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Hybrid approach for multiscale and multimodal time-resolved diagnosis of ultrafast processes in materials via tailored synchronization of laser and X-ray sources at MHz repetition rates
Marchenkov, N.; Mareev, E.; Kulikov, A.; Pilyak, F.; Ibragimov, E.; Pisarevskii, Y.; Potemkin, F. Hybrid Approach for Multiscale and Multimodal Time-Resolved Diagnosis of Ultrafast Processes in Materials via Tailored Synchronization of Laser and X-ray Sources at MHz Repetition Rates. Optics2024, 5, 1-10.
Marchenkov, N.; Mareev, E.; Kulikov, A.; Pilyak, F.; Ibragimov, E.; Pisarevskii, Y.; Potemkin, F. Hybrid Approach for Multiscale and Multimodal Time-Resolved Diagnosis of Ultrafast Processes in Materials via Tailored Synchronization of Laser and X-ray Sources at MHz Repetition Rates. Optics 2024, 5, 1-10.
Marchenkov, N.; Mareev, E.; Kulikov, A.; Pilyak, F.; Ibragimov, E.; Pisarevskii, Y.; Potemkin, F. Hybrid Approach for Multiscale and Multimodal Time-Resolved Diagnosis of Ultrafast Processes in Materials via Tailored Synchronization of Laser and X-ray Sources at MHz Repetition Rates. Optics2024, 5, 1-10.
Marchenkov, N.; Mareev, E.; Kulikov, A.; Pilyak, F.; Ibragimov, E.; Pisarevskii, Y.; Potemkin, F. Hybrid Approach for Multiscale and Multimodal Time-Resolved Diagnosis of Ultrafast Processes in Materials via Tailored Synchronization of Laser and X-ray Sources at MHz Repetition Rates. Optics 2024, 5, 1-10.
Abstract
The synchronization of laser and X-ray sources is essential for time-resolved measurements in the study of ultrafast processes, including photo-induced piezo-effect, shock wave generation, and phase transition. On the one hand, the optical diagnostics (by synchronization of two laser sources) provides information about change in vibration frequencies, shock waves dynamics, linear and nonlinear refractive index behavior. On the other hand, the optical pump – X-ray probe diagnostics give opportunity to directly reveal the lattice dynamics. To integrate two approaches into a unified whole one need to create a robust method for synchronization of two systems with different repetition rate up to MHz range. In this paper, we propose a universal approach utilizing a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) to achieve precise synchronization between different MHz sources such as various lasers and synchrotron X-ray sources. This synchronization method offers numerous advantages, such as high flexibility, fast response, and low jitter. Experimental results demonstrate successful synchronization of two different MHz systems with a temporal resolution of 250 ps for these systems. This enables ultrafast measurements with sub-nanosecond resolution, facilitating the uncovering of complex dynamics in ultrafast processes.
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