Version 1
: Received: 21 July 2024 / Approved: 23 July 2024 / Online: 24 July 2024 (06:57:19 CEST)
How to cite:
Uzbelger Feldman, D.; Laun, B. B.; Patel, C.; Pande, S. V.; Boddu, S. H. A Buffered Local Anesthetic Without Epinephrine: Development, Characterization, and In Vivo Efficacy and Toxicity Analysis. Preprints2024, 2024071859. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202407.1859.v1
Uzbelger Feldman, D.; Laun, B. B.; Patel, C.; Pande, S. V.; Boddu, S. H. A Buffered Local Anesthetic Without Epinephrine: Development, Characterization, and In Vivo Efficacy and Toxicity Analysis. Preprints 2024, 2024071859. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202407.1859.v1
Uzbelger Feldman, D.; Laun, B. B.; Patel, C.; Pande, S. V.; Boddu, S. H. A Buffered Local Anesthetic Without Epinephrine: Development, Characterization, and In Vivo Efficacy and Toxicity Analysis. Preprints2024, 2024071859. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202407.1859.v1
APA Style
Uzbelger Feldman, D., Laun, B. B., Patel, C., Pande, S. V., & Boddu, S. H. (2024). A Buffered Local Anesthetic Without Epinephrine: Development, Characterization, and In Vivo Efficacy and Toxicity Analysis. Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202407.1859.v1
Chicago/Turabian Style
Uzbelger Feldman, D., Sonal Vijay Pande and Sai HS Boddu. 2024 "A Buffered Local Anesthetic Without Epinephrine: Development, Characterization, and In Vivo Efficacy and Toxicity Analysis" Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202407.1859.v1
Abstract
Lidocaine hydrochloride (HCl) 2% with 1:100,000 epinephrine (LW/E) is widely used to prevent pain during dental procedures and has been associated with injection sting, jittering effects, slow onset, and a bitter aftertaste. Since LW/E's introduction in 1948, no significant modifications have been proposed. This study aims to design and characterize an improved dental lidocaine HCl injectable formulation without epinephrine (LW/O/E) via buffers, sweeteners, and amino acids. LW/O/E injections were prepared with pH and osmolality values of 6.5 – 7.0 and 590-610 mOsm/kg. Using the electronic tongue (ETongue), the LW/O/E injectable formulations were characterized for viscosity, injectability, and taste analysis. The results were compared with the LW/E control. In vivo efficacy and anesthetic duration of the samples were measured through radiant heat tail-flick latency (RHTFL) and hot plate (HP) tests and local toxicity was assessed after a single intra-oral injection in Sprague Dawley rats (SDR). The viscosity and injectability values of the LW/O/E samples were found to be comparable to the LW/E injection. ETongue taste analysis showed an improvement in bitterness reduction of the LW/O/E samples compared to the LW/E formulation. Toxicity studies of samples in SDR showed minor and transient signs of erythema/eschar and edema. Anesthetic duration via RHTFL and HP paw withdrawal latency time in SDR were found to be comparable for the LW/O/E Sample 3A and the LW/E injection (p
Keywords
dental anxiety; local anesthetic; lidocaine; epinephrine; buffered anesthesia
Subject
Medicine and Pharmacology, Dentistry and Oral Surgery
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
