Article
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Convergent and Disperse Cyclic Multiverse Model (CDCMM)
Version 1
: Received: 8 September 2023 / Approved: 11 September 2023 / Online: 12 September 2023 (14:31:34 CEST)
Version 2 : Received: 23 October 2023 / Approved: 23 October 2023 / Online: 24 October 2023 (10:59:25 CEST)
Version 2 : Received: 23 October 2023 / Approved: 23 October 2023 / Online: 24 October 2023 (10:59:25 CEST)
How to cite: Fan, C. Convergent and Disperse Cyclic Multiverse Model (CDCMM). Preprints 2023, 2023090784. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202309.0784.v2 Fan, C. Convergent and Disperse Cyclic Multiverse Model (CDCMM). Preprints 2023, 2023090784. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202309.0784.v2
Abstract
In this paper, spacetime is defined as the absolutely invariant homogeneous "coordinate spacetime" frame and its modulation by the relatively variable non-homogeneous "metric spacetime" under its constraints. This modulation is caused by matter and motion, and carries the function of transmitting interactions, reflecting the diffeomorphism invariance and Lorentz invariance. This inhomogeneous spacetime concept makes the medium nature of spacetime more obvious and avoids the problem of "path dependence" caused by the concept of curved spacetime. In this paper, it is argued that all energy-momentum has internal spatio-temporal properties, and all interactions must be transmitted through spacetime metrics. On this basis, a converging and dispersing cyclic multiverse model is proposed. This model of the universe is inevitable as long as there are two macroscopic manifestations of the matter of the universe, namely, gravitation induced convergence and "explosive" dispersion caused by different factors. The new cosmic model matches the observed accelerated "expansion" of the universe and no longer requires the dark energy hypothesis.
Keywords
cyclic universe; spacetime energy-momentum; big bang; dark energy; cosmological constant
Subject
Physical Sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics
Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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Commenter: Chian Fan
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