PreprintArticleVersion 1Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed
Emulsion stability controlled by anionic nonionic and zwitterionic surfactants and its mechanism of EOR in high temperature, high salt and low permeability reservoirs
Version 1
: Received: 27 June 2024 / Approved: 27 June 2024 / Online: 27 June 2024 (13:53:37 CEST)
How to cite:
Du, X.; Li, G.; Zhu, X.; Huang, B.; Yang, H.; Wang, X.; Jiao, Y.; Wang, K.; Fu, C. Emulsion stability controlled by anionic nonionic and zwitterionic surfactants and its mechanism of EOR in high temperature, high salt and low permeability reservoirs. Preprints2024, 2024061942. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202406.1942.v1
Du, X.; Li, G.; Zhu, X.; Huang, B.; Yang, H.; Wang, X.; Jiao, Y.; Wang, K.; Fu, C. Emulsion stability controlled by anionic nonionic and zwitterionic surfactants and its mechanism of EOR in high temperature, high salt and low permeability reservoirs. Preprints 2024, 2024061942. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202406.1942.v1
Du, X.; Li, G.; Zhu, X.; Huang, B.; Yang, H.; Wang, X.; Jiao, Y.; Wang, K.; Fu, C. Emulsion stability controlled by anionic nonionic and zwitterionic surfactants and its mechanism of EOR in high temperature, high salt and low permeability reservoirs. Preprints2024, 2024061942. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202406.1942.v1
APA Style
Du, X., Li, G., Zhu, X., Huang, B., Yang, H., Wang, X., Jiao, Y., Wang, K., & Fu, C. (2024). Emulsion stability controlled by anionic nonionic and zwitterionic surfactants and its mechanism of EOR in high temperature, high salt and low permeability reservoirs. Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202406.1942.v1
Chicago/Turabian Style
Du, X., Keliang Wang and Cheng Fu. 2024 "Emulsion stability controlled by anionic nonionic and zwitterionic surfactants and its mechanism of EOR in high temperature, high salt and low permeability reservoirs" Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202406.1942.v1
Abstract
This study aims to investigate the interfacial tension, emulsion stability, and the impact on oil displacement effectiveness of mixed systems containing nonionic surfactants and amphoteric surfactants at different ratios. To achieve this, three different emulsion stability formulations were prepared by mixing betaine and nonionic surfactants in ratios of 1:1, 3:2, and 3:1 respectively. By adjusting the proportions of betaine and nonionic surfactants, variations in interfacial tension and emulsion formation among the three mixed systems were studied to analyze the mechanism of interaction between betaine and nonionic surfactants and evaluate their effects on crude oil displacement and enhanced oil recovery in reservoirs. Subsequently, microscopic and macroscopic oil displacement experiments were conducted on the three mixed systems, along with experiments on emulsion flow resistance. The aim was to verify the oil displacement effectiveness of different mixed systems and further understand their potential applications in reservoirs. By comprehensively analyzing the experimental results, optimal ratios and conditions for the mixed systems were determined. The experimental results indicate that the emulsification system formed by mixing betaine and nonionic surfactants at a ratio of 3:1 achieves molecular synergies through electrostatic interactions and mixed adsorption with betaine, resulting in a compact arrangement of interface membranes and demonstrating a synergistic effect in reducing interfacial tension to an ultra-low value of 10 -4 mN/m. Additionally, as the proportion of betaine surfactant increases, the viscosity of the aqueous phase liquid film increases, the rate of thinning of the liquid film slows down, the rate of water release slows down, and the stability of the emulsion increases. Microscopic oil displacement experiments verified that the three mixed systems increase oil washing efficiency through low interfacial tension and emulsification stripping action, thereby increasing the oil displacement mechanism's coefficient. Emulsion flow resistance experiments demonstrated that as the proportion of betaine surfactant increases, the system exhibits better plugging ability. However, macroscopic oil displacement experiments revealed differences in compatibility between different emulsion stability solutions and rocks with different permeabilities. The mixed system of betaine and nonionic surfactants at a ratio of 3:1 exhibits the best emulsification plugging ability in rocks with a permeability of 109mD, while the 1:1 mixed system performs best in rocks with a permeability of 12mD. This holds significant theoretical and practical significance for reservoir development and enhanced production.
Chemistry and Materials Science, Applied Chemistry
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
