Article
Version 1
Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed
An Update on the Link between COVID-19 Vaccination and Mortality
Version 1
: Received: 18 August 2023 / Approved: 21 August 2023 / Online: 21 August 2023 (08:09:55 CEST)
Version 2 : Received: 25 August 2023 / Approved: 28 August 2023 / Online: 28 August 2023 (09:48:47 CEST)
Version 2 : Received: 25 August 2023 / Approved: 28 August 2023 / Online: 28 August 2023 (09:48:47 CEST)
How to cite: Aarstad, J. An Update on the Link between COVID-19 Vaccination and Mortality. Preprints 2023, 2023081433. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202308.1433.v1 Aarstad, J. An Update on the Link between COVID-19 Vaccination and Mortality. Preprints 2023, 2023081433. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202308.1433.v1
Abstract
This study updates previous research showing that 22 all-cause mortality in 31 European countries increased over time the higher the 21 COVID-19 full vaccination uptake. The update illuminates that a one percentage point increase in 21 full vaccination uptake initially decreased all-cause mortality from Jan to Mar 22 by –0.423 percent (95% CI –0.577, –0.270), but the following 14 months, a one percentage point increase in 21 booster vaccination uptake oppositely increased mortality by 0.366 percent (95% CI 0.250, 0.482). The findings indicate that full vaccination initially prevented mortality, but subsequently, booster vaccination, in particular, detrimentally and consistently induced higher mortality. The effects remained robust when controlling for alternative explanations. Studies have argued that heat waves caused mortality in the 22 summer and energy prices caused mortality in the 22-23 winter. However, the update shows that booster vaccination consistently induced higher mortality when neither heat waves nor energy prices were likely explanations.
Keywords
COVID-19; full vaccination; booster vaccination; all-cause mortality; excess mortality
Subject
Public Health and Healthcare, Public, Environmental and Occupational Health
Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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