Preprint Article Version 1 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

Senior Drivers’ Body Movement Strategies for Getting in and Out of Cars: A Study by Vehicle Typology

Version 1 : Received: 18 July 2023 / Approved: 18 July 2023 / Online: 19 July 2023 (12:48:06 CEST)

A peer-reviewed article of this Preprint also exists.

Fernandes, S.C.F. Senior Drivers’ Body Movement Strategies for Getting in and out of Cars: A Study by Vehicle Typology. Vehicles 2023, 5, 1505-1531. Fernandes, S.C.F. Senior Drivers’ Body Movement Strategies for Getting in and out of Cars: A Study by Vehicle Typology. Vehicles 2023, 5, 1505-1531.

Abstract

During normal ageing, physical changes take place, namely in terms of the biomechanical, musculoskeletal, and psychomotor systems, that reduce strength, flexibility, motor coordination, balance, and precision of movements. This article analyses the motion behaviour of a sample of 49 senior and pre-senior subjects during the process of entry to (ingress) and exit from (egress) new car models not experienced before, obtained over five days at the Geneva International Motor Show. The methodological process is based on visual studies using photography and video to analyse motion behaviour. This investigation identifies five entry movement strategies and three exit movement strategies in three types of vehicle groups. The movements adopted in the egress of the vehicle were more complex and difficult, in general, than those observed for ingress, requiring greater flexibility, agility/dexterity, and physical strength of subjects, involving more contact or support with vehicle parts. The main factor that influences movement strategies is essentially related to subjects’ levels of physical capacity and previous experiences. In conclusion, there are no significant changes in the subjects’ somatic movement strategies based on vehicle types.

Keywords

ergonomics; senior drivers; ingress; entry; egress; exit; somatic movement; biomechanics of the movement; movement strategies; car design.

Subject

Engineering, Bioengineering

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