PreprintArticleVersion 1Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed
The Association between Autism Spectrum Disorder and Precocious Puberty: Considering the Effect Modification by Sex and the Neuropsychiatric Comorbidities
Version 1
: Received: 3 May 2024 / Approved: 7 May 2024 / Online: 7 May 2024 (08:17:35 CEST)
How to cite:
Liu, Y.-C.; Liao, Y.-T.; Wen, M.-H.; Chen, V. C.-H.; Chen, Y.-L. The Association between Autism Spectrum Disorder and Precocious Puberty: Considering the Effect Modification by Sex and the Neuropsychiatric Comorbidities. Preprints2024, 2024050346. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202405.0346.v1
Liu, Y.-C.; Liao, Y.-T.; Wen, M.-H.; Chen, V. C.-H.; Chen, Y.-L. The Association between Autism Spectrum Disorder and Precocious Puberty: Considering the Effect Modification by Sex and the Neuropsychiatric Comorbidities. Preprints 2024, 2024050346. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202405.0346.v1
Liu, Y.-C.; Liao, Y.-T.; Wen, M.-H.; Chen, V. C.-H.; Chen, Y.-L. The Association between Autism Spectrum Disorder and Precocious Puberty: Considering the Effect Modification by Sex and the Neuropsychiatric Comorbidities. Preprints2024, 2024050346. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202405.0346.v1
APA Style
Liu, Y. C., Liao, Y. T., Wen, M. H., Chen, V. C. H., & Chen, Y. L. (2024). The Association between Autism Spectrum Disorder and Precocious Puberty: Considering the Effect Modification by Sex and the Neuropsychiatric Comorbidities. Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202405.0346.v1
Chicago/Turabian Style
Liu, Y., Vincent Chin-Hung Chen and Yi-Lung Chen. 2024 "The Association between Autism Spectrum Disorder and Precocious Puberty: Considering the Effect Modification by Sex and the Neuropsychiatric Comorbidities" Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202405.0346.v1
Abstract
Limited knowledge is available about the association between autistic spectrum disorder (ASD) and precocious puberty. Our study examined the association between the two medical conditions, and the effect modification by sex and neuropsychiatric comorbidities in a nationwide population. To compare the risk of precocious puberty between ASD and non-ASD cases, we conducted Cox regression analysis, using ASD as exposure and time-to-precocious puberty as outcome. We adjusted for sex, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), tics disorder, obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD), anxiety disorder, intellectual disability, and epilepsy. We performed a moderation analysis to examine the potential moderating effects by sex or comorbidities. Patients with ASD were prone to have precocious puberty, with an adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) of 1.80 (95% CI: 1.61-2.01). For the effect modification, sex, specifically females, moderated the association between ASD and precocious puberty, with relative excess risk due to interaction (RERI) 7.35 (95% CI 4.90-9.80). No significant effect modification was found for any of the comorbidities within the scope of additive effect modification. We found that patients with ASD were prone to precocious puberty, regardless of sex or comorbid neuropsychiatric disorders. Girls with ASD are at particularly higher risk to develop precocious puberty.
Keywords
autistic spectrum disorder; precocious puberty; effect modification; relative excess risk due to interaction (RERI)
Subject
Medicine and Pharmacology, Psychiatry and Mental Health
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
