Preprint Article Version 1 This version is not peer-reviewed

Seroprevalence of Anti-SARS-CoV-2, IgM and IgG, and COVID-19 Vaccine Uptake in Nairobi, Kenya: A Cross-Sectional Study

Agnes Muhonja Otindo
,
Eric M Ndombi
* ,
Martin Theuri
,
Margaret Muturi
,
Peris Thamaini
,
James Ogutu
,
Lister Onsongo
,
June K. Madete
,
Victor Ofula
,
Samuel Gitau
,
Gladys Mwangi
,
Paul Okemo
Version 1 : Received: 23 July 2024 / Approved: 23 July 2024 / Online: 23 July 2024 (18:02:37 CEST)

How to cite: Otindo, A. M.; Ndombi, E. M.; Theuri, M.; Muturi, M.; Thamaini, P.; Ogutu, J.; Onsongo, L.; Madete, J. K.; Ofula, V.; Gitau, S.; Mwangi, G.; Okemo, P. Seroprevalence of Anti-SARS-CoV-2, IgM and IgG, and COVID-19 Vaccine Uptake in Nairobi, Kenya: A Cross-Sectional Study. Preprints 2024, 2024071833. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202407.1833.v1 Otindo, A. M.; Ndombi, E. M.; Theuri, M.; Muturi, M.; Thamaini, P.; Ogutu, J.; Onsongo, L.; Madete, J. K.; Ofula, V.; Gitau, S.; Mwangi, G.; Okemo, P. Seroprevalence of Anti-SARS-CoV-2, IgM and IgG, and COVID-19 Vaccine Uptake in Nairobi, Kenya: A Cross-Sectional Study. Preprints 2024, 2024071833. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202407.1833.v1

Abstract

Seroprevalence of anti-severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (anti-SARS-CoV-2) antibodies in the postvaccination period in Kenya remains to be elucidated. This study aimed to determine the seroprevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgM and IgG and evaluate vaccination uptake in Nairobi, Kenya. This was a cross-sectional study conducted in a university setting. Serum anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgM and IgG levels were assayed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Mann–Whitney U test was used for binary comparisons and Kruskal–Wallis Test for multigroup comparisons. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. A total of 189 participants were enrolled (median age, 21 years; female, 50.8%). The seroprevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 was 12.7% for IgM and 87.8% for IgG. Anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG titers were higher among the vaccinated vs. non-vaccinated individuals (p < 0.001, U = 2817.5), females vs. males (p = 0.024, U = 3616), and those vaccinated < 6 months before the study vs. those vaccinated >1 year earlier (p = 0.002, H = 12.359). The vaccination hesitancy rate was 43.4% and the underlying reasons included mistrust (22.4%), health concerns (19.7%), and lack of information (18.4%). Despite the high seroprevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG, the high vaccine hesitancy rate necessitates community engagement and education prior to vaccines roll out.

Keywords

COVID-19; hesitancy; IgG; IgM; mistrust; SARS-CoV-2; seroprevalence; vaccination

Subject

Medicine and Pharmacology, Immunology and Allergy

Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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