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A peer-reviewed article of this preprint also exists.
This version is not peer-reviewed
Submitted:
25 July 2023
Posted:
28 July 2023
You are already at the latest version
Healthcare - associated infections Types | Microorganisms | References |
---|---|---|
CLABSI - Central line-associated bloodstream infection |
Staphylococcus aureus coagulase-negative staphylococci Candida spp. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococci (MRSA) Enterococci, Klebsiella Enterobacter Pseudomonas aeruginosa Escherichia coli, Acinetobacter Candida species |
[47,48,49,50,51,52] |
CVC – Hemodialysis catheter |
Enterobacter cloacae Complex(ECC) Candida parapsilosis Staphylococcus aureus Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). |
[53,54,55] |
Pediatric Ventilator-associated events (PedVAE) |
Candida albicans Staphylococcus epidermidis Pseudomonas aeruginosa Haemophilus infuenzae |
[56,57,58,59,60,61] |
VAP – Ventilator-associated pneumonia |
Pseudomonas aeruginosa Staphylococcus aureus Escherichia coli Enterobacterales |
[62,63,64] |
CAUTI – Catheter-associated urinary tract infection |
Staphylococcus aureus Escherichia coli Proteus mirabilis Klebsiella pneumoniae Pseudomonas aeruginosa Enterococcus faecalis Candida |
[65,66,67,68,69] |
TAVR- Transcatheter aortic valve replacement |
Streptococcus Staphylococcus aureus |
[70,71,72,73,74,75,76] |
Cardiovascular devices |
Staphylococcus aureus Coagulase-negative Staphylococcus Staphylococcus aureus |
[77,78,79,80,81,82,83,84,85] |
Surgical site infection (SSI) |
Escherichia coli Enterobacter spp. Staphylococcus aureus Streptococcus spp. Klebsiella pneumoniae Streptococcus pneumoniae Pseudomonas aeruginosa Enterococcus faecalis Proteus spp. Methicillin-resistance of S. aureus (MRSA) CoNS |
[86,87,88,89,90,91,92,93] |
Prosthetic joint infection (PJI) |
Methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus Staphylococcus aureus Staphylococcus lugdunensis Staphylococcus spp. Pseudomonas aeruginosa Streptococcus gordonii |
[94,95,96,97,98,99,100,101,102,103,104] |
Foodborne pathogen | Food environment processes | Food equipment isolation | Food Product | References |
---|---|---|---|---|
Listeriaspp. | Fine cutting loin | Apron Conveyor belt Loin ripping board |
Meat | [105] |
Packaging film Hooks |
||||
Meat cutting | Saw Conveyor belt |
|||
Drains Floors Freezers Aprons Door handles Taps |
Smoked salmon Raw salmon |
[106] | ||
Knives Mincing machine Deriding machine Bowl cutter Vacuum packaging machine Slicing machine Scales Stainless steel tables Sticks for hanging the products Cutting boards Stainless steel trolley |
Pork, Beef, Chicken, and Sheep meat | [107] | ||
Mushroom | [108] | |||
Iceberg lettuce | [109] | |||
Poultry meat Raw beef |
[110] | |||
Chicken cold cuts | [111] | |||
Cold storage | Pork meat | [112] | ||
3D Food Printing Systems | Food Ink Capsules | [113] | ||
Bulk Tank Milk Milk Filter |
Raw milk | [114] | ||
Fish-processing plants | [115] | |||
Food-service establishments | Enoki mushrooms | [116] | ||
Cutting room | Meat | [117] | ||
Floor Mixing trough Separating machines Cutter Transport belt Mixing machine Dicing machine Knifes |
Saucisse Saucisson Rosette Chorizo |
[118] | ||
Escherichia coli | Sliced cooked cured ham Sliced cooked cured sausage Sliced cooked Meats veal pie and calf liver pâté |
[119] | ||
Refrigerated Storage | Kale | [120] | ||
Fresh Beef | [121] | |||
Countertop Draining board |
Chicken | [122] | ||
Staphylococcusspp. | Milk | [123,124] | ||
Pastries Cereals |
[125] | |||
Quail breast | [126] | |||
Kazak cheese | [127] | |||
Dairy farms | Hand Bulk farm milk Pooled udder milk Milking container Bulk container Teat Overall |
Milk Water for cleaning teat and hands |
[128] | |
Dish cloth hands Refrigerator handle Oven handle Countertop Draining board |
Chicken | [122] | ||
Slaughter hall Cutting room |
Meat | [117] | ||
Dairy staff | The hands Anterior nares |
Raw Milk Minas Frescal cheese Food handlers |
[129] | |
Salmonellaspp. | Chicken Breeds | [130] | ||
Pet food | [131] | |||
Plastic (Tote) Plastic (Bucket elevator) Stainless steel Concrete Rubber (Belt) Rubber (Tire) |
[132] | |||
Domestic Kitchen Surfaces | - | Chicken carcasses | [133] | |
Tomatoes | [134] | |||
Individual production chains | Poultry food Chicken gizzards |
[135] | ||
3D Food Printing Systems | Food Ink Capsules | [113] | ||
Bulk Tank Milk Milk Filter |
Raw milk | [114] | ||
Fresh Beef | [121] | |||
Dish cloth Countertop |
Chicken | [122] |
EPS elements | Role |
---|---|
Polycarbohydrates, Proteins and DNA | Adhesion |
Neutral and charged polycarbohydrates, proteins (such as amyloids and lectins), and DNA | Cohesion |
Polycarbohydrates and proteins | Barrier of defense |
Potentially all the components of EPS* | Source of nutrients |
The hydrophilic polycarbohydrates and eventually proteins. | Water retention |
Extracellular DNA | Genetic information exchange |
Metal | Ligand | Activity | References |
---|---|---|---|
Ru(II) | Based on limonene | Antibacterial Anticancer |
[21] |
Zn(II) Fe(III) |
Monodentate Schiff base | Antifungal Antioxidant Antibacterial |
[227] |
Fe (II) Co(II) Zn(II) Ru (II) |
Azo dye | Enzyme inhibitions Antioxidant |
[228] |
Zn(II) | PhenanthrolineIndomethacin | Anti-Breast Cancer | [229] |
Zn(II) Sn(II) Ce(III) |
Gemifloxacin and Glycine | Antifungal Antioxidant Antibacterial |
[230] |
Cu(II) Ni(II) Co(II) Fe(II) |
bis-pyrazole | Antibacterial Antifungal | [231] |
Co(II) Fe(II) Ni(II) Mn(II) |
N-heterocyclic | Antitumor | [232] |
Ru(II) | triazolopyrimidine in liposomes | Anticancer | [233] |
Pt(II) | cis-diaminodichloro | Anticancer | [234] |
Co(II) Cu(II) Zn(II) |
Diimine– glycinate |
Anticancer | [235] |
Cu(II) Zn(II) |
Bidentate-morpholine based | Antibacterial | [236] |
Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II) Zr(IV) Pd(II) Cd(II) |
combination of Metformin and 1,4-Diacetylbenzene | Antifungal Antibacterial |
[237] |
Cr(III) Fe(III) Cu(II) |
Multi-substituted aryl imidazole | Antibacterial Anticancer |
[238] |
Mn(II), Co(II) Ni(II) Cu(II) Zn(II) Cr(III) |
Moxifloxacin–imidazole | Antifungal Antibacterial |
[239] |
Compound | Composition | Encapsulation's effect | Reference |
---|---|---|---|
Ginger essential oil | Gingerol Curcumene Zingiberene |
Controlling and reducing the emission of terpenes | [247] |
Sacha Inchi Oil (Plukenetia huayllabambana) |
Protecting sacha inchi oil against oxidation | [248] | |
Flaxseed oil | - | Improve the oxidative stability | [249] |
Sichuan pepper essential oil (SPEO) | - | Facing SPEO problems such as poor stability and low water solubility | [250] |
Lycopene (Tetraterpene) | - | Enhancing the stability | [251] |
Gaultheria procumbens L. essential oil (GPEO) | - | Improving the antimicrobial and antiaflatoxigenic activity and the stability | [252] |
Complex {RuCl[(Para-Cymene)][Aminooxime L3]}+Cl– | Ruthenium metal (R)-limonene-based ligand |
Increasing antibacterial activity against biofilms of food-pathogenic bacteria while decreasing the cytotoxicity. | [21] |
Oregano Oil | Thymol Carvacrol | Preserving the majority of antibacterial action and enhancing the stability of oregano essential oils. | [253,254] |
Carvacrol | Overcoming insolubility and increasing antibacterial activity against pathogenic bacterial biofilms while minimizing the amount used | [186] | |
D-Limonene | Preserve and possibly improve the antimicrobial activity in order to evaluate the preservation of the juice against inoculated spoilage micro-organisms | [244] | |
Carvacrol Thymol |
- | Improving antibacterial activity against Salmonella Enteritidis biofilms and reducing ecotoxicity against Daphnia magna | [10,255] |
Peppermint oil (PO) Green Tea oil (GTO) | Enhancing thermal stability, antioxidant and antibacterial activities | [256] | |
Pepsin, Trypsin Carvacrol |
- | protecting enzymes and terpenes and boosting their antibaacterial activities | [257] |
Origanum vulgare | - | Overcoming stability-related restrictions, extending shelf life, and maintaining its antioxidant, antimicrobial, and sensory preserving properties. | [258] |
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