore, require condition-aware interpretation, triangulation across multiple cue families, and human oversight rather than automated classification in isolation.

Abstract: Introduction: It is of the utmost importance to distinguish psychiatric illness from negative emotions to avoid psychiatrization of normal emotional responses.Case description: An 82-year-old man without a history of psychiatric disease was seen in the emergency room after a suicide attempt by hanging. He was committed and medicated with 25 mg of sertraline. Fifteen days later, the patient was evaluated in a psychiatric consultation. No psychopathology was present, and he had been cheerful and functioning well since he exited the inpatient unit. Sertraline was weaned off, and he was released from the consultation. Comment: The case report addresses psychiatrization driven by top-down factors, such as the diagnostic vagueness of classification systems or the heterogeneity of psychiatric assessments. Thus, diagnosing in mental health must involve much more than following a checklist and merely considering the patient's words and responses to questioning.

Abstract: This study presents an experimental evaluation of different optical fibers for soft tissue laser ablation using the Echolaser system, developed by Elesta S.p.A., for minimally invasive therapies. Eight fibers with varying core diameters, numerical apertures, and tip geometries (flat, conical radial, and spherical) were compared to investigate the influence of optical properties on ablation dimensions and thermal profiles. Experiments were conducted at 1064 nm with powers of 3, 5, and 7 W and delivered energies ranging from 1200 to 3600 J. Results highlight how fiber characteristics affect tissue ablation, identifying configurations suitable for minimally invasive prostate applications. These findings provide an experimental reference for the development of laser-based biomedical approaches.

Abstract: Network operators increasingly rely on abstracted telemetry (e.g., flow records and time-aggregated statistics) to achieve scalable monitoring of high-speed networks, but this abstraction fundamentally constrains the forensic and security inferences that can be supported from network data. We present a design-time audit framework that evaluates which threat hypotheses become non-supportable as network evidence is transformed from packet-level traces to flow records and time-aggregated statistics. Our methodology examines three evidence layers (L0: packet headers, L1: IP Flow Information Export (IPFIX) flow records, L2: time-aggregated flows), computes a catalog of 13 network-forensic artifacts (e.g., destination fan-out, inter-arrival time burstiness, SYN-dominant connection patterns) at each layer, and maps artifact availability to tactic support using literature-grounded associations with MITRE Adversarial Tactics, Techniques, and Common Knowledge (ATT&CK). Applied to backbone traffic from the MAWI Day-In-The-Life (DITL) archive, the audit reveals non-monotonic transformation: inference coverage decreases from 9 to 7 out of 9 evaluated ATT&CK tactics, while coverage of defensive countermeasures (MITRE D3FEND) increases at L1 (7→8 technique categories) then decreases at L2 (8→7), reflecting a shift from behavioral monitoring to flow-based controls. The framework provides network architects with a practical tool to configure telemetry systems (e.g., IPFIX exporters, P4 pipelines) to reason about and provision minimum forensic coverage.

Abstract: In this paper, we consider the development of last scattering polarization from the point of view of our new model of structure formation. It has long been accepted that the CMB polarization on a 1° scale is a consequence of Thomson scattering at the tail-end of the epoch of recombination. We present a new simulation that confirms that idea, but we also show that the standard model, which is based on acoustic oscillations, of how this came about, is unworkable for several reasons in spite of its general acceptance. Our new model of structure formation argues that all structures came into existence at a time of about 10^-5 s and that they did so containing a high density of photons. These were initially trapped inside the structure by scattering, but later began to flow out of the structure with the onset of recombination, and it was this radial flow that created the asymmetric condition necessary for the development of the polarization. Our simulation shows that this radial flow acquired a high degree of polarization in the transverse direction which was then diluted by the background CMB radiation to yield the small degree of polarization detected by observers.

Abstract: The present manuscript, rooted in literary review and philosophical exploration, is inspired by Theodor-Nicolae Carp’s poetic-prophetic manuscript The Conquest from Within and the Incoming Platonic Revolution. The work situates itself in the lineage of Arthur Schopenhauer’s ontological suffering and Mihai Eminescu’s cosmic melancholy, while proposing a transformative continuation: the reawakening of platonic intimacy as a redemptive force for human and cultural fragmentation. Drawing upon literary arts as its primary lens, the paper explores platonic intimacy—understood as non-romantic, spiritually conscious emotional connection—as both metaphor and method for reintegrating the fractured modern soul. At its core lies Carp’s Philosophical Prelude, a lyrical reflection that rejects despair and embraces the “intellectual fire” of suffering as a crucible for metamorphosis. The manuscript engages with the poem Inner Monologue: Future, Progress and Knowledge, in which geographic exile, spiritual orphanhood, and prophetic renewal converge to reveal the moral collapse of modern society while gesturing toward cosmic reintegration. Further reflections on this poem are explored in the Introduction section. This vision finds further expansion in the lyrical fragment Elegy of Mine Exile, where suffering is transfigured into a prenatal fire and invisibility becomes a sacred threshold. A considerable number of stanzas unfold this vision into ecological, theological, and anthropological dimensions: the soul's descent becomes the fermentation of a New Eden; cosmic orphanhood is reimagined as archetypal human identity; and Homo constellatus emerges as a being forged through elemental union and divine inheritance. The poem culminates in a vision of resurrectional intimacy and co-creative union, presenting exile not as disappearance but as divine gestation. Newer stanzas enrich this vision further, introducing additional metaphors of embodied transfiguration. The speaker, buried in societal invisibility, likens his soul to a seed planted in the soil, from which a “New Tree of Life” shall grow—rooted in suffering yet destined for cosmic communion. Rain becomes divine tears; the grave becomes sacred fermentation; and emotional exile is reimagined as sacramental gestation for the birth of Homo constellatus. Echoes of Gethsemane and the nativity recur through lines portraying the soul’s descent into darkness not as disappearance, but as poetic mission. Through this, Carp’s voice declares that the pain of being forsaken becomes the very altar of reconnection, and the lonely prophet becomes the first fruit of planetary resurrection. A crucial cosmic-theological dimension is added in the Philosophical Prelude: the figure of the Morning Star—symbol of both descent and transfiguration—whose fall is reinterpreted not as defeat, but as the herald of an “Eternal Dawn”, whose light will be generated and expanded as a result of the Morning Star’s “explosion”. This luminous imagery, embedded in the metaphysical theme of “labour through exile,” reinforces the work’s central claim: that the pain of alienation is the price of planetary rebirth. This vision is further enriched by Carp’s reinterpretation of Eminescu’s poetic detachment—notably the line “Tu rămâi la toate rece” (“Remain untouched by all things, and stay cold”)—which he reframes not as indifference, but as a survival reflex of the visionary soul: a subconscious, first-line defense against what is, from a relative-experiential standpoint, a 'soul-backstabbing' condition of imposed exile and existential isolation. In contrast to Hyperion’s cosmic withdrawal—captured in “Eu rămân în lumea mea, nemuritor și rece” (“I remain in my world, immortal and cold”)—Carp’s Morning Star overcomes this initial, first-line, subconscious and inherited reflex. She descends not into erasure, but into compassionate incarnation. Thus, Romantic detachment is not denied, but fulfilled—through a metaphysical theology of luminous descent. This vision is not only a philosophical commentary, but a literary and symbolic call for healing, manifested through metaphor, poetry, and interdisciplinary resonance. Combining narrative analysis, literary theory, and interdisciplinary review, the work explores Carp’s poetic fragments (The Exile, The Fire, The New Eden) in parallel with empirical studies on human touch, post-traumatic growth, neurodivergence, and urban intimacy. It introduces the metaphor of the Milky Way–Andromeda collision as an emblem of eventual reconnection, arguing for poetic literature as a visionary force capable of healing societal isolation. Platonic intimacy emerges not as nostalgia, but as revolution—one rooted in sacred presence, metaphorical restoration, and embodied care. Furthermore, the publication chapters that may bring novel points of literary and artistic perspectives to intellectual exploration. Namely, Chapters 12 and 13 of this work deepen the metamodern mythos introduced earlier in the text, completing the philosophical, spiritual, and poetic descent at the heart of The Conquest from Within. Chapter 12, “A Chaos of Inexistence or an Existential Chaos,” explores the lived experience of social and psychological invisibility, particularly among intellectually lucid and morally sensitive individuals. These souls, often marginalized for their depth, undergo a paradoxical transformation: the more they see, the more they are unseen. Drawing on figures such as Kierkegaard, Sartre, Camus, and Plato, the chapter reinterprets inexistence as a crucible—an epistemic and moral exile that initiates the individual into deeper clarity and compassion. The invisible are likened to the first butterflies—those whose metamorphosis signals the symbolic end of winter. Their descent is not a collapse but a gestation into presence. In this context, platonic intimacy emerges as a sacred recognition of interiority, forged through shared suffering and existential lucidity. Chapter 13, “The Moral Black Hole — A Portal to New Creation?” continues this descent, developing the metaphor of the black hole as a space not of destruction but of sacred implosion. Referencing the Harrowing of Hell, the descent of Christ, and the fall of Hyperion, the chapter reframes suffering, ego collapse, and obscurity as a portal to singularity—the essential core of the self, refined through spiritual gravity. The journey through the “moral black hole” is thus a movement from ego to essence, from fracture to radiance. Here, the archetype of the wounded healer takes full form: those who return from the depths, stripped of pride and lit by interior resurrection. Two new symbolic expansions emerge in this framework. First, the metaphor of a pilot flying through the North Pole of human coldheartedness captures the soul’s journey through spiritual apathy and moral desolation, guided only by inner conscience. The destination, the Land of the Spiritually Free, reflects Carp’s vision of ethical clarity born from endurance. Second, the image of a medical singularity, entered by those navigating trauma through behavioral therapy and SSRI interventions, represents not pharmacological flattening, but a sacred passage into psychic reorganization. Both metaphors reinforce Carp’s core thesis: that collapse is not terminal—it is transformational. Across both chapters, the poetic cycle is completed through two original works—“The Star That Fell to Save the Night” and “The Embrace of Singularity”—which weave cosmic, theological, and psychological imagery into a redemptive literary theology. Together, these final chapters offer a vision of a New Eden: not as innocence regained, but as maturity born of descent—a society rooted in vulnerability, presence, and the moral clarity that emerges only from the fire of compassionate collapse. Chapter 28 (The Womb of Time — Evolution as Divine Pregnancy and the Chant of Creation) proposes a metaphysical-literary model of evolution framed as a "divine pregnancy," integrating evolutionary science with theological and poetic insight. The concept reinterprets human development not as random adaptation but as sacred choreography—an intentional, time-bound unfolding of consciousness aimed at manifesting the imago Dei. Through the chapter, the following concept is explored and discussed: Linguistic Symbolism and Sacred Evolution: The Echo of “Eu” in Dumnezeu. In Romanian, the word for God—Dumnezeu—ends with eu, meaning “I” or “me.” Though not an etymological derivation, this phonetic coincidence becomes a poetic metaphor: within the divine name, the human self is concealed, waiting to awaken.Stepping into the eternal realm through chant mirrors God's creative act—the sacred, rhythmic emergence of humanity through the long pregnancy of time. Each evolutionary wave is not chaos, but divine cadence. Chant, like evolution, repeats with purpose: syllables forming a hymn of becoming. In this vision, eu is both echo and endpoint—culminating in the human “I am” rising in response to the divine “I Am”, completing creation with conscious intimacy. The model emphasizes non-linear progression, symbolic depth, and the spiritual significance of repetition and intimacy in both biological and relational evolution. Just as a game developer iterates endlessly—sketching, coding, adjusting animations, running simulations—to breathe life into a single playable character, so too did the Creator repeat countless evolutionary drafts. Each prototype of early humanity was not a failure but a frame—a frame in the animation of being. A gesture toward the final form. A divine developer, crafting not pixels, but persons; not mechanics, but meaning. This cosmic anthropology is further deepened in the Interlude (The Author’s View on the Divine — Language, Creation, Breath of Love and the Triune Mystery), which presents a poetic theology of divine speech. Here, the Trinity is envisioned not as abstraction but as relational poetics: the Father as Source, the Son as Word, and the Spirit as Breath—together forming a cosmos spoken into being through love. The Interlude draws from Eastern Orthodox Christian mysticism and resonates across religious traditions, suggesting that ultimate reality is not indifferent, but relationally alive. In this view, language becomes sacrament, speech becomes participation, and evolution itself becomes the chant of God—calling each soul by name into communion. Chapter 47 (The Eclipse of True Affection) shifts from metaphysical themes to emotional scarcity in the modern age. Through the paradox of Gabriel’s Horn, the chapter critiques an age of abundant but superficial relations—wide in reach, but hollow in depth. In contrast, platonic intimacy is reimagined as a sacred and countercultural act: one rooted in kenosis, emotional courage, and the Cross as both a theological and symbolic axis. This vision frames the heart as a vessel of openness and suggests that only through humility and sacred affection can human beings emerge from their emotional isolation and begin again as “Trees of Life.” Against the backdrop of urban alienation, this chapter reclaims platonic love as an essential path to spiritual and communal renewal. Chapter 48 (The Icon of the Cross) presents cruciform love as the architecture of a new humanity—where spiritual verticality and compassionate horizontality meet at the sacred heart. The present manuscript also proposes a vision of Homo constellatus not as a future mutation, but as a sacred return—an iconic humanity reawakened through neurodivergent insight, symbolic memory, and cosmic communion—via Chapter 50 (From Homo sapiens to Homo constellatus — The Return to Iconic Humanity). This figure embodies the convergence of intellect and intimacy, suffering and structure, offering a prophetic alternative to both technocratic progress and existential fragmentation. Chapter 51 (The New Tree of Life) imagines each soul as soil ready to bear fruits of divine love through inner suffering and shared joy, likening human communities to forests of mutual shelter. Chapter 52 (The Metamorphosis of the New Angels) concludes the journey with an image of souls transfigured by suffering, who rise not with thunder, but with tenderness, silence, and the sacred memory of a more intimate world-to-come. The text calls for a literary revival that not only critiques but reimagines. It envisions cities as “urban wombs,” housing models based on “cuddled architecture,” and cultural rituals rediscovering lullabies, silence, and holy touch. Importantly, the present manuscript also explores A Proposed Continuation of Mihai Eminescu’s Literary Manifesto—a poetic declaration that reimagines Eminescu’s metaphysical and Romantic legacy for the modern age. Structured in four symbolic movements—cosmic vigilance, creative sacrifice, paradoxical unity, and nature’s silent wisdom—the manifesto calls for a literature rooted in transcendence, synthesis, and spiritual renewal. By bridging past and present, it positions the poet as a visionary force capable of healing cultural divides and rekindling humanity’s connection to the eternal.In its later parts, the present review manuscript extends its literary vision into concrete social architecture. Drawing on concepts such as embraced housing, relational education, a School of Boundaries, Consent, Safe Spaces, and Platonic Intimacy (SCPI), and proposed clinics for expanded platonic intimacy, the paper proposes that platonic intimacy can function as a safeguarded civic resource rather than a private exception. These frameworks suggest that exile may become gestation not only in metaphor, but in institutional practice, pointing toward cities and communities designed to cradle rather than fracture the human heart.Grounded in literary writing but supported by 50–100 interdisciplinary references, this preprint reasserts literature’s power to bridge suffering and hope—building not only symbolic but tangible structures of reconnection. Lastly, the manuscript frames the “fall” of the Morning Star not as erasure, but as a luminous metaphysical explosion—the symbolic ignition of the Eternal Morning that marks the end of the Old World and the rebirth of integrated consciousness. Commentary: Carp’s Philosophical Prelude and poetic excerpts are a luminous call to embrace suffering as a crucible for transformation, echoing existential and mystical literary traditions. The imagery of “intellectual fire” and “holy forgetfulness” elevates the narrative to a prophetic vision, grounding the scientific in the soulful.

Abstract:

Background/Objectives: Despite extensive research on nurses' knowledge and attitudes toward pain management globally, limited evidence exists regarding the actual implementation of multimodal pain management practices among Vietnamese nurses. This study aimed to (1) assess nurses' implementation of pharmacological and non-pharmacological pain management interventions, (2) examine the relationships among knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP), and (3) identify predictors of competent practice with attention to the relative contributions of formal training versus clinical experience. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 230 nurses from two tertiary public hospitals in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, between April and June 2024. Pain management knowledge, attitudes, and practices were assessed using validated instruments. Independent samples t-tests compared trained versus untrained nurses. Multiple linear regression identified predictors of practice competency. Effect sizes (Cohen's d) quantified the magnitude of training effects. Results: Nurses demonstrated moderate-to-good competency, with pharmacological interventions (M = 3.74) implemented more consistently than non-pharmacological interventions (M = 3.48, p < 0.001). Trained nurses significantly outperformed untrained nurses across all domains with large effect sizes (Cohen's d = 1.34–1.54). A clear hierarchy emerged in non-pharmacological practice: environmental (M = 4.01) > physical (M = 3.69) > cognitive-behavioral (M = 3.27) > spiritual (M = 2.60). Strong KAP correlations were observed (r = 0.70–0.85, p < 0.001). Prior training was the strongest predictor of both pharmacological (β = 1.31, p < 0.001) and non-pharmacological practice (β = 0.58, p < 0.001), while clinical experience showed no significant effect (p > 0.40). Conclusions: This study provides novel evidence that formal training—not clinical experience—drives competent pain management practice among Vietnamese nurses, with large effect sizes demonstrating practical significance. The strong KAP relationships support targeted educational interventions addressing knowledge gaps to improve practice. These findings have direct implications for nursing education policy in Vietnam and similar healthcare settings.

Abstract: Background: Field-based functional fitness tests are widely used to assess exercise capacity, yet their acute physiological responses in clinical populations remain incompletely characterized. This study examined acute cardiopulmonary responses to a two-minute step test (2MST) in adults with cardiovascular risk factors. Methods: A total of 239 adults (155 women, 84 men) with cardiovascular risk factors completed the 2MST. Pulmonary function (FVC, FEV₁, PEF), oxyhemoglobin saturation (SpO₂), and heart rate were assessed before and immediately after the test. Analyses were performed overall and stratified by sex, age, and tertiles of step count. Results: Following the 2MST, small but significant increases in FVC and FEV₁ were observed across sex and age groups (p < 0.05). Improvements in PEF were most evident in younger men. Participants with lower baseline stepping performance showed greater increases in SpO₂, particularly women, with improvements of up to approximately 1.7 percentage points. Heart rate increased by approximately 25 beats per minute during exercise and did not differ significantly across performance tertiles after adjustment. Conclusions: The two-minute step test elicits measurable acute cardiopulmonary responses in adults with cardiovascular risk factors. Beyond its role as a functional fitness assessment, the 2MST provides a brief physiological stimulus associated with improved oxygenation, particularly in individuals with lower baseline functional capacity.

Abstract: The European Green Deal aims to make Europe the world's first carbon-neutral continent, and the United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 15 seeks to achieve neutrality in land degradation. For that, soil, a depletable natural resource, requires adequate protection and preservation, which calls for its management through an environmentally conscious framework. Soil supplies food regulates water and nutrient cycles, and healthy soils also store carbon. Its ecosystem services are under pressure, making it difficult to maintain its health and preserve biodiversity. Despite existing legal instruments, soil degradation is on the rise and is mostly addressed indirectly in the EU governance measures, without a harmonized soil legislation before the 23rd of October 2025, when the Directive on Soil Monitoring and Resilience was approved by the European Parliament. This directive will complement existing soil legislation and will contribute to healthy soils as soil starts to be treated as a protected natural resource. This study aims to carry out a critical analysis of Portuguese and European Union soil legislation, based on the information available in the SoiLEX database. The aim was to evaluate the contributions of that legislation to soil health, particularly regarding soil threats that are listed in that database. It was found that Portuguese legislative acts only make indirect references to threats to soil, in a vague manner related to soil salinization, and no reference is made to soil acidification. European Union legislation makes more direct references to the SoiLEX database threats to soil, but for some soil threats, the references are still indirect. Moreover, there is no reference as a SoiLEX Topic to salinization, compaction, and acidification of soil. The contribution of this study is to reveal the absence of soil protection visibility on EU and Portuguese legislation and can be used to revise and update the soil related legislation.

Abstract: ligocene rocks and fluids of A-1X well were conducted for source rock and fluid characterization and implying the suitable geological sites for CO2 storage from high-salinity water in sandstone reservoirs based on Rock-Eval pyrolysis, vitrinite reflectance measurement, bitumen extraction, hydrocarbon fractionation, gas chromatography, stable carbon isotope, formation water and X-Ray Diffraction analyses. Shale source rocks reveal fairly good potential of hydrocarbon generation. Compositions of gas sample in gas-related zones 1010-1110m are mainly composed of CH4, following C2+, N2, and a little content of CO2 and no noticeable of H2S. Carbon isotopes of oil and gas samples reveal the organic matters mainly derived from sapropelic and little humic sources, entering the mature stage to oil window phases. The formation water is classified as Calcium-Chloride type that contain high concentrations of total dissolved solid, salinity, and K+, Na+ and Cl- cations. This formation water is associated with deep source, and close system that are effective conditions for a large pool with good sealing capacity and not impacted by dissolution of the salt rock around. Most sandstones comprise very high visual porosities including high quartz, plagioclase and calcite minerals that are favorable conditions for subsurface pore space and CO2 injection in over saturated fluids. The popular presence of brittle minerals in the upper part of strongly fractured basement indicates this could be a good sandstone reservoir. The finding is identification of suitable candidate for storing CO2 in the saline aquifer under the active petroleum system with current oil and gas accumulations.

Abstract: Background Hospitalizations for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) increasingly involve a complex interaction of chronic liver disease, cardiometabolic comorbidities, and systemic complications, which now exert greater influence than tumor-specific factors alone. However, contemporary data on how the evolving comorbidity burden affects inpatient resource utilization and procedural care are limited. This study evaluates national trends in inpatient characteristics, procedural utilization, and outcomes among patients hospitalized with HCC from 2018 to 2022. Methods A retrospective, cross-sectional analysis of adult hospitalizations was performed using the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) from 2018 to 2022. Hospitalizations involving HCC were identified through ICD-10 diagnosis codes, encompassing both principal and secondary diagnoses. Survey-weighted analyses were used to estimate national prevalence, in-hospital mortality, length of stay (LOS), and total hospital charges. Temporal trends were evaluated using survey-weighted logistic or linear regression, with calendar year as a continuous variable. Multivariable survey-weighted logistic regression models were constructed to identify adjusted predictors of inpatient mortality and procedural utilization, including liver transplantation, hepatic resection, and transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) placement. Results During the study period, an estimated 275,000 HCC-related hospitalizations occurred nationwide. The prevalence of cardiometabolic comorbidities increased significantly over time (all p< 0.001), including MASLD (6.6% to 8.7%), obesity (10.6% to 13.7%), diabetes (36.0% to 38.9%), and dyslipidemia (26.4% to 34.4%). In-hospital mortality rose from 8.82% (95% CI, 8.40-9.24%) in 2018 to 9.23% (95% CI, 8.81-9.65%) in 2022, with the highest rate in 2020 (9.42%). In parallel, inpatient resource utilization rose, as reflected by longer lengths of stay and higher hospitalization charges. Utilization of diagnostic endoscopic procedures, such as esophagogastroduodenoscopy and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, increased, whereas rates of definitive inpatient oncologic and portal hypertension–directed interventions—including liver transplantation, hepatic resection, and TIPS—remained low and stable. In-hospital mortality was independently associated with markers of hepatic decompensation and systemic illness, including hepatic encephalopathy, acute kidney injury, sepsis, and hepatorenal syndrome. These associations were stronger than those observed for tumor-directed procedures, as reflected by inpatient procedural utilization patterns. Conclusions Between 2018 and 2022, inpatient resource utilization among patients hospitalized with hepatocellular carcinoma increased in parallel with rising cardiometabolic comorbidity and was driven primarily by the management of hepatic decompensation and systemic illness rather than oncologic intervention. These findings characterize the evolving complexity of HCC hospitalizations in the contemporary inpatient setting.

Abstract: Digital technologies such as big data are reshaping resource allocation, raising interest in whether and how Heterogeneous science and technology innovation (STI) policies can help unlock urban carbon lock-in. Using panel data for 286 prefecture-level cities in China from 2009 to 2023, this paper examines the effects of heterogeneous STI policy intensity—classified as supply-side, demand-side, complementary-factor, and institutional-reform policies—on urban carbon unlocking efficiency. We develop a mechanism-based framework and empirically assess (i) the moderating roles of digital infrastructure, science and technology finance, and government green attention, and (ii) spatial spillover effects using spatial econometric models. The results show that all four policy types significantly improve local carbon unlocking efficiency, with institutional-reform policies exhibiting the largest marginal effect. When the four types are included jointly, only supply-side and demand-side policies retain statistically significant direct effects. Heterogeneity analyses indicate that demand-side, complementary-factor, and institutional-reform policies are more effective in low-pollution cities, whereas supply-side and demand-side policies have stronger effects in high energy-consuming cities. Mechanism tests further reveal that digital infrastructure amplifies policy effectiveness by facilitating factor mobility, science and technology finance strengthens policy impacts by easing financial constraints, and government green attention enhances policy effectiveness by improving implementation. Finally, carbon unlocking efficiency displays significant spatial dependence: supply-side and institutional-reform policies generate positive spillovers, while complementary-factor policies exhibit negative spillovers. Overall, the findings provide empirical evidence to inform the design and coordination of heterogeneous STI policy portfolios aimed at improving urban carbon unlocking efficiency.

Abstract: Aridity represents a fundamental climatic constraint governing water resources, eco-system functioning, and agricultural systems in transitional climate zones. This study examines the spatial organization and temporal variability of aridity and thermal con-tinentality in North Macedonia using observational records from 13 meteorological stations distributed across contrasting altitudinal and physiographic settings. The analysis is based on homogenized monthly and annual air temperature and precipitation series covering the period 1991–2020. Aridity and continentality were quantified using the De Martonne Aridity Index (IDM), the Pinna Combinative Index (IP), and the Johansson Continentality Index (JCI). Temporal consistency and trend behavior were evaluated using Pettitt’s nonparametric change-point test, linear regression, the Mann–Kendall test, and Sen’s slope estimator. Links between aridity variability and large-scale atmospheric circulation were examined using correlations with the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) and the Southern Oscillation Index (SOI). The results show a spatially consistent and statistically significant increase in mean annual air temper-ature, with a common change point around 2006, while precipitation displays strong spatial variability and limited temporal coherence. Aridity patterns display a strong altitudinal control, with extremely humid to very humid conditions prevailing in mountainous western regions and semi-humid to semi-dry conditions dominating lowland and southeastern areas, particularly during summer. Trend analyses do not reveal statistically significant long-term changes in aridity or continentality over the study period, although low-elevation stations exhibit weak drying tendencies. A mod-erate positive association between IDM and IP (r = 0.66) confirms internal consistency among aridity indices, while summer aridity shows a statistically significant relationship with the NAO. These results provide a robust climatic reference for North Mace-donia, establishing a first climatological baseline of aridity conditions based on multi-ple indices applied to homogenized observations, and contributing to regional assess-ments of hydroclimatic variability relevant to climate adaptation planning.