Preprint Review Version 1 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

Beyond Inhibition: A Novel Strategy of Targeting HIV-1 Protease to Eliminate Viral Reservoirs

Version 1 : Received: 23 May 2022 / Approved: 24 May 2022 / Online: 24 May 2022 (03:54:52 CEST)

A peer-reviewed article of this Preprint also exists.

Kim, J.G.; Shan, L. Beyond Inhibition: A Novel Strategy of Targeting HIV-1 Protease to Eliminate Viral Reservoirs. Viruses 2022, 14, 1179. Kim, J.G.; Shan, L. Beyond Inhibition: A Novel Strategy of Targeting HIV-1 Protease to Eliminate Viral Reservoirs. Viruses 2022, 14, 1179.

Abstract

HIV-1 protease (PR) is a viral enzyme that cleaves viral polyprotein precursors to convert them into functional forms, a process essential to generate infectious viral particles. Due to its broad substrate specificity, HIV-1 PR can also cleave certain host cell proteins. Several studies have identified host cell substrates of HIV-1 PR and described the potential impact of their cleavage on HIV-1-infected cells. Of particular interest is the interaction between PR and the caspase recruitment domain-containing protein 8 (CARD8) inflammasome. While PR typically has low levels of intracellular activity prior to viral budding, induction of premature PR activation to trigger CARD8-mediated cell killing may help eliminate latent reservoirs in people living with HIV. In this review, we discuss the viral and host substrates of HIV-1 protease and highlight potential applications and advantages of targeting CARD8 sensing of HIV-1 PR.

Keywords

HIV; protease; CARD8; NNRTI; Inflammasome; Latent reservoir

Subject

Biology and Life Sciences, Virology

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