We considered a vacuum polarization around a massive object in the eikonal approximation and found two types of vacuum polarization. The first type has the equation of state similar to radiation and can produce a halo that increases the rotation velocity of a test particle with a radial distance. The second type of vacuum polarization has a more complicated equation of state. As a static physical effect, it produces renormalization of the gravitational constant. Besides, we demonstrate that a nonstationary polarization of the second type caused by a swift increase of the galactic nuclei mass results in a gravitational potential looking like a dark matter halo.