Review
Version 1
This version is not peer-reviewed
Help or Hinder: Protein Host Factors That Impact HIV-1 Replication
Version 1
: Received: 23 July 2024 / Approved: 24 July 2024 / Online: 25 July 2024 (09:11:33 CEST)
How to cite: Moezpoor, M. R.; Stevenson, M. Help or Hinder: Protein Host Factors That Impact HIV-1 Replication. Preprints 2024, 2024071995. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202407.1995.v1 Moezpoor, M. R.; Stevenson, M. Help or Hinder: Protein Host Factors That Impact HIV-1 Replication. Preprints 2024, 2024071995. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202407.1995.v1
Abstract
Interactions between human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and the host factors or restriction factors of its target cells determine the cell’s susceptibility to, and outcome of, infection. Factors intrinsic to the cell are involved at every step of HIV-1’s replication cycle, contributing to productive infection and replication, or severely attenuating HIV-1’s chances of success. Furthermore, factors unique to certain cell types contribute to the differences in infection between these cell types. Understanding the involvement of these factors in HIV-1 infection is a key requirement for the development of anti-HIV-1 therapies. As the list of factors grows, and the dynamic interactions between these factors and the virus are elucidated, comprehensive and up-to-date summaries that recount the knowledge gathered after decades of research are beneficial to the field, displaying what is known so that researchers can build off the groundwork of others to investigate what is unknown. Herein, we aim to provide a review focusing on protein host factors, both well-known and relatively new, that impact HIV-1 replication in a positive or negative manner at each stage of the replication cycle, highlighting factors unique to HIV-1’s various target cell types where appropriate.
Keywords
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1); host factors; restriction factors; replication; infection; CD4+ T lymphocytes; myeloid cells; monocytes; macrophages
Subject
Biology and Life Sciences, Virology
Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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