Abstract: This study introduces a pioneering digital twin platform that embeds graph neural networks (GNNs) to replicate power system topologies, where buses function as nodes and transmission lines serves as edges, facilitating precise real-time state estimation and predictive analytics. Transfer learning enables efficient adaptation of pre-trained GNN models from extensive synthetic datasets, such as modified IEEE benchmarks, to operational environments with scarce data, slashing training requirements by approximately 60% while upholding robustness across varied grid configurations from local distribution to national wholesale markets. Quantum-safe protocols, drawing on NIST-approved post-quantum algorithms like Kyber for key encapsulation and Dilithium for digital signatures, secure the continuous data synchronization between physical infrastructure and virtual models, defending against quantum-enabled threats such as harvest-now-decrypt-later scenarios without introducing latency penalties.The hybrid edge-cloud deployment supports advanced resilient control mechanisms, encompassing model predictive control for stabilizing grid operations amid faults and optimization routines for electricity market clearing that enhance social welfare under stochastic conditions involving renewables and demand response. Validation occurs through rigorous simulations on IEEE 118-bus, 300-bus, and large-scale 10,000-bus networks subjected to false data injection attacks, renewable intermittency, and topological shifts. Results reveal 25% reductions in fault recovery durations, 18% gains in locational marginal price precision, and near-perfect (99.9%) resilience to encrypted interceptions. Ablation analyses affirm the additive value of GNN topology awareness, which alone reduces state prediction errors by 32% compared to recurrent baselines, alongside transfer learning's convergence acceleration and quantum cryptography's seamless integration.This platform bridges critical gaps in cyber-physical security and operational agility, positioning it as a deployable solution for smart grid evolution, including distributed energy integration and peer-to-peer transactions. Prospects for enhancement involve hybrid quantum-classical computing to further optimize control horizons, ensuring long-term viability in decarbonized energy ecosystems.

Abstract: Background/Objectives: Angiosarcoma of the thorax is a very rare and malignant disease. We studied the incidence and survival of thoracic angiosarcomas with special focus on primary and secondary angiosarcoma. Methods: We analyzed data from the population-based cancer registry North Rhine-Westphalia (NRW), Germany, of the years 2008–2023. We included primary and secondary angiosarcoma of the thorax (ICD-O-3: morphology 9120/3, topography C34, C38, C44.51, C49.3, C50) and report age-standardized (Old European Standard population) incidence rates and survival (Kaplan-Meier Curves). Results: We analyzed 421 cases of thoracic angiosarcoma. 90.0% were female (n = 379). The age-standardized incidence rates of angiosarcoma of the thorax were 0.25 per million and year for male patients (SE 0.0) and 1.5 per million and year for female patients (SE 0.1). All male patients had primary angiosarcoma (n = 42). The majority of thoracic angiosarcoma among females were second primary tumors (n=262, 69.1%). The 5-year overall survival (OS) was 38.5% (SE 2.6). OS for women was 41.4% (SE 2.8) and for men was 12.0% (SE 5.4). OS for female patients was 40.9% (SE 4.1) and 41.8% (SE 3.8) for primary and second primary angiosarcoma respectively. The worst OS had patients with angiosarcoma of the lung (men 20.0% (SE 12.7) and mediastinum, heart and pleura (men 4.7% (SE 4.5). The OS for women was 0%, all females died within 2.2 years after diagnosis of angiosarcoma with these topographies. Conclusions: Angiosarcoma of the thorax is a rare condition with poor prognosis. Irrespective of the classification into primary and second primary, women with angiosarcoma have a better prognosis than men. Topography seems to be the most determining prognostic factor in this disease.

Abstract:

We develop an operational certification framework for micro–macro modeling in local quantum systems. Audited closure is defined as a uniform discrepancy bound between microscopic and surrogate predictions over a declared observable suite on a declared domain of states. A receiver-region copy time τ_copy(η;A→B) is defined as the earliest time at which a finite receiver region B can distinguish—at trace-distance threshold η—a localized perturbation supported on A. Under explicit Lieb–Robinson hypotheses for Hamiltonian or Lindbladian generators, we derive an exponential receiver distinguishability envelope and an explicit time-to-threshold lower bound, including the regime η≥Γ where the threshold is provably never reached and τ_copy=+∞. As an achieved-closure demonstration, we analyze a split-step quantum walk lifted to quasi-free lattice fermions and provide computable dispersion and two-point density audit bounds on a band-limited quasi-free domain. As a signature contribution beyond a repackaging of locality, we prove a locality–mixing separation theorem for primitive Lindbladians with a log-Sobolev (or mixing) rate λ: the receiver distinguishability is bounded by the minimum of a ballistic LR tail and an intrinsic mixing contraction, yielding a measurable crossover time and an operational separation between unitary and dissipative dynamics.

Abstract: Background: Chronological age does not always accurately reflect biological matura-tion in children, particularly in the presence of systemic diseases. Dental age assess-ment is widely used as a biological maturity indicator; however, the effect of juvenile diabetes mellitus on dental maturation remains insufficiently clarified, with incon-sistent findings reported across populations. Objective: This study aimed to compare dental age estimated using the Demirjian method with chronological age in children with juvenile diabetes and in age- and sex-matched healthy controls. Materials and Methods: This observational comparative study included panoramic radiographs from 30 children aged 8–15 years: 15 patients diagnosed with juvenile diabetes mellitus and 15 systemically healthy controls, all presenting Angle Class I malocclusion. Dental age was assessed using the Demirjian method and compared with chronological age. Ap-propriate parametric or non-parametric statistical tests were applied based on data distribution. Results: Children with juvenile diabetes exhibited a statistically signifi-cant advancement in dental age relative to chronological age, with a mean DA–CA difference of 1.36 years (p = 0.0066). No statistically significant differences between dental and chronological age were observed in the control group. Sexual dimorphism was evident from crown completion stages onward, with females demonstrating earli-er dental maturation. Conclusions: Juvenile diabetes mellitus is associated with accel-erated dental maturation. These findings have clinical implications for orthodontic treatment timing and growth assessment and indicate a potential risk of age overesti-mation in forensic contexts. Dental age should therefore be interpreted alongside skel-etal and chronological indicators, particularly in pediatric patients with systemic metabolic conditions.

Abstract: High-quality RGB–thermal infrared (RGB-T) semantic segmentation datasets are crucial for search-and-rescue (SAR) applications, yet their development is hindered by the scarcity of annotated ground truth and by the challenges of thermal-camera calibration, which typically depends on heated targets with limited geometric definition. Recent approaches, such as MATT, focus on transferring SAM-based RGB masks to multi-spectral data, but they do not fully address the need for robust cross-modal alignment, quality control, or human-in-the-loop reliability assessment in RGB-T segmentation. To fill this gap, we propose a general annotation methodology that performs geometric alignment of RGB-T pairs, combines model-based proposals with interactive refinement, and incorporates annotation cost and systematic quality checks using inter-annotator agreement. In this methodology, multimodal alignment is ensured through feature-based matching and homography estimation. Annotation integrates automatic proposals and guided refinement, and final masks undergo quantitative cost and quality control before being used in downstream model training. The proposed methodology was evaluated on a SAR-oriented RGB-T dataset comprising 306 image pairs. Consistent cross-modal alignment was achieved via SuperGlue-based matching and homography estimation, enabling the implementation of a SAM2-based semi-automatic annotation pipeline in Label Studio. Results across two annotators show that the proposed approach reduces annotation time by 21% while achieving a high annotation quality mean IoU = 74.9%) and a high inter-annotator agreement (mean pixel accuracy = 88.4%, Cohen's kappa = 83%). The curated labels were then used to benchmark two representative RGB-T segmentation models. These findings demonstrate the practical value of the proposed methodology and establish a reproducible framework for generating reliable RGB-T semantic segmentation datasets, complementing and extending recent multispectral auto-labeling approaches.

Abstract: Mediterranean greenhouses are characterized by the use of passive climate control techniques, thus avoiding energy inputs that would make crop production more expensive. This study was carried out in Almería (Spain), in a greenhouse divided in two sectors. (West sector: with double roof with a pink spectrum converter film combined with an increased ventilation surface, ratio of vent surface/greenhouse surface SV/SC = 26.0%; East sector: acted as a control with only standard ventilation surface, SV/SC = 16.6%). This study analysed the effect of a double roof and an increased ventilation surface on the main fungal diseases in different crops (Solanum lycopersicum L., Capsicum annuum L., and Cucumis sativus L.). Different diseases were found that develop naturally, powdery mildew (Leveillula taurica) in both the tomato and the pepper crop, and early blight (Alternaria linariae) only in the tomato crop. In the case of cucumber crop, three diseases that developed naturally were found, (i) downy mildew (Pseudoperonospora cubensis), (ii) powdery mildew (Podosphaera xanthii) and (iii) gummy stem blight (Stagonosporopsis spp). The sector that combined the double roof and the increased ventilation surface had lower disease levels compared to the control sector, with statistically significant differences.

Abstract: Cadmium (Cd) is a ubiquitous environmental pollutant that enters the circulation from the lungs and gastrointestinal tract. For most people, staple foods form the main route of Cd exposure. Current evidence suggests that Cd may increase the prevalence of iron deficiency and anemia in environmentally exposed people. Concerningly, intravenous iron administration to treat iron deficiency anemia has resulted in adverse bone outcomes in a higher-than-expected frequency; for which reasons remain unclear. The bone-derived hormone, fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23), the regulator of vitamin D and phosphate homeostasis, has been speculatively implicated, given that anemia, iron deficiency and inflammatory conditions all are known to increase FGF23 expression levels in osteoblasts. Additionally, early studies demonstrated that Cd increased FGF23 expression by osteoblast-like cells and suppressed FGF23 cleavage leading to an abrupt rise in serum FGF23, which, in turn, mediated an effect of Cd on tubular phosphate reabsorption. In this review, experimental breakthrough studies showing Cd-induced iron deficiency, and a reduction in iron absorption by Cd are summarized together with intestinal absorption of Cd, and an increment of Cd uptake and Cd body burden in those with low body iron stores. Potential contributions of Cd, anemia and iron deficiency in the context of hypophosphatemic osteomalacia development after intravenous iron supplementation, are discussed. Mechanism of Cd-induced ferroptosis in pathogenesis of osteoporosis, emphasizing heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1)/bilirubin axis and zinc deficiency are presented.

Abstract: Background: There is paucity of information concerning automatic mitral valve apparatus analysis of patients with mitral valve prolapse (MVP). Objectives: We aimed to study with an automatic three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) dedicated software patients with moderate and severe mitral regurgitation when compared to patients with no structural cardiac chamber alterations (patients with patent foramen ovale (PFO) who underwent TEE) . Methods: We employed a TEE software dedicated to automatic analysis of 34 parameters of the mitral valve apparatus comparing MVP patients with moderate and severe mitral regurgitation and patients with PFO without cardiac chamber structural alterations. Mitral valve effective regurgitant orifice (ERO) and regurgitant volume were correlated to automatic MVP parameters. Results: 59 MVP patients and 43 PFO patients were analysed. All MVP patients presented P2 mitral valve prolapse, 15 (25.4 % ) with both posterior and anterior prolapse. Twenty-seven automatic parameters (79%) were different concerning MVP and PFO patients (p< 0.05): diameters, area, perimeter, height, angle, coaptation width, lenght, closure line lenght, annulus. ERO was 0.43 + 0.11 cm2 , and regurgitant volume: 62.2 + 14.9 ml/beat. Automatic analysis correlated to 75 percentile ERO MVP patients (ERO> 0.48 cm2): Posterior Leafltet Area (r:0.74, p:0.031); Posterior Leafltet Lenght (r:0.73, p:0.032); Tenting area (r:0,41, p:0.048). Conclusions: Automatic mitral valve parameters analysis were different concerning MVP and no structural cardiac chamber (PFO) patients. 75 percentile ERO MVP patients (ERO> 0.48 cm2) correlated to posterior leaflet parameters.This anatomic information could be useful to planning and surgical treatment of mitral valve prolapse patients.

Abstract: Prostate cancer is one of the most prevalent and deadly neoplasias in the male population. Despite the availability of therapies that increase the long-term survival of patients with localized tumors, metastatic prostate cancer is challenging to treat. A previous study revealed that the 2-aminopyridine derivative (named Neq0440) inhibited the PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathway and presented selective cytotoxicity toward the metastatic prostate cancer cell line PC-3. Here, we further analyzed the mechanism of action of these molecules by using cell-based colorimetric, fluorometric, epifluorescence microscopy, and Western blot assays. Mitochondrial depolarization increased the AMPK level at 24 h inhibition with Neq0440, which led to the PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathway downregulation after 48 h. The phosphorylation was inhibited for AKT and the downstream quinases (S6RP and 4EBP1) from the PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathway, which can work together with the mitochondrial depolarization, lowering the pH of the medium, increasing ROS levels, and translocating the lysosomes toward the nucleus to trigger cell death. Therefore, Neq0440 can be used as a lead compound to obtain derivatives with a novel anticancer mechanism of action.

Abstract: Background/Objectives: Soccer is a team sport that places significant physical demands on players. Players cover greater distances at higher speeds, and the number of high-intensity movements is increasing. The present study analyzed the locomotor and mechanical variables of Hungarian second division professional soccer players over three seasons (2022/23, 2023/24, 2024/25), using Catapult Vector S7 and processing data from 94 matches. Methods: We included 94 matches in the study (2022/23: N=38; 2023/24: N=29; 2024/25: N=27), in which only the data of players who played the entire matches were analyzed, excluding red card matches. Performance data was collected using Catapult Vector S7 10 Hz GNNS system. Results: The median average distance covered decreased continuously from the 2022/23 season (10.210 m) to the 2024/25 season (9.795 m) (H (2) = 14.14, p&lt;0.001, Rank ε² = 0.152, medium effect size). The median Player Load decreased from 1002 (2022/23 and 2023/24) to 846 in the 2024/25 season (H (2) = 55.64, p&lt;0.001, Rank ε² = 0589, very large effect size). The median acceleration-deceleration effort (Accel + Decel) decreased from 220.8 (2022/23) to 199.0 (2024/25) (H (2) = 26.81, p&lt;0.001, Rank ε² = 0.288, effect size). Conclusion: There was a significant seasonal decrease in match load variables. The most pronounced decrease occurred in the mechanical indicator. These results may provide useful insights into the physical demands of matches.

Abstract: Customer Lifetime Value (CLV) prediction is a fundamental challenge in hospitality analytics, supporting revenue management, personalization, and long-term customer relationship strategies. However, existing models predominantly rely on structured behavioral data while overlooking the emotional intelligence embedded in guest narratives. This study proposes an interpretable multimodal deep learning framework that bridges behavioral and emotional intelligence for CLV prediction by integrating structured booking records with unstructured hotel review text. The proposed architecture combines a multilayer perceptron for behavioral feature encoding with a transformer-based language model for textual representation, followed by a cross-modal attention fusion mechanism. Model interpretability is ensured through SHAP analysis for structured attributes, LIME for local textual explanations, and attention visualization for modality interaction analysis. Experimental evaluation on large-scale hospitality datasets demonstrates that the proposed multimodal framework consistently outperforms traditional machine learning models, unimodal deep learning baselines and classical ensemble learners, achieving predictive improvements ranging from approximately 15 to 30 percent across evaluation metrics and a notable increase in goodness of fit. The results confirm that emotional intelligence extracted from guest reviews significantly enhances CLV prediction and provides actionable insights for hospitality decision making, supporting the deployment of transparent and explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) systems for strategic customer value management.

Abstract: Pemivibart (VYD222) and its successor, VYD2311, target a shared, evolutionarily vulnerable epitope in the SARS-CoV-2 spike receptor-binding domain (RBD). Although VYD2311 an IND features an Fc-mediated half-life extension and demonstrates a reported 17-fold increase in in-vitro neutralization potency over pemivibart (marketed as Pemgarda™, VYD222), both antibodies engage identical contact residues such as R346, K444, F456, and F486, making them equally susceptible to the same escape pathways. Although Fc‑engineering strategies can enhance serum half‑life, they do not alter the vulnerable epitope specificity shared by these antibodies. To assess the real-world durability of this therapeutic axis, we conducted mass-scale genomic surveillance across 9,398,268 global SARS-CoV-2 spike sequences spanning January 2020 through September 2025 (Q3 2025), including 26,514 non-INSDC Chinese submissions. Using a reference-aligned, codon-resolved pipeline anchored to Wuhan-Hu-1 (YP_009724390.1), we systematically mapped the emergence, co-occurrence, and global fixation of 11 experimentally validated escape residues. Mutational constellations were stratified by haplotype tier (1/5 to 5/5), lineage, geography, and time to reconstruct the evolutionary trajectory of resistance. Our analysis reveals that pemivibart/VYD2311 resistance is now near-ubiquitous: 94.8% of 2025 isolates harbor ≥3 of the 5 core escape mutations (R346T, S371F, K444T, N460K, F486P), and over 95% of high-tier (≥3/5) escape genomes belong to KP.3-descendant lineages - embedding resistance as a baseline feature of the contemporary virome. Critically, we identified natural isolates carrying the complete 5/5 escape haplotype, including a clonal cluster in Puerto Rico as early as late 2023 - predating both the EUA for pemivibart (March 2024) and the IND clearance for VYD2311 (October 2025). In China, distinct but functionally convergent substitutions (S501T, S500T, S417T) dominate, illustrating regional pathways to the same outcome: the therapeutic failure. We cataloged 116 unique escape constellations, with up to eight co-occurring mutations, and confirmed that dominant 2024 - 2025 lineages - including LB.1, LB.1.81, and KP.3.1.1 - routinely carry 4 - 5 escape residues. Notably, Invivyd’s efficacy models rely on neutralization titers against JN.1, a variant already displaced by mid-2024; yet the targeted epitope was substantially eroded in circulating strains well before clinical deployment. The FDA’s August 2024 imposition of a 90% national susceptibility threshold for pemivibart use implicitly acknowledges this pre-existing vulnerability. We conclude that single-epitope monoclonal antibodies like VYD222 and VYD2311 are inherently fragile against the deterministic forces of SARS-CoV-2 evolution. Prolonged serum exposure enabled by Fc engineering cannot overcome pre-existing binding loss and may instead accelerate escape in immunocompromised hosts. Sustainable pandemic preparedness demands a strategic pivot: away from iterative, reactive optimization of single-target antibodies, and toward multi-epitope cocktails or therapeutics designed using co-evolving residue networks. This study provides a definitive, global evidence base for retiring lineage reactive mAbs in favor of evolutionarily resilient countermeasures.

Abstract: Background: Impact wrenches are widely used in construction and automotive industries, yet they generate harmful vibrations that pose health risks to operators and reduce tool usability. Methods: A practical, low-order bond graph model of impact-wrench dynamics is developed, capturing interactions among the motor, hammer, anvil, and hand/arm constraints. The model is validated against measurements during bolt setting in a steel plate. Results: Predictions match measured RMS accelerations and spectral modes up to 200 Hz with errors within 11%. Analysis attributes the dominant vibration sources to rotational and translational impacts between the hammer and anvil; notably, the translational (z-axis) impact contributes substantially to felt vibration while not being required for bolt tightening. Conclusions: The model provides physical insight into vibration origins and supports actionable design decisions (e.g., eliminating the linear impact, adding rotational damping/control) consistent with ISO 28927-13:2022 testing practice.

Abstract: Mobile Software Engineering has emerged as a distinct subfield, raising questions about the transferability of its research findings to general Software Engineering. This paper addresses the challenge of evaluating the generalizability of mobile-specific research, using Green Computing as a representative case. We propose a systematic method that combines a mapping study to identify potentially overlooked mobile-specific papers with a focused literature review to assess their broader relevance. Applying this approach, we find that several mobile-specific studies offer insights applicable beyond their original context, particularly in areas such as energy efficiency guidelines, measurement, and trade-offs. The results demonstrate that systematic identification and evaluation can reveal valuable contributions for the wider Software Engineering community. The proposed method provides a structured framework for future research to assess the generalizability of findings from specialized domains, fostering greater integration and knowledge transfer across Software Engineering disciplines.

Abstract:

Background. Both primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) and chronic hypoparathyroidism (HypoPT) are associated with the onset and development of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Especially PHPT is accompanied by the presence of elevated atherothrombotic risk, while the importance of traditional and new anthropometric indices to reflect the cardiovascular risk remains uncertain in this condition. This study aims to investigate whether novel and traditional anthropometric indices distinguish PHPT and their correlation with atherothrombotic risk. Methods. 40 Subjects with HypoPT, 40 PHPT and 40 age- and sex-matched control subjects were consecutively enrolled for the evaluation of flow-mediated vasodilation (FMD) and carotid intimal-media thickness (IMT). A blood sample was collected for calcium-phosphate metabolism, PTH, TSH and 25-hydroxy vitamin D evaluation. Physical examination was performed to obtain traditional anthropometric parameters and derived indices of adiposity and cardiometabolic risk (waist height ratio (WHtR) and waist hip ratio (WHR) and conicity index (CI)). Results. The PHPT group showed higher central adiposity indices (WHtR p=0.002, and CI p=0.008). Among patients with parathyroid disorders, PHPT subjects display the highest reduction of FMD (p<0.001) and a marked increase of IMT (p<0.001). In the Ctrl group, WHtR showed a weak-to-moderate positive association with IMT (r=0.381, p=0.018). In the PHPT group, no anthropometric index was significantly correlated with IMT or FMD (all p>0.05). Conclusions. WHtR and CI provide evidence of increased central fat adiposity in PHPT but do not account for impaired atherothrombotic risk, indicating that anthropometric indices may lack relevance to cardiovascular risk in this condition and emphasising the importance of a specific assessment profile.

Abstract: Distributed projects spanning time zones and cultures strain communication, coordination, and control, demanding project management practices that explicitly govern stakeholder alignment, information flow, and decision cadence. This paper synthesizes evidence on how iterative delivery rituals can be embedded within PM governance—linking standups, sprint reviews, and retrospectives to communication plans, risk registers, change control, and visibility dashboards—to raise predictability in global initiatives. A practical framework maps collaboration tooling (e.g., video, messaging, shared wikis) to specific PM objectives, while outlining mitigations for language barriers, cultural divergence, and trust deficits common to dispersed teams. Reported benefits include clearer requirements, faster feedback cycles, improved knowledge sharing, and higher transparency, counterbalanced by recurring risks such as time-zone friction, uneven tool access, and coordination overheads, with checklists provided for PMOs to operationalize at scale. The contribution equips project planners and delivery leads with actionable playbooks to achieve scope, schedule, and quality targets under high uncertainty—without relying on co-location.

Abstract: This paper investigates the structured deployment of a project oversight framework within a small-scale enterprise characterized by low project management maturity and limited resource capacity. Adopting a hybrid operational strategy that blends predictive planning with agile responsiveness, the study documents the customization and implementation of a digital project tracking platform tailored to diverse project environments. Data were gathered through embedded organizational roles, unstructured feedback loops, and direct observation, capturing stakeholder challenges and behavioral resistance during change adoption. The findings reveal critical gaps in formal process uptake, technology assimilation, and leadership alignment. Based on experiential evidence, a revised integration roadmap is proposed, emphasizing incremental adoption, simplification of planning tools, and deeper managerial engagement. This research contributes actionable insights for small enterprises aiming to institutionalize project governance systems aligned with operational realities.

Abstract: Performance based evaluation of reinforced soil retaining structures often relies on numerical analyses that demand substantial time and expert effort, largely due to the complex interactions among soils, reinforcements, facings, and seismic loading. This study introduces an efficient approach for developing seismic resisting capacity curves for geosynthetic reinforced slopes with rigid facings, using a computer program built on the Force Equilibrium based Finite Displacement Method (FFDM). Positioned between conventional, non performance based limit equilibrium methods (LEM) and the more computationally intensive finite element method (FEM), the FFDM offers a practical platform for performance based seismic assessment in engineering design. The method is demonstrated through a re examination of the Tanada Wall, a geosynthetic reinforced soil retaining wall with a full-height rigid panel facing (GRS-FHR) that experienced strong shaking during the 1995 Hyogoken Nambu earthquake (ML = 7.2). Using only parameters available in published databases, the FFDM generates realistic seis-mic resistance curves and directly computes seismic displacements. Three advantages distinguish the FFDM from traditional LEM based Newmark approaches: (1) explicit incorporation of peak soil strength and post peak degradation along the slip surface, eliminating the need for empirical “operational” strength adjustments; (2) direct use of peak ground acceleration (HPGA/g) as input, avoiding reliance on empirically selected seismic coefficients; and (3) capability for back analysis, enabling soil strength and de-formation parameters to be calibrated from small observed displacements (on the order of 10⁻³ m) during medium scale earthquakes and subsequently used to predict structural response under more severe ground shaking.

Abstract:

Research integrity is currently besieged by a surge in synthetic manuscripts. A forensic workflow is operationalized herein to isolate and quantify ``computer-aided'' misconduct within the global scholarly record. A corpus of \( N=3,974 \) retracted DOIs sourced from the Retraction Watch Database was analyzed, with records cross-linked to institutional metadata via the OpenAlex API. Through the application of fractional attribution modeling and the calculation of Shannon entropy (\( H \)) for retraction rationales, a distinct geographic schism in fraud typologies was identified. High-output hubs, specifically China and India, exhibit high reason entropy (\( H > 4.2 \)), where ``Computer-Aided Content'' frequently clusters with established ``Paper Mill'' signatures. These AI-driven retractions exhibit a compressed median Time-to-Retraction (TTR) of \( \sim \)600 days, nearly twice as fast as the \( 1,300 \)+ day latencies observed in the US and Japan---where retractions remain skewed toward complex image and data manipulation. The data suggests that while traditional fraud has not been replaced by generative AI, it has been effectively industrialized. It is concluded that current post-publication filters fail to keep pace with the near-zero marginal cost of synthetic content, necessitating a shift toward provenance-based verification.

Abstract: The role of women in conflict and peacebuilding has been insufficiently explored, despite their substantial contributions. Women’s experiences during conflict frequently strengthen communities in post-conflict settings, where they play a crucial role in mediation, reconciliation, and transitional justice, drawing on their social capital and knowledge of international law. This paper examines the intersection of religion, gender, and development through a case study of Guinea-Bissau, a paradigmatic example within the Lusophone world. It analyses women’s participation in political power from the struggle for independence to the present, highlighting their evolving social and political roles. The family institution, which is central to Guinean society, assigns women significant responsibility and commitment, reinforcing their leadership through long-standing traditional alliances. Using a historical approach complemented by a gender perspective, the study identifies both progress and regression in the country’s development, closely linked to women’s participation in public spaces as an indicator of democratic quality and social advancement. The analysis focuses on four key outcomes: food security; improved access to basic services such as health, education, and nutrition; enhanced resilience of rural communities—particularly women and youth—to climate and socio-economic challenges; and the strengthening of social protection systems. These priorities align with Guinea-Bissau’s implementation of the 2030 Agenda, particularly Sustainable Development Goals 1, 2, 3, and 4, and inform emerging approaches to international cooperation centered on resilience and vulnerability.