Abstract: The transition to a Circular Economy requires assessment tools that capture not only the environmental and economic performance of products, but also their circular design, functionality, and durability. In this study, two types of injection molds for plastic part production are compared: a conventionally manufactured mold and an additively manufactured metal mold produced by Laser Powder Bed Fusion (L-PBF) technology. The comparison integrates Life Cycle Assessment (LCA), Life Cycle Costing (LCC), and a set of Micro-Circularity Indicators, including the Material Circularity Indicator (MCI), Recycling Desirability Index (RDI), Circular Design Guidelines (CDG), Disassembly Effort Index (DEI), Longevity Indicator (LI), and Circular Economy Indicator Prototype (CEIP). Results show that the AM mold exhibits lower environmental impacts across almost all categories, while its slightly higher initial cost is largely offset by reduced indirect costs over the product lifecycle. Micro-circularity indicators reveal that the AM mold achieves higher material circularity and better circular design performance (MCI, CDG, CEIP), but shows only minor improvements in disassembly and recyclability (DEI, RDI) and lower longevity (LI) compared to the conventional mold, indicating potential limitations for remanufacturing and end-of-life recovery. Overall, this study demon-strates that traditional sustainability metrics (LCA and LCC) are insufficient to fully assess product circularity. The integration of micro-circularity indicators provides a comprehensive framework encompassing circular design, repairability, and durability, highlighting the importance of combining LCA, LCC, and circularity metrics to support truly circular design decisions in additive manufacturing.

Abstract: Background: some widely used wildland fire behavior models like FARSITE propagate fire fronts by computing the front-normal velocity (spread rate) as a function of local inputs and the front-normal direction. Such models are sometimes observed to cause the collapse of crown fires into sharp wedge shapes that eliminate heading fire behavior. Aims: we set out to document this phenomenon, and more generally understand the relationships between fire shapes and spread rate functions. Methods: the phenomenon is studied both mathematically and through simulation experiments. Non-smooth fire fronts are theorized mathematically by an Eikonal partial differential equation ($H(x, \tau, D\tau) = 1$), where the unknown $\tau(x)$ is the time-of-arrival function and the Hamiltonian $H(x, t, p)$ is positively homogeneous and possibly non-convex in $p$; convex analysis is used to study viscosity solutions in constant conditions. Results: we show that a fire spread model preserves the smoothness of fire fronts if and only if it is equivalent to using the Huygens principle. Non-trivially, this is equivalent to a convexity criterion on the inverse spread rate profile, which is then the polar dual of the Huygens wavelet; this corresponds to Hamiltonian-Lagrangian duality. The relevance of smoothness-destroying models to crown fire is debated. Exact analytical formulas are derived for fire growth in spatially constant conditions. Conclusions: our understanding of fire spread models is improved by solving the spread equations in more general ways than previously known. In particular, the collapse of heading crown fires into sharp shapes is now explained. Smoothness-destroying spread models cannot be simulated by algorithms based on travel time like cellular automata; their general well-definedness remains an open question. Fire modelers can use these findings to guide their search for improved crown fire models, and more generally to verify the accuracy of numerical implementations.

Abstract: Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent cell death driven by lipid peroxidation and failure of cellular antioxidant defenses. It is triggered by oxidative stress and can be aggravated by aging, inflammation, and dysregulation of iron homeostasis. In the central nervous system, iron dyshomeostasis, mitochondrial dysfunction, and membrane lipid remodeling can amplify oxidative injury and increase susceptibility to ferroptotic damage, particularly in vulnerable neurons. There is growing evidence that ferroptosis-related processes are linked to Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington’s disease, and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. This review addresses novel approaches to track ferroptosis in vivo, such as imaging and biomarker techniques, and important molecular mechanisms linking iron metabolism, reactive oxygen species, and PUFA-driven lipid peroxidation to neuronal damage. We also explore upstream transcriptional control via NRF2, iron chelation and iron-handling modulation, inhibition of lipid peroxidation, and reinforcement of the System Xc-GSH-GPX4 and CoQ10-linked defense pathways. Subsequently, we highlight translational issues that need attention to further progress ferroptosis-targeted therapies for neurodegenerative disease.

Abstract: Artificial intelligence and intelligent algorithmic analysis have become important technical tools for interpreting visual information and modeling human–environment interactions in urban public spaces. As a typical form of visual intervention, public murals and graffiti reshape spatial visual structures, yet their influence on spatial cognition and public behavior has rarely been examined from a computable modeling perspective. This study aims to investigate how visual interventions affect community spatial cognition and public space behavior through quantifiable visual feature modeling.Based on mural and graffiti cases in multiple public spaces in Suzhou, a computational analysis framework is constructed by integrating visual feature encoding, spatial cognition modeling, and behavioral data analysis. Visual attributes such as thematic clarity, compositional order, and color contrast are encoded as feature vectors, while spatial cognition and public behavior are modeled using regression-based analytical methods. A quasi-experimental design with pre- and post-intervention comparisons is adopted, involving 268 participants across residential, campus-adjacent, and transitional public spaces.Experimental results show that structured visual interventions significantly enhance spatial legibility and environmental identification (p < 0.01), while public space usage frequency and behavioral normativity increase by over 20% after intervention. The findings demonstrate that visual interventions can be effectively interpreted and evaluated using computational modeling approaches, providing technical support for intelligent public space design and visual governance.

Abstract: Testicular metabolism can be noninvasively assessed using FDG-PET/CT, which provides insights into physiological and age-related changes. Understanding normal testicular FDG uptake is essential to distinguish between benign variation and pathological findings. In this retrospective study, 80 men (mean age 54.7 years, range 26–79) undergoing PET/CT for lung nodule evaluation were analyzed, excluding individuals with testicular disease, prior surgery, or elevated blood glucose (>180 mg/dL). FDG uptake (SUV_mean) and testicular volume were measured for each testis, and correlations with age, blood glucose, and volume were assessed using standard statistical methods. The mean testicular SUV_mean was 2.62 ± 0.50, showing a significant negative correlation with age and a weak positive correlation with testicular volume. After adjusting for volume, the negative association with age persisted, while no significant relationship with blood glucose was observed. These findings indicate that physiological testicular FDG uptake gradually declines with age, reflecting both metabolic and structural alterations. Recognizing these normal patterns is critical for accurate PET/CT interpretation and reducing the risk of false-positive findings.

Abstract: Background: The infection of the cervical epithelium with high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) accounts for more than 95% of cervical cancer cases. This study aimed to provide epidemiological data and assess the prevalence and genotype distribution of HR-HPV in Bulgaria. Methods: Cervical samples from 190 women were concurrently tested using routine liquid-based cytology (LBC) for 14 HR-HPV genotypes and cytology. HPV detection and genotyping were performed using the clinically validated Alinity m HR-HPV assay. This test provides detailed information on HPV16, HPV18, and HPV45 and categorizes the remaining 11 HR-HPV genotypes into two groups: other HR-HPV A and other HR-HPV groups. Stained LBC samples were reported using the Bethesda System. Results: HR-HPV infection was detected in 16.8% of the women screened, with mean age 38.2 (± 9.8) years. Infection with HPV16 could be seen in 5.3%, HPV18 positive were 2.2% and genotype HPV45 was found in 1.0%. Abnormalities in LBC cytology were observed in 18.9% of women. HR-HPV positivity in normal cytology samples was 5.2% and 63.9% in abnormal smears. Conclusion: Currently, molecular HPV tests are used for cervical cancer screening adjunctively to LBC as a first-line primary cervical cancer screening test for abnormal cell changes in the cervix.

Abstract: The rise of Large Language Models (LLMs) has redefined the landscape of artificial intelligence, with the Transformer architecture serving as the foundational backbone for these breakthroughs. Despite their algorithmic dominance, Transformers impose extreme computational and memory demands that render general-purpose processing elements (PEs), such as standard CPUs and GPUs, increasingly inefficient in terms of power density and throughput. As the industry moves toward domain-specific accelerators, there is a critical need for specialized digital design strategies that address the "Memory Wall" and the quadratic complexity of attention mechanisms. This paper presents a comprehensive tutorial on the most efficient hardware architectures for implementing Transformer components in digital logic. We provide a bottom-up analysis of the hardware realization of Multi-Head Attention (MHA), Feed-Forward Networks (FFN), and non-linear normalization units like Softmax and LayerNorm. Specifically, we explore state-of-the-art implementation techniques, including Systolic Arrays for linear projections, CORDIC and LUT-based approximations for non-linearities, and the emerging SwiGLU gated architectures. Furthermore, we discuss the latest trends in hardware-software co-design, such as the use of FlashAttention-4 and Tensor Memory (TMEM) pathways to minimize on-chip data movement. This tutorial serves as a guide for computer engineers and researchers to bridge the gap between high-level Transformer mathematics and low-level RTL-optimized hardware.

Abstract: Let $A\in\C^{d\times d}$ and let $W(A)$ denote its numerical range. In the convex-domain functional calculus of Delyon--Delyon and Crouzeix, a central role is played by the boundary kernel $P_\Omega(\sigma,A)=\Real\!\bigl(n_\Omega(\sigma)(\sigma\Id-A)^{-1}\bigr)$ on $\partial\Omega$, which is positive definite whenever $W(A)\subset\Omega$.We study the loss of pointwise coercivity as $\Omega\downarrow W(A)$. Along any $C^1$ convex exhaustion $\Omega_\varepsilon\downarrow W(A)$, if boundary data $(\sigma_\varepsilon,n_{\Omega_\varepsilon}(\sigma_\varepsilon))$ converge to a supporting pair $(\sigma_0,n)$ with $\sigma_0\in\partial W(A)\setminus\spec(A)$, then $\lambda_{\min}(P_{\Omega_\varepsilon}(\sigma_\varepsilon,A))\to 0$ and the near-kernel aligns with $(\sigma_0\Id-A)\mathcal M(n)$, where $\mathcal M(n)$ is the maximal eigenspace of $H(n)=\Real(\overline{n}A)$.Quantitatively, the collapse is governed by the support gap $\delta(\sigma,n)=\Real(\overline{n}\,\sigma)-\lambda_{\max}(H(n))$: under a spectral-gap hypothesis for $H(n)$ we obtain a full collapsing eigenvalue cluster with a computable slope spectrum given by an explicit Gram matrix, and show that these slopes are intrinsic after rescaling by $\delta$. This yields a rigorous face detector and explains a mechanism for ill-conditioning in boundary-integral discretizations as $\Omega$ approaches $W(A)$.At spectral support points $\sigma_0\in\spec(A)\cap\partial W(A)$ we obtain a three-scale splitting ($1/\varepsilon$ blow-up, $O(\varepsilon)$ cluster, and $O(1)$ bulk) under non-tangential offsets; for defective eigenvalues, higher-order blow-up related to Jordan structure may occur. In the normal case we give a complete description in terms of the supporting face. Numerical experiments validate the predicted slopes and splittings.

Abstract: Background/Objectives: Cancer therapy–induced alopecia (CTIA) profoundly affects patients’ quality of life. This study conducted a disproportionality analysis of CTIA using the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) database to provide an overview of drug-specific signal distributions by systematically evaluating the impact of reporter type on CTIA signal detection. Methods: FAERS data from January 2004 to September 2024 were analyzed to extract alopecia-related Preferred Terms included under the Medical Dictionary for Regulatory Activities High Level Term “Alopecias.” Reporting odds ratios (RORs) were calculated to assess disproportionality. A primary analysis including all reports and a stratified analysis restricted to reports submitted by healthcare professionals (HCPs) were performed. No individual case-level clinical review was conducted. Results: Approximately 90% of alopecia reports were associated with female patients, and approximately 40% of these reports were linked to breast cancer. In the disproportionality analysis including all reporters, the highest ROR [95% confidence interval (CI)] was observed for docetaxel [58.31 (57.46–59.17)]. In the analysis restricted to HCP reports, the highest ROR was observed for vismodegib [23.92 (21.86–26.17)], whereas that for docetaxel markedly decreased to 3.68 (3.48–3.89). For molecular targeted agents, statistically significant signals were maintained even in the HCP-restricted analysis. Conclusions: Reporter characteristics substantially influence the detection of alopecia signals, with patients amplifying signals reflecting psychological harm and HCPs amplifying signals reflecting pharmacological plausibility. These findings should be interpreted as hypothesis-generating and warrant further validation using prospective or clinical datasets.

Abstract: Organ-on-a-Chip (OOC) technologies, also termed microphysiological systems (MPS), integrate microfluidics, engineered biomaterials, human-derived cells, and on-chip biosensing to model human physiology in microscale devices that deliver quantitative, time-resolved readouts. This review surveys the 2010–2025 literature, emphasizing how sensing, standardized sampling, and analytics enable clinical concordance and fit-for-purpose regulatory use. We synthesize advances in (i) materials, fabrication, and microfluidic design; (ii) organ- and disease-focused case studies; and (iii) translational benchmarks that align chip outputs with clinical pharmacokinetics, toxicology, and biomarker datasets. Across organ systems, platforms increasingly incorporate vascularization, immune components, and organoid hybrids, paired with real-time measurements of barrier integrity, metabolism, electrophysiology, and secreted biomarkers using impedance (TEER), electrochemical, and optical modalities. Representative benchmarking studies report cardiac OOCs achieving AUROC ≥0.85 for torsadogenic risk classification and renal chips improving prediction of transporter-mediated clearance relative to conventional in vitro assays. We summarize validation approaches and regulatory developments relevant to new approach methodologies, including the FDA Modernization Act 2.0, and discuss how AI and multi-omics can automate signal and image analysis, harmonize cross-platform datasets, and support digital-twin workflows that couple OOC measurements to in silico models. Overall, biosensor-enabled OOCs are progressing toward quantitatively benchmarked platforms for safety pharmacology, ADME/PK–PD, and precision medicine.

Abstract: Epilepsy affects more than 50 million individuals worldwide, and approximately one-third of patients remain refractory to existing antiseizure medications. Advances in gene therapy and genome editing have opened new possibilities for disease-modifying interventions that directly target the molecular and circuit-level mechanisms underlying epileptogenesis. Recent progress in central nervous system tropic viral vectors, non-viral delivery systems, and programmable genome-editing technologies has enabled precise manipulation of neuronal and glial function in preclinical epilepsy models. Strategies range from restoration of haploinsufficient genes implicated in monogenic epilepsies, such as SCN1A in Dravet syndrome, to modulation of neuronal excitability through engineered ion channels, neuropeptides, and astrocyte-based approaches. In parallel, CRISPR-derived platforms, including transcriptional activation and repression systems, base editing, and prime editing, offer new avenues for regulating gene expression in post-mitotic neurons without introducing double-strand DNA breaks. Despite these advances, significant translational challenges remain, including efficient and cell-type-specific delivery, long-term safety, and the risk of network-level side effects in the epileptic brain. This review critically examines recent gene therapy and genome-editing approaches for epilepsy, highlights key technological and biological barriers to clinical translation, and discusses emerging strategies that may enable durable and targeted treatments for drug-resistant epilepsies.

Abstract:

Human psychology has been playing major contributory factors in the calibration of human medicine, as it is cognitive perception that has ultimately shaped the trajectory of medical progress. Such perceptive patterns are dependent upon the integrity of emotional and intellectual levels of intelligence, meaning that good emotional states can significantly contribute to shaping medical and scientific progress. Throughout the paper, the topic of the progressive loss of balance in societal perspectives, attitudes and behaviours will be thoroughly assessed, given that such loss of balance often results in a phenomenon known as “throwing the baby out with the bathwater”, in which good values are rooted out with the bad habits infiltrated into emerged branches. For example, the increasing epidemic of loneliness, isolation and deprivation of affection has resulted in the creation of an inaccurate perception upon the importance of solitude and self-reflection due to a generated excessive emotion of craving for human affection, which has often translated into practices of dependency upon social contexts, attachment to mismatching relationships, promiscuity and unhealthy, unexplained abandonment. Such increasing events have created unprecedented frictions within societies, which resulted in the skyrocketed extent of trust issues and isolation among people and consequently, to a steep decline in the average extent of human mental health and emotional wellbeing. Within this context, the manuscript adopts an interdisciplinary research perspective that integrates psychological theory, philosophical reflection, and exploratory social design. The aim is not to prescribe universal solutions but to investigate how symbolic and conceptual models of boundary-based platonic intimacy might contribute to ongoing academic conversations surrounding loneliness, co-regulation, and relational education. Throughout the study, visionary language and urban metaphors are employed as analytical tools through which emerging questions about ethical closeness, social trust, and collective wellbeing may be critically examined rather than asserted as definitive policy frameworks. Moreover, the paper emphasises the foundational role of early upbringing and education in shaping lifelong relational capacity, highlighting the relevance of the “First Seven Years at Home” concept and proposing the gradual inclusion of emotional literacy and platonic relational education within mainstream curricula. Such educational reforms, implemented alongside existing safeguarding policies and respect-based learning frameworks, may help younger generations develop healthy boundaries, empathy and non-romantic forms of connection from early stages of development. Within a rapidly evolving technological landscape increasingly influenced by Artificial Intelligence, strengthening human relational competence may represent a stabilising factor capable of supporting scientific progress while maintaining social cohesion and ethical awareness. Societal frictions have significantly manifested even within biological families, which itself represents a direct factor for the recent increase in the number of people registered as “homeless”. It is therefore evident that loneliness and homelessness represent two opposite ends of the same sequence of events, as homelessness is ultimately dependent upon loneliness and isolation. The initiatives described below are introduced as speculative prototypes intended to stimulate interdisciplinary dialogue rather than immediate societal implementation. By framing workshops, relational housing concepts, and communal environments as research constructs, the manuscript explores how structured platonic interaction might be studied within ethically governed settings. These examples function as imaginative extensions of existing relational theories, allowing the reader to consider how emotional literacy, consent education, and shared environments may intersect with contemporary debates surrounding urban wellbeing and social cohesion. The author will be presenting an extensive set of theoretical and practical solutions against the ongoing and growing problem of the existing frictions within human relationships by encouraging proportional workshops and novel lifestyles aimed at gradually repairing the created damages of human trust, with an emphasis upon distributing existing projects of “mental health first aid”, “cuddle therapy”, “cuddled bed & breakfast”, “artistic expressions aimed at deepening healthy human connection”, consensually “singing lullabies to each other and therapeutically swinging one another to sleep”, as well as other similar practices, even incorporating them into regular housing, which may be regarded as “cuddled renting” or “housing”; as well as workshops in retreat and camping settings, alongside the creation of theoretical and practical courses to help each participating member apprehend the depth of the details covering consent, boundaries, as well as health and safety - offering either low-cost or free courses to members of the general public on creating safe spaces and meaningful, profound and long-lasting connections by widening the availability of such resources in an exponential manner, subsequently reducing the need for significant, localised financial expenditure per initiative and perhaps obtaining funding from specific non-governmental organisations (NGOs), with the overall purpose of ensuring that the UN’s Sustainable Development Goals are met by 2030. Moreover, efforts could also be made to rebuild natural environments in areas where harm has been caused by pollution - given the existence of an interdependent relationship between the integrities of the environment and of life. There could be a gradual evolution from “local cuddled communities” into broad rural and urban areas dedicated to intentional, regular and conscious human connection, potentially perfecting the concept of “Smart Cities” whilst implementing it under real-world conditions. In addition, the manuscript introduces a series of conceptual urban initiatives – including “Urban Wombs”, “Embraced Housing”, “Touch Plazas” and “The Lullaby Revolution” – envisioned as phased, consent-based approaches to addressing loneliness, social fragmentation and housing instability within contemporary megalopolises. These proposals aim to create structured environments where individuals may safely experience platonic greeting, emotional grounding and community belonging without pressure to perform socially. By integrating nature-centred design, volunteer facilitation and gradual implementation strategies, such initiatives are discussed as potential catalysts for rebuilding trust, reinforcing collective resilience and transforming urban environments into spaces of harmony aligned with both psychological wellbeing and environmental sustainability. The symbolic reflections that follow are presented as philosophical and cultural interpretations intended to deepen the discussion of human relationality rather than to serve as empirical claims. References to nature, cosmology, or spiritual imagery are therefore employed as narrative lenses through which the emotional and existential dimensions of connection may be explored. By integrating metaphorical language alongside psychological discourse, the manuscript seeks to acknowledge the historical role of myth, art, and spirituality in shaping collective understandings of intimacy while maintaining a distinction between symbolic insight and scientific validation. It is known that life emerges from the water and that, immediately after the new-born human is separated from the amniotic water after nine months of pregnancy, is united with the mother in a long and profound hug; hence, affection is as important for human survival as water. Normative levels of human affection should be proportional to the levels observed in animals, as all life forms physically emerge from water, bacteria and soil. Ecological restoration is introduced as an important and interconnected part of this study, exploring how re-naturalised urban environments may support both psychological wellbeing and healthier forms of shared life. Green spaces, water features, community gardens, and quieter nature-centred areas are considered not only as environmental improvements but also as places that may help people slow down, feel safer, and reconnect with one another in more respectful and mindful ways. Rather than viewing nature as decoration within cities, the manuscript approaches ecological renewal as a relational setting that can influence emotional atmosphere, social rhythms, and consent-based interaction. By linking environmental regeneration with relational education and boundary-based platonic intimacy, the study invites interdisciplinary reflection on how ecological design and human connection may evolve together within contemporary urban landscapes. Given that Albert Einstein’s Theory of Relativity may apply to human and animal psychology - at the levels of perception and intelligence - it may be important to make differentiations between the speed of animal bonding and the speed of human bonding proportionally with the displayed levels of intelligence and wisdom, given that intelligence may generally be proportional with a perceived speed of time, meaning overall that caution and social selection ultimately occur as significantly in animals as they do in humans, and that boundaries are as essential in animal bonding as they are in human bonding. Scientific evidence indicates that regular practices of “hugging” and “cuddling” are associated with optimised immune systems, lower probabilities to develop various types of illnesses, increased quality and extent of physical, emotional, neuronal and intellectual development during childhood and teenage years, as well as increased duration of life. Overall, platonic intimacy represents the most important, profound and sophisticated form of art that brings all forms of sensorial art into a complete state of “oneness”, reflecting the objective of human existence herself. The objective of extending platonic intimacy to regular life would also implicate the introduction of cuddle-optional safe spaces into settings that include foster care homes, elderly care homes, kindergartens, schools, youth centres, homeless shelters, emergency housing centres and accommodation support networks, centres for suicide prevention, points of mental health crisis alleviation, disability service centres, palliative care centres, hospitals and other medical centres, as well as addiction recovery centres and prisons, with all laws and guidelines on safeguarding children and vulnerable people, respecting personal boundary, informed consent, as well as Health and Safety respected to the letter. It is only when such an importance is theoretically and practically understood, and when numerous people gently and patiently climb through the existing many hierarchies of intimacy that people will successfully find compatibility and thorough fulfilment in their romantic life as well. Taken together, the ideas presented throughout this manuscript are intended to function as an interdisciplinary research framework inviting further scholarly dialogue, pilot studies, and ethically grounded empirical investigation. Rather than asserting definitive social prescriptions, the study seeks to open a conceptual space in which boundary-based platonic intimacy may be explored alongside existing psychological and cultural models of human connection. Future research may therefore examine how these symbolic and theoretical constructs could be translated into carefully governed experimental contexts that prioritise consent, safeguarding, inclusivity, and measurable wellbeing outcomes.

Abstract: The article explains the narcissism leadership paradox in the existing organizations in relation to the rhetoric of ethics used strategically to legitimize the use of control. The loss of trust in leaders and in employees are both practiced in the sense that leaders manifest the disjunction between organizational discourses and reality by instantiating values in superficial ways in what they say and in real ways in what they do. The study relies on three guiding questions: (1) How do narcissistic leaders legitimize themselves by thinking that they are right in the moral sense? (2) What are a few of the stressors related to employees where ethics and practice collide? (3) Does dissonance cause organizational cynicism? Semi-structured interviews with 24 employees working in Higher Education Institutes were used to collect qualitative data to answer the following questions: The similar patterns and their comparison across cases were determined by coding and performing thematic analysis in computer through excel. The outcomes show 3 broad themes. First, the Virtue Costume demonstrates that both virtue signaling and moral language are being offered to fulfill personal interest and acquire power. Second, Branding the Self as the Company causes us to concentrate on how egoistic leaders project their own image as the identity and values of the company. Third, the Contagion of Cynicism explains how employees who become disillusioned, cynical and detached respond when they feel hypocrisy in the words and actions of their leaders. The paper associate’s impression management and moral justification of narcissist leaders with falling trust and calls on authentic leadership and open cultural supervision to restrain cynicism and provide theoretical and practical organizational knowledge. This study’s implications align with Alowais and Suliman (2025), who demonstrated how Leader Dark Triad (LDT) traits can cascade into Employee Dark Triad (EDT) behaviors. By extending this logic, our findings show how narcissistic leaders’ ethical rhetoric similarly shapes organizational climates, reinforcing manipulative dynamics.

Abstract: Background Sugaya type III rotator cuff re-tears are defined by a supraspinatus tendon thickness reduced to 50% or less of normal. These patients often experience prolonged pain and functional impairment. When considering reoperation, the burden of a long-term rehabilitation process and high risk of re-tear poses significant challenges for both patients and surgeons. Bioinductive collagen implants possess a mechanism that promotes the formation of new tendon tissue, holding potential to accelerate recovery and reduce re-tears. However, studies applying this technique in patients with Sugaya type III re-tear have not yet been reported. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical and radiologic outcomes of applying this procedure in patients with Sugaya type III re-tear. Method: This retrospective case series (Level IV) study included 15 patients (mean age 61.7 years) with Sugaya type III re-tears confirmed by MRI. All patients underwent arthroscopic rotator cuff repair combined with biologically induced collagen implant augmentation. Clinical outcomes were assessed at preoperative, 6-month, and 12-month postoperative time points using VAS, ASES, SANE, and WORC scores. Imaging findings were assessed via MRI, measuring supraspinatus thickness, and evaluating joint range of motion (ROM) and implant failure. Thickness measurements were performed twice each by an orthopedic surgeon (15 years' experience) and a radiologist (9 years' experience), with mean values used and intra- and inter-observer reliability (ICC) calculated. Results: The average VAS score decreased significantly from 6.5 ± 1.0 to 2.1 ± 0.8 (p < 0.001), and the ASES score improved from 45.2 ± 8.5 to 78.5 ± 8.9 (p < 0.001). SANE and WORC scores also showed significant improvement from 41.0 ± 12.1 to 81.4 ± 9.8 and from 39.6 ± 10.7 to 83.3 ± 10.1 respectively (p < 0.001). Supraspinatus thickness on MRI recovered from 4.5 ± 2.2 mm to 6.9 ± 2.5 mm (p < 0.001). At the final follow-up, all patients’ recovery of full or near-full range of motion was observed, and no implant failure were observed at either 6-month or 12-month follow-ups (0%). For MRI measurements, the inter-observer ICC was 0.93 (95% CI 0.85–0.97), and the intra-observer ICC ranged from 0.94 to 0.95. This indicates a high level of reliability. Conclusion: This study represents the first application of arthroscopic reattachment combined with bioengineered collagen implant augmentation in patients with Sugaya type III rotator cuff re-tears. Short-term follow-up confirmed significant improvement in pain and function, restoration of tendon thickness, and a 0% graft failure rate. This procedure is considered a useful method for treating patients with Sugaya type III re-tear, minimizing rehabilitation periods and avoiding the risk of re-tear.

Abstract: Gastric cancer (GC) remains a premier global health burden, with its unfavorable prognosis primarily driven by extensive tumor heterogeneity. Traditional bulk omics, while informative, are inherently limited by the averaging effect of diverse cell populations and fail to capture the critical spatial molecular disparities within the tumor and its microenvironment (TME). Single-cell omics can capture cellular heterogeneity but lack spatial context. Therefore, there is an urgent clinical need for spatial multi-omics to provide a high-definition dissection of GC heterogeneity and to optimize therapeutic efficacy. This review first outlines briefly the evolution of spatial technologies, including transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, genomics and epigenomics, and their transformative applications in GC research. We further explore how these platforms refine molecular classification beyond traditional models, identify next-generation biomarkers, and decode the intricate cellular interactions governing immune evasion and metastasis. Next, we highlight the pivotal role of spatial profiling in unravelling the multidimensional mechanisms of resistance to chemotherapy, targeted therapy and immunotherapy. Finally, we address current technical bottlenecks and discuss prospects for clinical translation.

Abstract: Conventional frameworks for assessing national competitive advantage assume that original scientific discovery is the highest-order determinant of national power. This paper challenges that assumption. It proposes the Capability Hierarchy Thesis: de- ployment capacity—the ability to translate ideas into physical reality at speed and scale through rapid iterative cycles—is not parallel to discovery capacity but hier- archically superior, fully subsuming it. This subsumption is complete because the conditions producing theoretical breakthroughs—large educated populations, qual- ity universities, institutional incentives for risk-taking—are themselves deployable. The paper reframes the relationship between imitation and innovation through the concept of principled imitation: independently deriving the principles underly- ing an observed solution and reimplementing based on that understanding. This process requires the same capabilities as original innovation, differing only in in- formation conditions. A nation that imitates rapidly demonstrates deep scientific comprehension; when no external solution exists, the same capabilities produce orig- inal innovation automatically. Drawing on the theoretical foundations of The Entropy Frontier (Shuhao Zhong, [2026]), which redefines national wealth as accumulated human capital, physical systems, and institutional knowledge, this paper develops three contributions: the Capability Hierarchy framework, the National Iteration Capacity Index (NICI), and the Imitation-Innovation Continuum Model. Applied to the U.S.-China com- petition, the framework yields conclusions diverging significantly from conventional assessments.

Abstract: The lack of reference genomes for non-model species hinders our understanding of aluminum (Al) tolerance and accumulation. We present the first high-quality genome assembly of Qualea grandiflora Mart. (Vochysiaceae), an Al-accumulating species endemic to the Brazilian Cerrado. Multi-omics analyses (transcriptomic, proteomic, and metabolomic) reveal that Al is essential for its growth and development. Using a paired-end library and ABySS v2.0, we assembled a genome containing 38,034 annotated genes (63.1% "complete"). Functional annotation via SwissProt/KOG and Blast2GO identified 11 gene families linked to Al response, including ALMT, MATE, ABC, and NRAT1. GO analysis further highlighted enriched processes related to Al metabolism, notably SAM synthetase genes upregulated in roots, which are critical for DNA/RNA methylation and cell wall formation. By establishing Q. grandiflora as a genomic model for native Al hyperaccumulation species, this study provides a foundational resource for researching detoxification and ecological adaptations in metallophytes. The annotated sequence is available via NCBI (BioProject PRJNA786741), supported by leaf transcriptomic data from PRJNA358394.

Abstract: An N(2,2,0)-algebra (abbreviated as NA-algebra) is an algebraic structure equipped with two binary operations, $\ast$ and $\bigtriangleup$, satisfying specific axioms. This paper investigates a special class of NA-algebras where the operation "$\ast $" exhibits nilpotent properties. We study several fundamental concepts within NA-algebras, including ideals, congruence decomposition, congruence kernels, and multiplicative stabilizers. A notion of NA-morphism is introduced, and a corresponding NA-morphism theorem is established. Furthermore, we explore the relationships between NA-algebras and other related logical algebraic structures, such as quantum B-algebras, Q-algebras, CI-algebras, pseudo-BCH-algebras, and RM-algebras. Notably, we prove that any nilpotent NA-algebra forms a quantum B-algebra. These results lay a foundation for further research into the structure and potential applications of NA-algebras.

Abstract: The problem of environmental pollution due to emissions of carbon monoxide, sulfur, or dust is not only ecological, but also economic in nature — losses from environmental degradation impact nearly all aspects of life. Monitoring of positive changes resulting from research and corrective actions seems appropriate in terms of their use and optimization. In this article, the goal is to identify the periodic and seasonal fluctuations in pollutant emissions and their corresponding levels over 10 years. Częstochowa, a medium-sized town in the Silesian Voivodeship of Poland, was used as a research area. It is assumed that the changes – reducing emissions-are the result, among other things, of environmental actions of local governments. The study utilized data from a measurement station located in the city center and employed statistical analysis and econometric modeling to analyze the data. The results show statistically significant differences in weekly and monthly emissions, as well as their constant limitation.

Abstract: The chemical agents, the injection modes and displacement characteristics of chemical compound flooding, consisting of plugging agent, oil displacement agent, and viscosity reducer, were investigated by laboratory experiments for the target heavy oil reservoirs after multiple cycles of huff and puff. The performance of oil displacement agent, viscosity reducer and plugging agent were evaluated and the formulation and concentration were optimized. The oil displacement effects and displacement characteristics of different injection modes were studied by two-pipe models. The experiment results showed that the alternating injection of oil displacement agent and viscosity reducer yielded better results than their mixed injection, and small segments alternating injection achieved the highest recovery, which playing a role in gradual adjustment of the profile and its seepage resistance was greater. The dosage of the plugging agent should be no less than 0.5 pore volume (0.5 PV). There was a balance between the viscosity increase of polymer and the reduction of interfacial tension of viscosity reducer. The larger the dosage of the oil displacement agent, the higher the capacity to expand the swept volume and to adjust the profile enhanced, the larger the maximum liquid production ratio between high and low permeability layer, but the shorter of the liquid production reverse duration. The larger the dosage of the viscosity reducer, the greater the water cut decrease, but the smaller of maximum liquid production ratio. For chemical compound flooding in the Zhong'er block in Gudao oilfield, the recommended injection mode was 0.1 PV plugging agent + 2000mg/L oil displacement agent + 0.5wt% viscosity reducer, with small segments of oil displacement agent followed by viscosity reducer at an injection slug ratio of 6:4, which providing an efficient and economical chemical compound flooding technology solution for field application.