Review
Version 1
Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed
Generation of Retinaldehyde for Retinoic Acid Biosynthesis
Version 1
: Received: 14 December 2019 / Approved: 16 December 2019 / Online: 16 December 2019 (07:18:46 CET)
A peer-reviewed article of this Preprint also exists.
Belyaeva, O.V.; Adams, M.K.; Popov, K.M.; Kedishvili, N.Y. Generation of Retinaldehyde for Retinoic Acid Biosynthesis. Biomolecules 2020, 10, 5. Belyaeva, O.V.; Adams, M.K.; Popov, K.M.; Kedishvili, N.Y. Generation of Retinaldehyde for Retinoic Acid Biosynthesis. Biomolecules 2020, 10, 5.
Abstract
The concentration of all-trans-retinoic acid, the bioactive derivative of vitamin A, is critically important for the optimal performance of numerous physiological processes. Either too little or too much of retinoic acid in developing or adult tissues is equally harmful. All-trans-retinoic acid is produced by the irreversible oxidation of all-trans-retinaldehyde. Thus, the concentration of retinaldehyde as the immediate precursor of retinoic acid has to be tightly controlled. However, the enzymes that produce all-trans-retinaldehyde for retinoic acid biosynthesis and the mechanisms responsible for the control of retinaldehyde levels have not yet been fully defined. The goal of this review is to summarize the current state of knowledge regarding the identities of physiologically relevant retinol dehydrogenases, their enzymatic properties and tissue distribution, and to discuss potential mechanisms for the regulation of the flux from retinol to retinaldehyde.
Keywords
retinoic acid; retinol; retinaldehyde; short-chain dehydrogenase; vitamin a; retinol dehydrogenase; retinaldehyde reductase; embryogenesis
Subject
Biology and Life Sciences, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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