Vicenti, C.; Romagnoli, N.; Stabile, M.; Lambertini, C.; Piemontese, C.; Spaccini, F.; Foglia, A.; Lacitignola, L.; Crovace, A.; Staffieri, F. The Pleth Variability Index as a Guide to Fluid Therapy in Dogs Undergoing General Anesthesia: A Preliminary Study. Vet. Sci.2024, 11, 396.
Vicenti, C.; Romagnoli, N.; Stabile, M.; Lambertini, C.; Piemontese, C.; Spaccini, F.; Foglia, A.; Lacitignola, L.; Crovace, A.; Staffieri, F. The Pleth Variability Index as a Guide to Fluid Therapy in Dogs Undergoing General Anesthesia: A Preliminary Study. Vet. Sci. 2024, 11, 396.
Vicenti, C.; Romagnoli, N.; Stabile, M.; Lambertini, C.; Piemontese, C.; Spaccini, F.; Foglia, A.; Lacitignola, L.; Crovace, A.; Staffieri, F. The Pleth Variability Index as a Guide to Fluid Therapy in Dogs Undergoing General Anesthesia: A Preliminary Study. Vet. Sci.2024, 11, 396.
Vicenti, C.; Romagnoli, N.; Stabile, M.; Lambertini, C.; Piemontese, C.; Spaccini, F.; Foglia, A.; Lacitignola, L.; Crovace, A.; Staffieri, F. The Pleth Variability Index as a Guide to Fluid Therapy in Dogs Undergoing General Anesthesia: A Preliminary Study. Vet. Sci. 2024, 11, 396.
Abstract
The aim of this prospective, randomized, clinical study was to evaluate the use of the pleth variability index (PVi) to guide the rate of intra-operative fluid therapy as compared with a traditional fixed fluid rate approach in ASA 1-2 dogs undergoing surgery. Twenty-seven dogs meet the inclusion criteria and were randomly assigned to conventional fluid management group (CFM, n = 12) or PVi-guided group (PVi, n = 15). The CFM group received a fixed rate of 5 ml kg-1 h-1 of crystalloid solution, while in the PVi group the rate was continuously adjusted based on PVi: PVi < 14% = 3 ml kg-1 h-1; 14% ≤ PVi ≥ 20% = ml kg-1 h-1; PVi > 20% = 15 ml kg-1 h-1. Hypotension (MAP < 65 mmHg) was managed in CFM with maximum two fluid boluses (5 ml kg-1 in 10 minutes) and in case of no response dobutamine (1-3 mcg kg-1 min-1) was administered. In the PVi group treatment of hypotension was similar except when PVi > 14% when dobutamine was directly initiated. The total fluid amount was significantly lower in PVI group (0.056 ± 0.027 ml kg-1 min-1) vs. CFM group (0.132 ± 0.115 ml kg-1 min-1), and hypotension incidence was lower (p = 0.023) in PVi group (0%) vs. CFM group (41%). Mean arterial pressure (MAP) was significantly higher during surgery in the PVi group. Dobutamine was never administered in both groups. Preliminary data suggest that PVi may be considered a potential target to guide fluid therapy in dogs; larger studies are needed, especially in cases of cardiovascular instability.
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