Version 1
: Received: 2 June 2023 / Approved: 2 June 2023 / Online: 2 June 2023 (10:17:23 CEST)
Version 2
: Received: 2 June 2023 / Approved: 5 June 2023 / Online: 5 June 2023 (05:05:36 CEST)
Sun, Z.; Zhao, J.; Leung, E.; Flandes-Iparraguirre, M.; Vernon, M.; Silberstein, J.; De-Juan-Pardo, E.M.; Jansen, S. Three-Dimensional Bioprinting in Cardiovascular Disease: Current Status and Future Directions. Biomolecules2023, 13, 1180.
Sun, Z.; Zhao, J.; Leung, E.; Flandes-Iparraguirre, M.; Vernon, M.; Silberstein, J.; De-Juan-Pardo, E.M.; Jansen, S. Three-Dimensional Bioprinting in Cardiovascular Disease: Current Status and Future Directions. Biomolecules 2023, 13, 1180.
Sun, Z.; Zhao, J.; Leung, E.; Flandes-Iparraguirre, M.; Vernon, M.; Silberstein, J.; De-Juan-Pardo, E.M.; Jansen, S. Three-Dimensional Bioprinting in Cardiovascular Disease: Current Status and Future Directions. Biomolecules2023, 13, 1180.
Sun, Z.; Zhao, J.; Leung, E.; Flandes-Iparraguirre, M.; Vernon, M.; Silberstein, J.; De-Juan-Pardo, E.M.; Jansen, S. Three-Dimensional Bioprinting in Cardiovascular Disease: Current Status and Future Directions. Biomolecules 2023, 13, 1180.
Abstract
3D printing is playing an important role in cardiovascular disease by use of personalised models with replication of normal anatomy and pathology with high accuracy and reliability. While 3D printed heart and vascular models are shown to improve medical education, preoperative planning and simulation of cardiac procedures, and enhance communication with patients, 3D bioprinting however, represents a potential advancement of 3D printing technology by printing cellular or biological components, functional tissues and organs that can be used in a variety of applications in cardiovascular disease. Recent advances in bioprinting technology have shown the ability to support vascularisation of large scale constructs with enhanced biocompatibility and structural stability, thus creating opportunities to replace damaged tissues or organs. In this review, we provide an overview of the use of 3D bioprinting in cardiovascular disease with a focus on technologies and applications in cardiac tissues, vascular constructs and grafts, heart valves and myocardium. Limitations and future research directions are highlighted.
Keywords
3D bioprinting; cardiovascular disease; cells; tissues; 3D printing
Subject
Medicine and Pharmacology, Cardiac and Cardiovascular Systems
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Commenter: Zhonghua Sun
Commenter's Conflict of Interests: Author