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A peer-reviewed article of this preprint also exists.
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ALL (50) | PE+PNS+EE (16) | TENS+US+EE (16) | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CATEGORICAL | Frequency | % | Frequency | % | Frequency | % | p | |
Sex | Male | 36 | 72.0 | 19 | 76.0 | 17 | 68.0 | 0.529 |
Female | 14 | 28.0 | 6 | 24.0 | 8 | 32.0 | ||
Hipo-echogenicity | Yes | 43 | 86.0 | 22 | 88.0 | 21 | 84.0 | 0.684 |
No | 7 | 14.0 | 3 | 12.0 | 4 | 16.0 | ||
Thickness | Yes | 47 | 94.0 | 24 | 96.0 | 23 | 92.0 | 0.552 |
No | 3 | 6.0 | 1 | 4.0 | 2 | 8.0 | ||
Hypervascularization | Yes | 47 | 94.0 | 23 | 92.0 | 24 | 96.0 | 0.552 |
No | 3 | 6.0 | 2 | 8.0 | 1 | 4.0 | ||
Affected side | Right | 34 | 68.0 | 16 | 64.0 | 18 | 72.0 | 0.544 |
Left | 16 | 32.0 | 9 | 36.0 | 7 | 28.0 | ||
Dominant hand | Right | 47 | 94.0 | 24 | 96.0 | 23 | 92.0 | 0.552 |
Left | 3 | 6.0 | 1 | 4.0 | 2 | 8.0 | ||
CONTINUOUS | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | p | |
Age | 44.24 | 11.80 | 44.36 | 13.36 | 44.12 | 10.29 | 0.944 | |
Weight | 82.08 | 11.44 | 83.88 | 7.50 | 80.28 | 14.28 | 0.270 | |
Height | 1.74 | 0.07 | 1.74 | 0.07 | 1.74 | 0.07 | 0.752 | |
BMI | 27.17 | 4.10 | 27.66 | 2.81 | 26.68 | 5.09 | 0.402 | |
NPRS | 7.24 | 1.36 | 7.56 | 1.26 | 6.92 | 1.41 | 0.097 | |
DASH | 54.50 | 19.40 | 62.16 | 15.86 | 46.84 | 19.86 | 0.004 | |
% DASH | 45.42 | 16.16 | 51.80 | 13.22 | 39.03 | 16.55 | 0.004 | |
SPADI | 69.32 | 18.75 | 71.24 | 17.50 | 67.40 | 20.09 | 0.475 | |
% SPADI | 53.32 | 14.42 | 54.80 | 13.46 | 51.85 | 15.46 | 0.475 | |
Abduction strength | 8.45 | 1.42 | 8.56 | 1.74 | 8.34 | 1.03 | 0.590 | |
Internal rotation strength | 8.55 | 1.42 | 8.70 | 1.68 | 8.41 | 1.12 | 0.480 | |
External rotation strength | 8.40 | 1.39 | 8.42 | 1.54 | 8.38 | 1.26 | 0.920 | |
Supraspinatus EMS | 168.31 | 89.32 | 162.73 | 104.37 | 173.88 | 73.01 | 0.663 | |
Upper trapezius EMS | 391.98 | 165.12 | 400.94 | 173.91 | 383.02 | 158.92 | 0.705 |
VARIABLE | Post-treatment | 12 weeks follow-up | 24 weeks follow-up | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Frequency | % | Frequency | % | Frequency | % | |||
Hipo-echogenicity | PE+PNS+EE | Yes | 20 | 80.0 | 16 | 64.0 | 9 | 36.0 |
No | 5 | 20.0 | 9 | 36.0 | 16 | 64.0 | ||
TENS+US+EE | Yes | 23 | 92.0 | 22 | 88.0 | 19 | 76.0 | |
No | 2 | 8.0 | 3 | 12.0 | 6 | 24.0 | ||
Thickness | PE+PNS+EE | Yes | 19 | 76.0 | 9 | 36.0 | 3 | 12.0 |
No | 6 | 24.0 | 16 | 64.0 | 22 | 88.0 | ||
TENS+US+EE | No | 23 | 92.0 | 21 | 84.0 | 16 | 64.0 | |
No | 2 | 8.0 | 4 | 16.0 | 9 | 36.0 | ||
Hypervascularization | PE+PNS+EE | Yes | 13 | 52.0 | 8 | 32.0 | 2 | 8.0 |
No | 12 | 48.0 | 17 | 68.0 | 23 | 92.0 | ||
TENS+US+EE | Yes | 23 | 92.0 | 20 | 80.0 | 14 | 56.0 | |
No | 2 | 8.0 | 5 | 20.0 | 11 | 44.0 |
VARIABLE | F | p | η2 | POTENCIA |
---|---|---|---|---|
NPRS | 17.684** | 0.000 | 0.536 | 1.000 |
DASH | 22.962** | 0.000 | 0.600 | 1.000 |
% DASH | 22.962** | 0.000 | 0.600 | 1.000 |
SPADI | 21.328** | 0.000 | 0.582 | 1.000 |
% SPADI | 21.328** | 0.000 | 0.582 | 1.000 |
Abduction strength | 6.086* | 0.001 | 0.284 | 0.945 |
Internal rotation strength | 3.754* | 0.017 | 0.197 | 0.777 |
External rotation strength | 8.340** | 0.000 | 0.352 | 0.988 |
Supraspinatus EMS | 17.443** | 0.000 | 0.532 | 1.000 |
Upper trapezius EMS | 5.703* | 0.002 | 0.271 | 0.929 |
Post-treatment | 12 weeks follow-up | 24 weeks follow-up | ||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
VARIABLE | Within-Group Change Score |
Between-Groups Change Score | Effect Size |
Within-Group Change Score | Between-Groups Change Score | Effect Size | Within-Group Change Score | Between-Groups Change Score | Effect Size | |||||||
Mean dif. |
p | Mean dif. |
p | d | Mean dif. |
p | Mean dif. |
p | d | Mean dif. |
p | Mean dif. |
p | d | ||
NPRS | PE+PNS+EE | -5.48 | 0.000** | -2.96 | 0.000** | 1.527 | -6.22 | 0.000** | -2.74 | 0.000** | -1.39 | -6.60 | 0.000** | -3.08 | 0.000** | -1.857 |
TENS+US+EE | -2.52 | 0.000** | -3.48 | 0.000** | -3.52 | 0.000** | ||||||||||
DASH | PE+PNS+EE | -48.16 | 0.000** | -33.16 | 0.000** | 2.117 | -55.12 | 0.000** | -36.56 | 0.000** | -2.358 | -57.20 | 0.000** | -37.44 | 0.000** | -2.374 |
TENS+US+EE | -15.00 | 0.000** | -18.56 | 0.000** | -19.76 | 0.000** | ||||||||||
% DASH | PE+PNS+EE | -40.13 | 0.000** | -27.63 | 0.000** | 2.116 | -45.93 | 0.000** | -30.47 | 0.000** | -2.357 | -47.67 | 0.000** | -31.20 | 0.000** | -2.348 |
TENS+US+EE | -12.50 | 0.000** | -15.47 | 0.000** | -16.47 | 0.000** | ||||||||||
SPADI | PE+PNS+EE | -52.84 | 0.000** | -30.96 | 0.000** | 2.016 | -61.04 | 0.000** | -33.64 | 0.000** | -2.02 | -63.96 | 0.000** | -35.36 | 0.000** | -2.133 |
TENS+US+EE | -21.88 | 0.000** | -27.40 | 0.000** | -28.60 | 0.000** | ||||||||||
% SPADI | PE+PNS+EE | 40.65 | 0.000** | -23.82 | 0.000** | 2.016 | -46.95 | 0.000** | -25.88 | 0.000** | -2.02 | -49.20 | 0.000** | -27.20 | 0.000** | -2.132 |
TENS+US+EE | 16.83 | 0.000** | -21.08 | 0.000** | -22.00 | 0.000** | ||||||||||
Abduction strength | PE+PNS+EE | 1.42 | 0.000** | 0.74 | 0.000** | 1.132 | 1.81 | 0.000** | 0.83 | 0.000** | 1.169 | 2.18 | 0.000** | 1.10 | 0.000** | 1.178 |
TENS+US+EE | 0.68 | 0.000** | 0.98 | 0.000** | 1.09 | 0.000** | ||||||||||
Internal rotation strength | PE+PNS+EE | 1.10 | 0.000** | 0.32 | 0.030* | 0.637 | 1.60 | 0.000** | 0.56 | 0.002** | 0.911 | 1.82 | 0.000** | 0.66 | 0.004** | 0.868 |
TENS+US+EE | 0.78 | 0.000** | 1.04 | 0.000** | 1.16 | 0.000** | ||||||||||
External rotation strength | PE+PNS+EE | 1.40 | 0.000** | 0.58 | 0.000** | 1.065 | 1.87 | 0.000** | 0.81 | 0.000** | 1.193 | 2.22 | 0.000** | 1.02 | 0.000** | 1.408 |
TENS+US+EE | 0.82 | 0.000** | 1.06 | 0.000** | 1.20 | 0.000** | ||||||||||
Supraspinatus EMS | PE+PNS+EE | 85.36 | 0.000** | 67.82 | 0.000** | 1.890 | 127.57 | 0.000** | 96.16 | 0.000** | 1.958 | 155.67 | 0.000** | 122.21 | 0.000** | 1.881 |
TENS+US+EE | 17.54 | 0.000** | 31.40 | 0.000** | 33.46 | 0.000** | ||||||||||
Upper trapezius EMS |
PE+PNS+EE | -136.96 | 0.000** | -71.05 | 0.016* | 0.710 | -167.15 | 0.000** | -95.92 | 0.003** | -0.883 | 155.67 | 0.000** | -78.50 | 0.015* | -1.719 |
TENS+US+EE | -65.91 | 0.000** | -71.23 | 0.000** | -88.81 | 0.000** |
Disclaimer/Publisher’s Note: The statements, opinions and data contained in all publications are solely those of the individual author(s) and contributor(s) and not of MDPI and/or the editor(s). MDPI and/or the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to people or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content. |
supplementary.pdf (81.89KB )
Submitted:
06 March 2024
Posted:
07 March 2024
You are already at the latest version
A peer-reviewed article of this preprint also exists.
supplementary.pdf (81.89KB )
This version is not peer-reviewed
Submitted:
06 March 2024
Posted:
07 March 2024
You are already at the latest version
ALL (50) | PE+PNS+EE (16) | TENS+US+EE (16) | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CATEGORICAL | Frequency | % | Frequency | % | Frequency | % | p | |
Sex | Male | 36 | 72.0 | 19 | 76.0 | 17 | 68.0 | 0.529 |
Female | 14 | 28.0 | 6 | 24.0 | 8 | 32.0 | ||
Hipo-echogenicity | Yes | 43 | 86.0 | 22 | 88.0 | 21 | 84.0 | 0.684 |
No | 7 | 14.0 | 3 | 12.0 | 4 | 16.0 | ||
Thickness | Yes | 47 | 94.0 | 24 | 96.0 | 23 | 92.0 | 0.552 |
No | 3 | 6.0 | 1 | 4.0 | 2 | 8.0 | ||
Hypervascularization | Yes | 47 | 94.0 | 23 | 92.0 | 24 | 96.0 | 0.552 |
No | 3 | 6.0 | 2 | 8.0 | 1 | 4.0 | ||
Affected side | Right | 34 | 68.0 | 16 | 64.0 | 18 | 72.0 | 0.544 |
Left | 16 | 32.0 | 9 | 36.0 | 7 | 28.0 | ||
Dominant hand | Right | 47 | 94.0 | 24 | 96.0 | 23 | 92.0 | 0.552 |
Left | 3 | 6.0 | 1 | 4.0 | 2 | 8.0 | ||
CONTINUOUS | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | p | |
Age | 44.24 | 11.80 | 44.36 | 13.36 | 44.12 | 10.29 | 0.944 | |
Weight | 82.08 | 11.44 | 83.88 | 7.50 | 80.28 | 14.28 | 0.270 | |
Height | 1.74 | 0.07 | 1.74 | 0.07 | 1.74 | 0.07 | 0.752 | |
BMI | 27.17 | 4.10 | 27.66 | 2.81 | 26.68 | 5.09 | 0.402 | |
NPRS | 7.24 | 1.36 | 7.56 | 1.26 | 6.92 | 1.41 | 0.097 | |
DASH | 54.50 | 19.40 | 62.16 | 15.86 | 46.84 | 19.86 | 0.004 | |
% DASH | 45.42 | 16.16 | 51.80 | 13.22 | 39.03 | 16.55 | 0.004 | |
SPADI | 69.32 | 18.75 | 71.24 | 17.50 | 67.40 | 20.09 | 0.475 | |
% SPADI | 53.32 | 14.42 | 54.80 | 13.46 | 51.85 | 15.46 | 0.475 | |
Abduction strength | 8.45 | 1.42 | 8.56 | 1.74 | 8.34 | 1.03 | 0.590 | |
Internal rotation strength | 8.55 | 1.42 | 8.70 | 1.68 | 8.41 | 1.12 | 0.480 | |
External rotation strength | 8.40 | 1.39 | 8.42 | 1.54 | 8.38 | 1.26 | 0.920 | |
Supraspinatus EMS | 168.31 | 89.32 | 162.73 | 104.37 | 173.88 | 73.01 | 0.663 | |
Upper trapezius EMS | 391.98 | 165.12 | 400.94 | 173.91 | 383.02 | 158.92 | 0.705 |
VARIABLE | Post-treatment | 12 weeks follow-up | 24 weeks follow-up | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Frequency | % | Frequency | % | Frequency | % | |||
Hipo-echogenicity | PE+PNS+EE | Yes | 20 | 80.0 | 16 | 64.0 | 9 | 36.0 |
No | 5 | 20.0 | 9 | 36.0 | 16 | 64.0 | ||
TENS+US+EE | Yes | 23 | 92.0 | 22 | 88.0 | 19 | 76.0 | |
No | 2 | 8.0 | 3 | 12.0 | 6 | 24.0 | ||
Thickness | PE+PNS+EE | Yes | 19 | 76.0 | 9 | 36.0 | 3 | 12.0 |
No | 6 | 24.0 | 16 | 64.0 | 22 | 88.0 | ||
TENS+US+EE | No | 23 | 92.0 | 21 | 84.0 | 16 | 64.0 | |
No | 2 | 8.0 | 4 | 16.0 | 9 | 36.0 | ||
Hypervascularization | PE+PNS+EE | Yes | 13 | 52.0 | 8 | 32.0 | 2 | 8.0 |
No | 12 | 48.0 | 17 | 68.0 | 23 | 92.0 | ||
TENS+US+EE | Yes | 23 | 92.0 | 20 | 80.0 | 14 | 56.0 | |
No | 2 | 8.0 | 5 | 20.0 | 11 | 44.0 |
VARIABLE | F | p | η2 | POTENCIA |
---|---|---|---|---|
NPRS | 17.684** | 0.000 | 0.536 | 1.000 |
DASH | 22.962** | 0.000 | 0.600 | 1.000 |
% DASH | 22.962** | 0.000 | 0.600 | 1.000 |
SPADI | 21.328** | 0.000 | 0.582 | 1.000 |
% SPADI | 21.328** | 0.000 | 0.582 | 1.000 |
Abduction strength | 6.086* | 0.001 | 0.284 | 0.945 |
Internal rotation strength | 3.754* | 0.017 | 0.197 | 0.777 |
External rotation strength | 8.340** | 0.000 | 0.352 | 0.988 |
Supraspinatus EMS | 17.443** | 0.000 | 0.532 | 1.000 |
Upper trapezius EMS | 5.703* | 0.002 | 0.271 | 0.929 |
Post-treatment | 12 weeks follow-up | 24 weeks follow-up | ||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
VARIABLE | Within-Group Change Score |
Between-Groups Change Score | Effect Size |
Within-Group Change Score | Between-Groups Change Score | Effect Size | Within-Group Change Score | Between-Groups Change Score | Effect Size | |||||||
Mean dif. |
p | Mean dif. |
p | d | Mean dif. |
p | Mean dif. |
p | d | Mean dif. |
p | Mean dif. |
p | d | ||
NPRS | PE+PNS+EE | -5.48 | 0.000** | -2.96 | 0.000** | 1.527 | -6.22 | 0.000** | -2.74 | 0.000** | -1.39 | -6.60 | 0.000** | -3.08 | 0.000** | -1.857 |
TENS+US+EE | -2.52 | 0.000** | -3.48 | 0.000** | -3.52 | 0.000** | ||||||||||
DASH | PE+PNS+EE | -48.16 | 0.000** | -33.16 | 0.000** | 2.117 | -55.12 | 0.000** | -36.56 | 0.000** | -2.358 | -57.20 | 0.000** | -37.44 | 0.000** | -2.374 |
TENS+US+EE | -15.00 | 0.000** | -18.56 | 0.000** | -19.76 | 0.000** | ||||||||||
% DASH | PE+PNS+EE | -40.13 | 0.000** | -27.63 | 0.000** | 2.116 | -45.93 | 0.000** | -30.47 | 0.000** | -2.357 | -47.67 | 0.000** | -31.20 | 0.000** | -2.348 |
TENS+US+EE | -12.50 | 0.000** | -15.47 | 0.000** | -16.47 | 0.000** | ||||||||||
SPADI | PE+PNS+EE | -52.84 | 0.000** | -30.96 | 0.000** | 2.016 | -61.04 | 0.000** | -33.64 | 0.000** | -2.02 | -63.96 | 0.000** | -35.36 | 0.000** | -2.133 |
TENS+US+EE | -21.88 | 0.000** | -27.40 | 0.000** | -28.60 | 0.000** | ||||||||||
% SPADI | PE+PNS+EE | 40.65 | 0.000** | -23.82 | 0.000** | 2.016 | -46.95 | 0.000** | -25.88 | 0.000** | -2.02 | -49.20 | 0.000** | -27.20 | 0.000** | -2.132 |
TENS+US+EE | 16.83 | 0.000** | -21.08 | 0.000** | -22.00 | 0.000** | ||||||||||
Abduction strength | PE+PNS+EE | 1.42 | 0.000** | 0.74 | 0.000** | 1.132 | 1.81 | 0.000** | 0.83 | 0.000** | 1.169 | 2.18 | 0.000** | 1.10 | 0.000** | 1.178 |
TENS+US+EE | 0.68 | 0.000** | 0.98 | 0.000** | 1.09 | 0.000** | ||||||||||
Internal rotation strength | PE+PNS+EE | 1.10 | 0.000** | 0.32 | 0.030* | 0.637 | 1.60 | 0.000** | 0.56 | 0.002** | 0.911 | 1.82 | 0.000** | 0.66 | 0.004** | 0.868 |
TENS+US+EE | 0.78 | 0.000** | 1.04 | 0.000** | 1.16 | 0.000** | ||||||||||
External rotation strength | PE+PNS+EE | 1.40 | 0.000** | 0.58 | 0.000** | 1.065 | 1.87 | 0.000** | 0.81 | 0.000** | 1.193 | 2.22 | 0.000** | 1.02 | 0.000** | 1.408 |
TENS+US+EE | 0.82 | 0.000** | 1.06 | 0.000** | 1.20 | 0.000** | ||||||||||
Supraspinatus EMS | PE+PNS+EE | 85.36 | 0.000** | 67.82 | 0.000** | 1.890 | 127.57 | 0.000** | 96.16 | 0.000** | 1.958 | 155.67 | 0.000** | 122.21 | 0.000** | 1.881 |
TENS+US+EE | 17.54 | 0.000** | 31.40 | 0.000** | 33.46 | 0.000** | ||||||||||
Upper trapezius EMS |
PE+PNS+EE | -136.96 | 0.000** | -71.05 | 0.016* | 0.710 | -167.15 | 0.000** | -95.92 | 0.003** | -0.883 | 155.67 | 0.000** | -78.50 | 0.015* | -1.719 |
TENS+US+EE | -65.91 | 0.000** | -71.23 | 0.000** | -88.81 | 0.000** |
Disclaimer/Publisher’s Note: The statements, opinions and data contained in all publications are solely those of the individual author(s) and contributor(s) and not of MDPI and/or the editor(s). MDPI and/or the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to people or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content. |
Manuel Rodríguez-Huguet
et al.
JCM,
2020
© 2024 MDPI (Basel, Switzerland) unless otherwise stated